한국재래흑염소에서 발정 및 과배란 유도와 외래유전자 주입에 적합한 1세포기 수정란의 채취

신상태,이두환,김명철,이운규,이철상,한용만,이경광 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1998 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-

Three different treatments for induction of estrus in Korean native black goats were compared: follicle stimulating hormone(FSH, FSH-p^TM), FSH combined with MAP(intravaginal impregnated sponges, Veramix^ⓡ, containing 60 ㎎ medroxy progesterone acetate for 14 days), and FSH combined with progesterone(Ovaron^ⓡ, 10 ㎎ IM for 10 days) and PGF_2α(Lutalyse^ⓡ, 3 ㎎ IM at first FSH injection). FSH for inducing estrus and superovulation was given a total 20 ㎎ intramuscularilly in decreasing dosage injections twice daily over 4 days. The MAPs were withdrawn at the 3rd day of FSH injection. Estrus observations were conducted every 6 hours from last FSH injection for 24 hours by placing the does with fertile male goats. Estrus and superovulation were more successfully induced with treatment of MAP + FSH than other treatments(FSH only, or progesterone + PGF_2α + FSH) (estrus induction; 100 vs 42.8 and 71.4%, ovulation points; 11.4 vs 5.4 and 4.4, respectively). The effect of gonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRH) on the ovulation rate was also examined. However, no difference was observed for inducing ovulation with treatment or dosage(100 ㎍ 200 ㎍) of GnRH. Low midline laparotomies were performed, and then ovarian responses (ovulations and follicular development) were examined by exteriorization of the reproductive tracts. Ova were recovered from oviducts by retrograde flushing 60-146 hours after MAP removal, and were classified the developmental stages. Overall 66.1% (236/357) of recovery rate was obtained from 30 superovulated does. The optimal recovery time of microinjectable 1-cell zygotes was approximately 72-76 hours after MAP removal.

곰솔(Pinus thunbergii )에서 소나무재선충병 예방을 위한 나무주사용 약제선발

이상명(Sang Myeong Lee),김동수(Dong Soo Kim),이상길(Sang Gil Lee1),박남창(Nam Chang Park),이동운(Dong Woon Lee) 한국농약과학회 2009 농약과학회지 Vol.13 No.4

특집논문 : 의례로 읽는 화계사 안팎의 문화

이성운 ( Sung Woon Lee ) 한국불교사연구소 2014 한국불교사연구 Vol.4 No.-

이 글은 ‘의례’라는 키워드로 화계사 안팎의 역사와 문화를 읽어낸, 약간의 문학성을 띤 논문이라고 할 수 있다. 제일 먼저 ‘등촉(燈燭)’이라는 단어를 통해 화계사의 역사를 읽어보았다. 첫째, 1522년 서평군 이공(李公)의 제의로 신월 화상이 부허동에 있던 보덕암을 옮겨 현재의 화계사 자리로 옮겨 건립하여 화계사라 하였고, 1618년 화재로 전각이 소실되자 덕흥대원군 가문의 보시에 의해 1619년 초 중창되었으며, 1866년 흥선대원군(1820~1898)의 시주로 삼창된, 화계사의 역사에 대해, 등과 촛불을 밝히는, 의례의 행위에 빗대 풀어보았다. 희미하게나마 전승돼온 역사를 ‘희미한 등촉’이라고 하였고, 역사의 소용돌이 속에 법등을 이어온 사실을 ‘풍전의 법등’이라고 하였으며, 그래도 법맥이 꺼지지 않고 이어온 사실을 ‘상승의 법등’이라 하며 화계사 안팎의 역사와 의례 문화를 살펴보았다. 둘째, 불전(佛殿)에 공양하고 승려에게 재(齋)를 올리는 행위는, 부처님 재세 때부터 있어온 출가와 재가의 관계를 이어주는, 보시 행위이다. 부처님이나 수행자들은 신도들에게 법의 보시와 두려움 없음을 베풀고, 신도들은 공양물을 베풀어 승려들이 수행에 전념할 수 있도록 한다. 초기불교시기에는 탁발에 의지하였으나 이후 사원에 기진(寄進)된 장원에서 생산된 생산물에 의해 승단이 유지되었는데, ‘궁절’이라고 불린 화계사에는 궁인들의 공불행위가 이어졌다. 화계사 관음전에 자수관세음보살을 모신원주(願主) 조대비(1808~1890)는 1880년 불전의 양식을 마련하기 위해 재산을 출연하여 농토로 바꿔 매년 공양 올리는 양식으로 삼도록 하였고, 또 관음전에 양식을 헌공하였다. 아울러 사중(寺中)의 스님들도 1905년 성도계를 조직하여, 자타의 성도를 위해 공양을 마련하는 등 사부대중이 공불에 흔연히 동참하고 있다. 셋째, 염불(念佛)은 부처님의 명호를 염송하는 수행인데, 난행도(難行道)로 알려진 참선과 달리, 염불은 ‘이행도(易行道)’로서 재가불자들도 쉽게 동참할 수 있는 수행이다. 화계사 대방은 염불방으로 궁인들이 상사(上寺)하여 염불을 수행하였다고 보인다. 만일 동안 염불을 수행하는 ‘만일염불회’가화계사에 결성된 것은 1910년이었으며, 입적을 앞 둔 염불행자 월명 화상이 평생 이룬 전답을 출연함으로써 가능하였다. 간경(看經)·참선(參禪)과 더불어 삼문(三門)수행으로 널리 행해진 염불은, 조선 중기 이후 한국불교의 주요한 수행이었으며, 그 공덕은 지대하다. 화계사 만일 염불이 회향되었다고 보이는 1930년대 후반 이후 20여 년이 채 지나지 않은 시점에, 화계사에 고봉·숭산 등 눈 밝은 선지식들이 바랑을 내리게 된 것도 염불의 득과라고 할 수 있을 것이다. 화계사의 선사 숭산 스님이 국제포교 나서 큰 성과를 이룬 것도, 꽃이 아름답고 계곡이 아름답고 절이 아름다운 화계사에서 시작되었다. 이후 화계사에는 국제선원이 개원되어 세계불교의 한 중심지로 자리매김하게 되었다. 국내외에서 화계사를 찾아 선대 덕 높은 수행자들의 수행과 의례를 따라, 불전에 공양하고, 염불하고, 참선하며 세계일화를 실천하는 이들이야말로, 꽃·계곡·절과[三美] 더불어 화계사의 사미(四美)라고 하겠다. This essay is a bit of literary writing on the history and the culture around Hwagye Temple in veiw of the keyword, ‘Euirye(儀禮, ritual)’. Above all, the history of Hwagye Temple is considered with the word, ‘a lamplight and a candlelight(燈燭)’. Firstly, Sinwol Hwasang(virtuous monk) moved Bodeok Hermitage located in Buheodong to the current site of Hwagye Temple, built it and named as Hwagye Temple with accepting Seopyonggun Mr. Lee`s suggestion in 1522, and it was reconstructed thanks to the donation(Dana) of Deokheung Daewongun`s family in the early 1619 after its sanctum was burned down by a fire in 1618, and then rebuilt again with Heungseon Daewongun(1820~1898) offering in 1866. This history of Hwagye Temple is illustrated compared to the practice of the protocol lightening a lamp and a candle. The history and the ritual culture around Hwagye Temple is considered in that the history passed down even faintly is described as ``dim light of a lampe and a candle``, the fact of having inherited Beopdeung(法燈, the lamp of Dharma) in the historical maelstrom as ``Beopdeung(the lamp of Dharma) in the wind``, and the case of Beopmaek(法 脈, the Dharma lineage) handed down without disconnection as ‘the inter-successissive lamp of Dharma`` Secondly, the practice of offering to Buljeon(佛殿, Buddha sanctum) and holding Jae(齋, offering ritual) to monks and nuns is that of donation(dana) which has been carried out since Buddha`s lifetime and liaises between Sangha and the laity. Buddha and practitioners give lay people Dharma-offering and fearlessness and lay people give offerings so that monks and nuns may devote themselves to the discipline. Sangha depended on Takbal(托鉢, mendicancy) during the Early Buddhism period but it was maintained with the produce from the manor contributed to the temple since then, and Hwagye Temple called as Palace Temple was supported by court ladies who kept Gongbul(供佛, offering to Buddha). Her highness, Cho(1808~1890), the devote patron who enshrined an embroidered image of Gwanseumbosal(觀世音菩薩, Avalokite.vara) at Gwaneumjeon(觀音 殿, Avalokite.vara sanctum) in Hwagye Temple, exchanged her contributed property into farm land in order to provide food to Buljeon(Buddha sanctum) and made it food for Gongyang (供養, offering) to dedicate every year and consecrated food to Gwaneumjeon( Avalokite.vara sanctum) again. Also, monks and nuns in the temple organized Seongdogye(成道., traditional private fund for attaining enlightenment) in 1905 so that they arranged offering for the sake of their own and others` Seongdo(成道, attaining enlightenment). Like this, Sabudaejung(四部大衆, the fourfold community) participate in offering to Buddha all together. Thirdly, Yeombul(念佛, chanting Buddha), which is to chant Buddha`s name, is the practice for the laity to take part in with ease as Ihaengdo(易行 道, easy path to enlightnement), contrary to Chamseon(參禪, meditation practice) known as Nanhangdo(難行道, difficult path to enlightenment). A large room in Hwagye Temple is a room for Yeombul(chnating Buddha) so that court ladies might visit it and practice it. ``Manil Yeombulhoe(ten thousand days Chanting Buddha assembly), which is to practice Yeombul(chnating Buddha) for ten thousand days, was organized in 1910 with Yeombul practioner, Wolmyong Hwasang(virtuous monk) contributing his lifelong farm land when he was about to do Ipjeok(入寂, Parinirvana). Yeombul(chnating Buddha) practiced widely as Sammun(三門, three gates) practice along with Gangyeong(看經, ardent reading of a sutra) and Chamseon(參禪, meditation practice), is the main practice of Koren Buddhism since the middle of Joseon Dynasty and its Virtue(Guna) is great. It can be the gains and the fruit(得果) for Seonjisik(善知識, learned and virtuous masters) such as Gobong, Sungsan, etc to take their Barang(a Buddhist sack) off at Hwagye Temple at the point of time when it hasn`t passed about 20 years after the late 1930s and when Hoihyang(廻向, Merit-transference) of ``Manil Yeombul(ten thousand days Chanting Buddha) was made. Sungsan Seonsa(禪師, Zen master) at Hwagye Temple has greatly accomplished international dissemination, which began at Hwagye Temple where flowers, the valley and the temple are beautiful. Since then, the interantional Seonwoen(禪院, Seon monastery) opens here and settles down as a center of World Buddhism. Those who visit Hwagye Temple at home and abroad, and give offerings to Buljeon(Buddha sanctum), practice Yeombul(chnating Buddha), meditation and Segye Ilhwa(世界一花, The whole world is a single flower), following the discipline and the rites of virtuous foregoers, are one of four beauties(四美) along with flowers, the valley, and the temple[三美, three beauties] of Hwagye Temple.

EDTA의 세정시간에 따른 근관 내 smear layer의 제거효과에 관한 연구

이자경,박상혁,최기운 大韓齒科保存學會 2006 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.31 No.3

본 연구는 EDTA 용액의 적용 시간에 다른 도말층의 제거 효과를 비교하여 EDTA 용액의 최적 적용 시간을 알고자 시행되었다. 단근치 35개를 NaOCI 용액 하에서 근관 형성 후 대조군은 NaOCI 용액 5㎖로 2분간, 실험군은 30초군, 1분군, 2분군으로 세분하여 17% EDTA 용액 5㎖로 각각 30초, 1분, 2분간 세정하였다. 세정이 끝난 치근의 도말층 제거 정도와 상아 세관의 erosion 정도를 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 대조군: 도말층이 전혀 제거되지 않았다. 2. 실험군: 1) 중간⅓: 세 군 모두에서 도말층이 거의 완전히 제거되었고, EDTA 적용 시간이 증가할수록 erosion 발생 빈도가 증가하였다. 2) 치근단⅓: 2분군이 다른 두 군에 비해 도말층 제거 정도가 우수하였다. 따라서 erosion 발생을 최소화면서 도말층을 효과적으로 제거하기 위해서는 17% EDTA 용액을 2분간 사용하는 것이 적절한 것으로 사료된다. This study was to verify that the combined application of NaOCI and EDTA was more effective in removal of smear layer than the application of NaOCI alone. Furthermore it was aimed to find out the optimal time for the application of EDTA. Thirty five single rooted teeth were cleaned and shaped. NaOCI solution was used as an irrigant during instrumentation. After instrumentation, root canals of the control group were irrigated with 5㎖ of NaOCI for 2 minutes. 30 sec, 1 min, and 2 min group were irrigated with 5㎖ of 17% EDTA for 30 sec, 1 min, and 2 min respectively. Then the roots were examined with scanning electron microscopy for evaluating removal of smear layer and erosion of dentinal tubule. The results were as follows; 1. The control group: The smear layer was not removed at all. 2. The other groups: 1) Middle⅓: All groups showed almost no smear layer. And the erosion occurred more frequently as increasing irrigation time. 2) Apical⅓: The cleaning effect of 2 min group was better than the others. The results suggest that 2 min application of 17% EDTA should be adequate to remove smear layer on both apical⅓ and middle⅓.

청소년의 연령별 체격 발달에 관한 연구

이창섭,김재운,남상우 충남대학교 체육과학연구소 2000 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.18 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyze the tendency of physical development by age in adolescence. For this study, the health documents including 400 students' records were selected from the 4 highschools in Deajon city. In order to analyze the records in health documents, mean and standard deviation were used on SPSS window version 9.0. The results of the study were as follows; First in the growth of height men's Height was greater than that of women by an average of 6.03㎝ during at the age of 8 and 18, but at the age of 11(4th grade in elementary school) and 13(6th grade), women's height surpassed that of men only once. In the case of men, the quantity of annual maximum development(QAMD) was shown at the age of 12 and 13 by an average of 8.03㎝ and that of women, QAMD was shown at the age of 10 and 11 by 6.85㎝. Second, in the growth of weights the weight of men was more than that of women by an average above 10㎏, but there was no case that women's weight surpassed that of men like result of height. In the case of men, the QAMD was shown at the age of 14 and 15 by an average of 7.05㎏, and at the age of 10 and 11 by an average of 6.85㎏ in women. Third, in the growth of chest girth, the size of men was bigger than of women by an average of 4-8㎝, but when women were 14 years old(1 st gade in middle school), they surpassed men's size of chest girth only once. In the case of men, the QAMD was shown at the age of 17(1st grade in highschool) and 18(2nd grade) by an average of 4.56㎝ and in women, during 13(6th grade in elementary school) and 14(1st grade in middle school) by an average of 4.76cm. These results could be interpreted as follow. When the men enter highschool, they have more activities than in middle school to show off their "masculinity". On the Contrary, women' activities in highschool decrease from the middle school. Because they want to keep their "femininity". And Lastly, in the growth of sitting height, the sitting height of men and women increased annually by an average of 2.31㎝ and 3.23㎝. In the case of men and women, the QAMD was shown at the age of 13 and 14 by an average of 3.76㎝ and 5.92㎝. Women's sitting height surpassed that of men at the age of 12(5th grade in elementary school) and 14(1st grade in middle school).

상아질 접착제 사용 여부에 따른 근관 밀폐효과의 비교

이민조,박상혁,최기운 大韓齒科保存學會 2005 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.30 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 상아질 접착제의 사용 여부에 따른 근관 밀폐효과를 비교 평가하기 위해 40개의 단근치를 근관 성형 후 20개씩 두군으로 나누었다. 1군은 근관 충전시에 상아질 접착제를 사용하지 않았으며 2군은 상아질 접착제를 사용하였다. 근첨에서 1.5 mm (Level 1), 2.0 mm (Level 2), 2.5 mm (Level 3) 떨어진 부위의 평균 누출률을 측정하였다. 1. 두군의 평균 누출률은 치경부로 향하면서 감소하였다. 2. Level 1에서 1군과 2군의 평균 누출률은 차이가 없었다 (p > 0.05) .3. Level 2와 3에서 2군의 평균 누출률은 1군보다 낮았으며, 통계학적으로 유의차를 나타내었다 (p < 0.05) .연구결과 상아질 접착제를 사용하여 근관 충전하는 경우 치근단 누출을 감소시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. The purpose of this study was to compare the sealing ability of root canal obturation with or without the use of dentin adhesive system. Forty extracted human teeth with one canal were selected and decoronated. The teeth were divided into two Groups. The obturation procedure of Group 1 was the same as that of Group 2 with the exception of dentin adhesive system. Group 2 were obturated with dentin adhesive system, AH-26, and gutta-percha. After obturation, the teeth were immersed in methylene blue solution for 84 hours. The teeth were sectioned horizontally at 1.5 mm (Level 1), 2.0 mm (Level 2) 2.5 mm (Level 3) from the root apex using a low speed microtome. Distance of dye-penetrated surface and total dentinal surface were measured using SigmaScan Pro 5.0, and the ratio of dye-penetrated distance to the total dentinal distance was analyzed statistically by Mann-Whitney U-test. 1. In both groups, the mean leakage ratio was decreased cervically. 2. At level 1, there was no significant difference between group 1 and group 2 (p > 0.05). 3. At level 2 and 3, group 1 showed significantly higher mean leakage ratio than group 2 (p < 0.05). The results suggest that using dentin adhesive system in root canal obturation procedure reduces the apical microleakage.

유한요소법을 이용한 치근단절제술후 근첨의 응력분포에 관한 연구

이세준,최호영,민병순,박상진,최기운 大韓齒科保存學會 1998 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the distribution of stress in the root end resected teeth. The finite element method was used to compare stresses along the root and retrograde filling material in seven two-dimensional models of mandibular 2nd premolar. Each model was endodontic treatment and gold crown restoration. Each model divided with amagam corerestoration or gold casting post restoration. Thus each model divided with shape of root end resection, depth of retropreparation and exposure length of root in the bony cavity. The seven models were classified as in the table 1 below. ◁표참조▷ A load of 500N was applied 45°diagonally on the lingual slope of the buccal cusp. These models were analyzed with two dimensional finite element methods. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The maximum tensile stress along the inner canal wall was shown on the model 7. 2. When the model 1 was compared with the model 5, the maximum tensile stress along the inner canal wall showed the model 1. 3. Less equivalent stress was shown on the model 6 and more equivalent stress was shown on the model 4. 4. More shear stress was shown on the retrograde filling material of the model 7. 5. The models with increased length of exposed root in the bony cavity demonstrated a gradual increase to the tensile stress in X direction which occurred approximately a boundary between the bone and exposed root in the bony cavity. 6. The model which had a case of matching the apex of post and a boundary between the bone and exposed root in the bony cavity demonstrated more increase tensile stress in X direction than other models.

점오염원의 대기확산에 관한 민감도 분석과 모델링

이화운,원경미,배성정 한국환경과학회 2000 한국환경과학회지 Vol.9 No.1

The sensitivity analysis of two short-term models (ISCST3, INPUFF2.5) is performed to improve the model accuracy. It appears that the sensitivities on the changes of wind speed, stack height and stack inner diameter in the near distance from source, stability and mixing height in the remote distance from source, are significant. Also, the gas exit velocity, stack inner diameter, gas temperature and air temperature which affect the plume rise have some effects on the concentration values of each model within the downwind distance where final plume rise is determined. And in modeling for the atmospheric dispersion of point pollutant source INPUFF2.5 can calculate amount, trajectory of puff and concentration versus time at each receptors. So, it is compatible to analyze distribution of point pollutants concentration at modeling area.

일측전정기과 손상 희쥐의 전정보상과정에서 뇌간 신경핵의 cAMP-Response Element Binding 단백질 활성화

윤상대,이정헌,김진호,김민선,박병림 대한이비인후과학회 2001 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.44 No.12

급성 백혈병 관해유도요법후 발생한 다발성 비장농양 1예

이홍기,김선운,박경동,이현성,주영돈,손창학 인제대학교 2000 仁濟醫學 Vol.21 No.1

Splenic abscess is a rare illness. Its incidence has ranged from 0.14 to 0.7 % in various autopsies conducted in the US. Even in the most recently published articles, diagnosis was made only in autopsies in 37 % of the cases. While splenic abscess may arise occasionally from contiguous spread of infection or direct trauma to the spleen, usually it develops with hematogenous spread or infection. But, bacterial endocarditis is the most common cause. RUQ pain of abdomen developed in only half of series. Splenomegaly, fever and leucocytosis was also present. When splenic abscesses are being considered in a differential diagnosis, CT scan of the abdomen has been the most sensitive diagnostic tool. Streptococcal species are the most common bacterial isolates from splenic abscesses, S. aureus is the next most common. Salmonella species are seen commonly in patients with sickle cell hemoglobinopathy. Because of the high mortality related for splenic abscess, the treatment of choice is splenectomy with adjunctive antibiotics. However, percutaneous drainage has been successful alternative. We reported a 19-years old female patient who had splenic abscess after remission induction chemotherapy of acute leukemia, successfully treated with splenectomy.