N-acetyl cysteine inhibits H2O2-mediated reduction in the mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells by down-regulating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway

( Daewoo Lee ),( Sung Ho Kook ),( Hyeok Ji ),( Seung Ah Lee ),( Ki Choon Choi ),( Kyung Yeol Lee ),( Jeong Chae Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2015 BMB Reports Vol.48 No.11

There are controversial findings regarding the roles of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway on bone metabolism under oxidative stress. We investigated how Nrf2/HO-1 pathway affects osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells in response to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), or both. Exposing the cells to H2O2 decreased the alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium accumulation, and expression of osteoblast markers, such as osteocalcin and runt-related transcription factor-2. In contrast, H2O2 treatment increased the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the cells. Treatment with hemin, a chemical HO-1 inducer, mimicked the inhibitory effect of H2O2 on osteoblast differentiation by increasing the HO-1 expression and decreasing the osteogenic marker genes. Pretreatment with NAC restored all changes induced by H2O2 to near normal levels in the cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that H2O2-mediated activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway negatively regulates the osteoblast differentiation, which is inhibited by NAC. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(11): 636-641]

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

十二變에 대한 考察 : 六元正紀大論을 중심으로

채영진,남호현,이석모,여성원,한성규,이재원,안민식,정헌영,금경수 한국전통의학연구소 2003 한국전통의학지 Vol.13 No.1

The six kinds of natural factors(It refers to wind, cold, summer-heat, dampness, dryness and fire.) is constantly moving to maintain the balance of whole climate of one year. Four seasons are the largest mediation of whole climate of one year. The cold and the heat have the relationship of mutual intervention. The dampness and the dryness have it also. In this process they raise various climate appearance. And that various climate appearance influence the whole lives on the earth. This paper is concerned with the classification of them.

기분장애를 주소로 내원한 Binswanger씨 병 1례

채정호,전태연,윤수정,최성빈,김대진,김광수 대한생물치료정신의학회 2000 생물치료정신의학 Vol.6 No.1

We report a 70 year-old man with Binswanger's disease associated with mood symptoms. He was apparently well until 15 years ago when the treatment-resistant atypical mood symptoms had been appeared. He showed a fluctuating course in mental disturbance, such as irritable and labile affect, emotional incontinence, and irritable behavior. Two years ago, he was diagnose as hypertension, renal failure, and heart failure. He was admitted to psychiatric ward due to irritable mood, dysarthria, lack of bladder control, gait disturbance, and impulsive behaviors, which had been aggravated during the last 2 months. In physical examination, he had hypertension and both pretibial pitting edema was revealed, and also in neurological examination, exaggeration of deep tendon reflexes and weakness of extremities were found. On mental status examination, he showed irritable and labile mood with mild cognitive disturbances. Brain MRI demonstrated multifocal high signal intensity in periventricular white matter, both basal ganglia, and thalami on the T2 imaging. These findings were compatible with Binswanger's disease with mood symptoms.

삽목방법이 묘소질과 토마토 생육에 미치는 영향

채윤석,박상대,강호종 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2007 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.20 No.-

본 시험은 60일 된 토마토 실생묘의 정단부를 제외하고 상위, 중위, 하위 각 2마디를 하나로, 푸르미, 토실이 용토에 마디삽목하여 묘의 소질을 조사하고, 육성된 마디삽목묘를 저단밀식 재배하여 토마토의 생육과 과실의 특성에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과는 다음과 같다 1. 삽목 10일과 30일 후 신초장 및 신초경의 생육은 하나로, 푸르미용토가 유의적인 차이가 있었으며, 20일 후 신초장과 신근은 푸르미용토에서 삽수채취 하위부분에서 길었다. 2. 최종수확기에서 잎수는 푸르미상토가 많았고, 마디수는 중·하위절이 많았다. 초장과 엽장, 지상부 및 지하부 생체중과 건물중은처리간 유의성이 없었다. 3. 생육중기의 엽록소함량은 푸르미용토와 중·상위 절이 많았으나 최종수확기 무렵에는 처리구간 비슷하였다. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the bedsoils(H,P and T) and the cutting sites the seedling quality, growth and fruit characters in the dense planting culture of tomato. The samples for test were prepared by dividing three parts(upper, middle and lower part) of 60days old healthy seedlings of tomatoes and collecting 2 modes from each part except the shoot position. The tomato's major characters, seedling quality, fruit character and soluble solids content were measured after 10, 20, and 30 days. 1. The new shoot length grew up bed soil of Hanaro, Promi but Hanaro soil thicken new shoot diameter and new root grew highly of promi soil, lower node in the 10 days after cutting. The growth of new shoot length in the 20 days after cutting grew up highly Promi soil and upper position node, middle position node, the growth of new root grew up highly Promi soil, middle position node and lower node. The growth of new shoot length in the 30 days after cutting grew up highly Hanaro soil and new root number was good enough in Hanaro soil and upper position, middle position node. 2. Leaf number was a lot in Promi soil at harvest time but node number was a lot in middle and lower position node. Flesh and dry weight of plant heigh, leaf, stem and root was similar. 3. The chlorophyll content of growing period on 20 May and 20 June was high in Promi soil and middle, lower position node but on 20 July was similar to all treatments.

우울증 환자에서 Cortisol 일일변화 검사의 의의

채영래,한상익,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 1988 신경정신의학 Vol.27 No.4

This study was designed to investigate whether depressed patient showed increased plasma contisol level compared with nondepressed patients and to examine whether diurnal variation is preserved or flattened in depressed patients and whether diurnal variation itself could be a useful diagnostic procedure in depression. We studied also the possible relationship between the diurnal variation of cortisol secretion and the degree of symptomatic improvement with antidepressant administration in major depression patients. The results were as follows : 1) The value of serum cortisol levels checked before antidepressant administration were 8.44±4.89㎍/dl, 5.74±3.19㎍/dl, 3.18±3.54㎍/dl, 10.75±5.23㎍/dl at 12AM, 4PM, 11PM and 8AM respectively in endogenous depression group, and 6.39±3.29㎍/dl, 6.25±3.75㎍/dl, 2.74±1.85㎍/dl, 10.79±4.77㎍/dl respectively in control group. There were no significant differences in serum cortisol levels between both groups(Table 2). 2) In 31 endogenous depressives, 18(58.1%) maintained diurnal variation of cortisol level and 13(41.9%) showed flattened variation. However, of 16 control group(schizophrenics and dysthymic disorder patients), 11(68.8%) maintained diurnal variation of cortisol secretion and5(31.2%) showed flattened variation. As a result, the sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of diurnal cortisol test for endogenous depression were 42%, 67%, and 72% respectively 3) In 26 major depression patients, 11 patients who showed flattened diurnal variation of cortisol secretion had significantly high "agitative depression" factors of Hamiltion Rating Scale for Depression compared with 15 patients who maintained diurnal variation. 4) Among 15 major depression patients whose diurnal variation was preserved, 12(80.0%) showed marked improvement of depressive symptoms with antidepressant administration and 3(20.0%) did not. Among 11 major depression patients whose diurnal variation was disturbed, 6(54.5%) improved and 5(45.5%) did not. There were no significant differences in symptomatic improvement between two groups.

개선된 Bridgman법으로 성장한 Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_(8+δ) 單結晶의 초전도성

채건식,손인호,설정식,이수대,김영국,전동성,오재근,강성욱 경남대학교 환경문제연구소 1995 환경연구 Vol.17 No.-

The Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_(8)+_(δ) single crystals are grown from the melt using a stoichiometric starting composition fer the cautions. The size and thickness of the Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_(8)+_(δ) crystals depends on the cooling rate. The lower the cooling rate, the bigger and thicker the Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_(8)+_(δ) crystals become. Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_(8)+_(δ) X-ray diffraction(XRD) measurements of the single crystals were carried out using the radiation source of Cu Kα . In these Patterns only the (0,0,2n) diffraction appeared. The result indicated that the cleared surface of the single crystal was of the a-b face, and that the single crystal had a single phase without any undergrowth with 7K and 85K phases. In addition, although the figure is not shown, XRD patterns from (006) to (00□) were observed in the range of 2θ=0 to 60 degrees. The characterization of as-grown single crystals have been analyzed by Laue X-ray backsdattering along the c-axis and X-ray precession experiments. The result of magnetic moment vs Tc in 10 Gauss for a crystals were measurements indicated that the samples have a superconducting transition temperature of 85K.

갑상선 침세포진 시료의 주사전자현미경적 관찰

박성진,이숙희,조창호,채종민 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1995 慶北醫大誌 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 갑상선 결절에 대한 수술전 진단을 위하여 침세포진 검사는 매우 유효하며 빈번히 시행되고 있다. 그러나 집단으로 도말된 세포들에서 때때로 종양세포의 감별진단이 어려운 경우가 있다. 주사전자현미경에 의한 세포들의 배열이나 세포 표면에 대한 관찰은 매우 드물다. 본 연구는 이러한 침세포진 검사에 있어서 주사전자현미경적 관찰을 감별 진단에 이용하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 1994년 5월부터 1995년 4월까지 경북대학교병원에서 갑상선 침세포진 검사를 하고 갑상선 절제술을 시행하여 확진된 56례의 시료를 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 결과 : 결절성 비대증을 포함한 양성 병변에서는 상피세포 표면에 미세 응모가 잘 발달되어 있었으나 악성 종양의 상피세포 표면에는 미세 융모의 감소 및 완전 소실이 관찰되었다. 그러나 유두상암종에서는 미융모가 발달되어 있었으나 매우 불규칙하였다. 그리고 광학현미경상 혼돈이 되는 소포성 및 유두상 구조물의 감별이 용이하였다. 결론 : 이상의 성적으로 보아 갑상선 결절성 병변의 침세포진 검사에 있어서 감별 진단이 어려운 경우 이를 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하는 것이 감별진단에 도움이 될 것이라고 생각된다. Fine needle aspiration cytology is widely accepted as a primary method for the diagnosis of thyroid lesions. To ascertain the effective value of scanning electron microscopic features of fine needle aspiration cytologic specimens, the scanning electron microscopic study of 56 various thyroid lesions was carried out. Well developed microvilli were observed in the follicular surface almost every epithelial cell in the nodular hyperplasia. Their number was reduced in adenomas and differentiated carcinomas. Medullary carcinomas and anaplastic carcinomas usually lack microvilli. Papillary carcinomas on the other hand have abundant microvilli, but their shape was much irregular. Follicular and papillary structures were easily identified by scanning electron microscopic observation. The results suggested that observing by scanning electron microscopy of fine needle aspiration cytologic specimens may be helpful in the differential diagnosis of thyroid lesions.

定植方法이 딸기의 發根및 生育에 미치는 影響

姜鎬宗,朴相眩,蔡潤錫 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2000 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.13 No.-

In order to improve the method of raising seedling and planting in strawberry "jang hee", effect of pot shape and planting method upon the growth of the plants were investigated. The results were summarized as followings; 1. In general, root growth was better at round pot and I pot(conventional pot) than at other pots. Number of root was 26, the highest at round pot, and followed by 20 at I pot. Maximu root length was 29.4cm at round pot, longer than 26.5 at I pot. Root dry weight was 3.72g at I pot, and followed by 2.87g at round pot. 2. When the strawberry seedling adhering bed soil were planted uprightly, root number and root dry weigth were 17.7 and 1.63g respectively, a little higher than 17.0 and 1.45g at conventional method. However, maximum root length was 28cm at the conventional method, longer than 20cm at planting uprightly with bed soil. 3. Leaf area was 62.1㎠ at bed soil adhered and 46.2㎠ at bed soil removed. Petiol length was 1cm longer at bed soil adhered than at bed soil removed. Root dry weight was 4.7g at bed soil adhered and 1.6g at bed soil removed.

東洋系 Cymbidium屬 種子의 無菌發芽와 幼苗의 增殖體系 確立

姜鎬宗,安相烈,蔡潤錫 진주산업대학교 1990 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

동양계 Symbidium 속인 산천보세란 종자의 무균발아와 유묘증식을 위하여 근경형성을 위한 초기배양방법의 확립, 근경 및 유묘의 증식에 미치는 배지 및 Hormone제의 영향에 관한 실험을 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 산천보세란 종자발아는 H_3P_4+NAA 0.1㎎/ℓ, Kinetine 0.01㎎/ℓ첨가배지에서 가장 양호하였으며 발아에 소요된 일수도 210일로서 가장 짧았다. 종자발아에서 얻은 근경의 재증식은 H_3P_4배지에 NAA 1㎎/ℓ, Kinetine 1.0~3.0㎎/ℓ첨가한 배지에서 양호하였으며, 유묘의 증식과 생장에 있어서는 H_3P_4+α-as-paratic acid 0.5㎎/ℓ, NAA 1.0㎎/ℓ, BA 3㎎/ℓ첨가 배지에서 가장 양호하였다. 지금까지의 실험을 종합하여 볼때 무균종자를 파종해서 발아시킨 후, 근경을 급속으로 증식시키고 H_3P_4+NAA 1.0㎎/ℓ함유배지에 BA 3㎎/ℓ을 첨가시킨 후 치상하여 multiple shooting을 시킨 다음 동일조성의 배지에 Hormone제를 제거하고 활성탄 1.6g/ℓ을 첨가한 배지에 이식해서 생장을 도모한 후 광도를 높이고 온도를 낮추며 일장을 16시간 정도 조절하여 순화시킨뒤 폿드 이식 가능한 유묘를 대량샌산 할 수 있을것으로 판단된다. In the process of nonsymbiotic germination and seedling multiplication of Sancheunboseran seed (temperate zone ochid, cymbidium sinense Willd); to establis the early culture method for rhizome formation and to examine the effect of various media and hormone drugs upon the multiplication of rhizome and seeding were the main prupose of this experiment. The results obtained are as follows: The medium with hyponex 3g/ℓ, peptone 4g/ℓ, NAA 0.1㎎/ℓ and Kinetine 0.01㎎/ℓ added was best for the seed germination for Samcheunboseran: the days required for germination were 210- the shortest of all mcdia. The remultiplication of rhzome acquired in the seed germination was most active in the medium with hyponex 3g/ℓ, peptone 4g/ℓ and kinetin 1~3㎎/ℓ added. The seedling showed the best multiplicatin and growth in the medium with hyponex 3g/ℓ, peptone 4g/ℓ, L-asparatic acid 0.5㎎/ℓ, NAA 1.0㎎/ℓ, and BA 3㎎/ℓadded. These results recommend us to plant the aseptic seed, to multiply rhizomes rapidly after germination, to plant the rhizome in the medium with hyponex 3g/ℓ, peptone 4g/ℓ, and NAA 1㎎/ℓ added, to remove the hormone drugs from the medium after multiple shooting and add charcoal(1.6g/ℓ) to the medium, and to trnsplant seedling to the medium. Such procedure will make it possible to produce pottable seedling massively.