전통시장 내 소매경쟁이 임대료에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

이철성 ( Lee Chul Sung ),김장현 ( Kim Janghyun ) 한국유통경영학회(구 한국유통정보학회) 2018 유통경영학회지 Vol.21 No.5

기존 전통시장에 대한 정부 정책은 대형유통업체와의 경쟁으로 인하여 전통시장의 매출감소를 방지하고 지역 경제의 기반을 유지하고 활성화시키기 위한 측면에서 이루어졌다. 그러나 대형유통업체는 SSM 및 상품공급점, 식자재 마트 등과 함께 최근에는 편의점을 통해 전통시장에 입점하고 있는 현실이다. 이러한 대형유통업체로 인한 전통시장잠식은 매출하락에 영향을 미치며, 장기적으로는 부동산 가치의 하락을 야기하여 전통시장이 사라질 수 있음을 의미한다. 그러나 소매경쟁의 측면에서 이에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 그러나 이에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이철성, 김영기, 김승희(2018)과 김승희, 이철성, 김영기(2018)의 연구를 바탕으로 전통시장의 소매경쟁과 임대료의 관계를 살펴보려 한다. 이를 위하여 소상공인시장진흥공단과 한국감정원의 자료를 바탕으로 이들간의 관계를 실증분석하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전통시장 내 SSM 및 상품공급점의 입점은 점포의 단위면적당 임대료를 낮추는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 기존 김승희, 이철성, 김영기(2018)의 연구결과에서 이들 업체의 입점이 전통시장의 공실률에 부정적인 영향을 미친다는 결과와 일치한다. 둘째, 전통시장 내 하나로 마트의 입점은 점포 임대료에는 영향을 미치지는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 하나로 마트가 유통산업발전법 제외 대상이나 실질적으로 대형유통업체로 간주해야 하며, 전통시장에 부정적인 영향을 미치고 있음을 의미한다. 마지막으로 전통시장 내 식자재 마트와 기타 마트의 입점은 점포 임대료에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. The government policy on the traditional market has been made in order to prevent the decrease of sales in the traditional market due to competition with large retailers and to maintain and activate the foundation of local economy. However, large retailers have recently entered the traditional market through convenience stores, commodity supply stores, and food materials mart. Recently, it has been opened through convenience stores. Traditional market erosion caused by these large distributors affects sales decline, and in the long run, it may lead to a decline in real estate value and the traditional market may disappear. However, research on retail competition is lacking. Therefore, this study will examine the relationship between retail competition and rent in traditional markets based on the researches of Lee Chul-sung Kim Young ki, Kim Seung-hee (2018) and Kim Seung-hee, Lee Chul-sung and Kim Young-ki (2018). For this purpose, we conducted empirical analysis on the relationship between them based on the data of the market promotion corporation and the Korean appraisal agency. The results of the study are as follows. First, SSM and commodity supply store in traditional markets lower rent per unit area of stores. These findings are consistent with the findings of Kim Seung-hee, Lee Chul-sung, and Kim Young-ki (2018) that the entry of these firms negatively affects the vacancy rate of traditional markets. Second, Hanaro mart's entry has a negative effect on store rents. These results imply that Hanaro Mart should be regarded as a large-scale retailer or a target to be excluded from the retail industry development law and has a negative impact on the traditional market. Finally, it was found that the number of food materials mart and other mart in traditional markets did not affect store rents.

李德馨의 임진왜란 중 외교 활동

이철성(Lee Chul-Sung) 한국인물사연구소 2007 한국인물사연구 Vol.7 No.-

This paper examines activities by Lee Deok-hyeong, a diplomat and statesman from the beginning to the end of the Imjinwaeran. Lee played an important role in having Ming forces dispatched to Chosun early in the war. He also was a diplomatic expert who took the charge of treating Ming's generals and gave the conditions and information about Ming's and Japan's forces. During peace negotiation, he not only played the role of a diplomat but also participated in the creation of new military forces to make efforts to cultivate soldiers and expand military facilities. He also established plans for defending Chosun from Yeojin. During re invasion by Japan, Lee transmitted information about the conditions of Ming Japan peace negotiation, and tried to make a favor for Chosun. As such, Lee's diplomatic activities were carried out not based on justification but in a substantial dimension. His opinion apparently is seen as based on toadyism and peace orientation that Chosun should ask Ming to send military forces and dispatch an envoy to Japan. However, Lee tried to change Ming's passive attitude toward combats by means of diplomatic activities, and positively advocated Ming's generals who stood for active engagement. He also claimed that Chosun should give chase to receding Japanese forces and then subjugate Tsusima. Deok hyeong was a clever diplomat who coped with matters in the position of pragmatism.

한국인의 갑상선 질환에서 RET 유전자 발현

이시훈,홍순원,문우철,오명열,이진경,안철우,차봉수,김경래,임승길,이현철 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.2

연구배경: RET 유전자는 제10번 염색체의 장완에 위치하는 전암유전자로서 갑상선 종양의 발생과 관련해서 두가지의 활성화 기전이 알려져 있는데, 하나는 RET/PTC 유전자 재배열로 갑상선 유두암의 발생과 연관이 있으며, 다른 하나는 점돌연변이로 갑상선 수질암과 연관이 있다. 한편 갑상선 유두암에서 RET의발현증가가 중요하다는 의견도 있으며, 한국인의 경우이에 대한 자료는 드물다. 이에 한국인의 갑상선 유두암을 비롯한 갑상선 질환에서 RET/PTC 유전자 재배열과 RET 유전자의 발현에 대해서 조사하였다. 방법: 병리 소견상 갑상선 유두암으로 진단된 27예, 갑상선 여포암 3예, 미분화암 1예, 선종 5예, 과증식 19예, 정상 소견 2예의 갑상선 조직을 대상으로 하여 RT-PCR 및 염기서열분석법을 이용하여 RET/PTC-1,-2, -3 유전자 재배열과 RET 유전자의 발현도를 조사하였고, 한편 면역조직화학 방법을 이용하여 ret 단백질의 발현을 검색하였다. 결과: RT-PCR분석 결과 갑상선 유두암중60.0%에서 RET 유전자가 검출되었고, 갑상선 여포암에서 100%, 과증식에서는 25.0%에서 RET 유전자가 검출되었으나, 미분화암, 선종, 정상 조직에서는 검출되지 않았다. 갑상선 유두암 2예에서 RET/PTC-1 재배열과RET/PTC-2 재배열이 한차례 관찰되었으나, RET/PTC-3 유전자의 재배열은 전혀 발견되지 않았다. 면역조직화학염색에서는 갑상선 유두암중 73.1%, 선종중 50%, 과증식 중 14.3%에서 RET가 강하게 발현되었으나, 정상 갑상선조직과 갑상선 여포암, 미분화암에서는 발현되지 않았다. RET의 발현 검색에 있어 RT-PCR 방법과 면역조직화학간에는 비교적 높은 일치도를 보였고, 하시모토 갑상선염에 해당하는 조직 14예 중 9예에서 ret 단백질이 강하게 발현되었다. 결론: 한국인의 갑상선 유두암에서는 RET/PTC 재배열은 드문 반면, RET 유전자의 과잉발현이 높은 빈도로 나타난다. RET의 과잉발현은 빈도가 낮긴 하나갑상선 유두암 뿐 아니라 선종과 과증식에서도 나타날 수 있다 이러한 결과는 RET의 과잉발현이 한국인의 갑상선유두암의 발병에 있어 중요한 원인이며, 지표가 될 수도 있음을 시사한다. Background: Activation of the RET proto-oncogene, located on the long arms of chromosome 10, contributes to the development of thyroid cancers in two different ways. Somatic rearrangements of RET with variable genes of activation are frequently found in papillary thyroid carcinomas. And Ggerm-line point mutations are responsible for the development of medullary thyroid carcinoma and the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2). There are several conflicting reports on the influences of RET expression and RET/TTC rearrangements on the clinical outcome of thyroid cancer. Therefore, we performed an examination of RET expression and RET/TTC-1, -2, -3 rearrangements in papillary thyroid carcinomas and other thyroid diseases. Methods: Twenty-six papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), three follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTCs), one anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), five follicular adenomas (FAs), nineteen hyper- plasias, and two normal thyroid tissues were included in this study. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis were done to identify RET gene, RET/TTC rearrangements, and ret RET protein expression. Results: By RT-PCR, 89.4% of PTCs, 100% of F K s , and 62.1% of hyperplasias expressed the RET gene, but no RET was observed in ATCs, FAs, and normal thyroid tissues. RETmC-1, -2, -3 rearrangements were not detected in any specimens. Immunohistochemical results revealed that 76.9% of PTCs, 50% of FAs, 52.3% of hyperplasias, and 20.6% of normal thyroid tissues expressed the RET ret protein, but lTCs and ATCs did not. Most PTCs showed strong cytoplasmic positivity in RET ret immunostaining, but the positive non- PTCs expressed weak and membranous staining. Overall, the two methods for detecting RET gene, RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry showed similar results. Conclusion: The RET gene was highly expressed in PTCs. In contrast to the previous reports of that theRET gene expression of RET gene is being limited to PTCs, RET was also expressed in hyperplasias, Fas, and normal thyroid tissues. However, the pattern and the degree of expression of the RET ret protein in non- PTCs were are different from those in PTCs (J Kor SOC Endocrinol 18: 140-152, 2003).

Furfural 어류급독성 및 조직병리에 관한 연구

이철우,최성수,최필선,이상협,이길철,박광식 한국환경독성학회 1997 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Furfural, an organic solvent, is widely used as synthetic component material in producing chemical products. However, furfural has been reported that it shows strong toxicities to human being showing intense stimulus to skin, eyes, mucous membrane and nerve system. It is also known to cause anemia, liver cirrhosis, kidney failure and genetic toxicity in the human being working in the exposed area. LD50 of furfural for peritoneal injected mouse has been known around 20mg/kg, but the acute toxicity on aquatic organisms such as fish, daphnid or algae are not well known, compared to those on rodents. In this experiment, we studied on the fish toxicity of furfural using Japanese Meclaka (Oryzias latipes) and Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio). We also observed histological changes in the fish organs. The LC50s were 12.8 mg/L in Japanese Medaka and 21.8 mg/L in Common Carp, respectively. When Common Carps were exposed to 120 mg/L of furfural concentration for 30 minutes, blood congestion in gills and lysis of secondary lamella were shown. Though the muscle of caudal fin was not completely eroded, its epidermic cells were shown to be necrotic in various parts. Tissue atrophy and cell necrosis were also shown in the liver of Common Carps exposed to furfural. From these results, furfural seems to cause histological damages on liver, an internal organ as well as on external organs such as gills and fins eventhough the fish were exposed for a short-term.

역행성 골수강내 금속정을 이용한 원위 대퇴골 간부 및 과상부 골절의 치료

이상홍,이준영,하상호,손홍문,이광철 대한골절학회 2004 대한골절학회지 Vol.17 No.2

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

운동이 백서 스테로이드 근병증에 미치는 효과

박상준,이민철,김세종,박상준,이민철,김세종 대한신경과학회 1999 대한신경과학회지 Vol.17 No.5

체지방 측정기(Futrex-1000 body fat tester)로 측정한 소아의 체지방율에 관한 연구 : 학동기와 청소년기 아동을 대상으로

박상철,이동환,신상만,이상주,박준수,최석민,안재억 순천향대학교 1992 논문집 Vol.15 No.2

Using the infrared interactance(NIR method), the percentage body fat in 1,401 Korean children, aged 6-18years, was evaluated for normal and standard values. Correlation of percentage of body fat with age, weight, height, overweight(%), Kaup index and Rohrer index was also analyzed. The following results were obtained ; 1) In all the subject, weight and height showed standard growth(50-90 percentile) compared to growth data of korean children. 2) The percentage of body fat was decreased with increasing age and was measured higher in female than male. 3) The percentage of body fat was decreased with increasing height in both sex. 4) The percentage of body fat correlated negatively with age, heght, weight in both sex. In boys, the Rohrer index appeared to have a significant positive correlation with the percentage of body fat. (r=0.52454) In girls, the overweight(%) appeared to have a significant positive correlation with percentage of body fat. (r=0.56994) The Kaup index had no correlation with the percentage of body fat. This NIR method is safe, non-invasive, rapid, easy to use, and may be useful predict percentage of body fat, especially in the mass screening.

동충하초 투여가 최대하 운동 시 지방연소에 미치는 영향

김철우,이용수,이상현,이상호,하민수,윤영조,이재일 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.4

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of Cordyceps militaris on fat oxidation during submaximal exercise. Fifteen healthy male collegiate students(ingestion group, N=7; control group, N=8) participated as subjects after signing an informed consent following overnight, subjects completed maximal graded execise test on treadmill to determine exercise intensity(50%VO2max). To evaluate the fat oxidation using indirect calorimeter, it was performed submaximal treadmill to determine exercise lasting. 40min at 50%VO2max after 5day and consumed Cordyceps militaris on separate days. This study was used 2×4 two way repeated ANOVA to analyze physiological and metabolic variables between two groups and metabolic variables between two groups and four exercise periods(l0min, 20min, 30min 40min), and used Scheffe to post-hoc test. Significance was set at α=.05. The results of this study were as followed: First, there were significantly highest in ingestion group for V02, percentage of fat oxidetion(%fat), fat per kilocarolies(Fkcal), and total per kilocarolies(Tkcal)(p<.05), but respiratory exchange ration(RER) and heart rete(HR) were significantly lower in ingestion group(p<.05). Second, RER, %fat, Fkcal were significantly difference in 10, 20, 30, 40min of exercise period(p<.05). This results suggest that there is the effect of Cordyceps militaris on fat oxidation submaximal exercise. Additionally, to evaluate effect of Cordyceps militaris as ergogenic aid, it should be required the future study that included extend subjects, various dosage, and chronic consumption.