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Effects of Azoles on the In vitro Follicular Steroidogenesis in Amphibians
Kim, An-Na,Ahn, Ryun-Seop,Kwon, Hyuk-Bang The Korean Society for Integrative Biology 2006 Integrative biosciences Vol.10 No.4
Azoles are widely used antifungal agents, which inhibit the biosynthesis of fungal cell-membrane ergosterol. In this study, using an amphibian follicle culture system, the effects of azoles on follicular steroidogenesis in frogs were examined. Itraconazole (ICZ), clotrimazole (CTZ) and ketoconazole (KCZ) suppressed pregnenolone ($P_5$) production by the follicles ($ED_{50};\;0.04_{\mu}M,\;0.33_{\mu} M,\;and\;0.91_{\mu}M$, respectively) in response to frog pituitary homogenates (FPH). However, fluconazole (FCZ), miconazole (MCZ) and econazole (ECZ) were not effective in the suppression of $P_5$ production. Not all the azoles examined suppressed the conversion of exogenous $P_5$ to progesterone ($P_4$) (by $3{\beta}$- HSD) or $P_4$ to $17{\alpha}$-hydroxyprogesterone ($17{\alpha}$-OHP) (by $17{\alpha}$-hydroxylase), or androstenedione (AD) to testosterone (T) (by $17{\beta}$-HSD). In contrast, CTZ, MCZ and ECZ in medium partially suppressed the conversion of $17{\alpha}$-OHP to AD (by C17-20 lyase) ($ED_{50};\;0.25{\mu} M,\;4.5{\mu}M,\;and\;0.7{mu}M$, respectively) and CTZ, KCZ, ECZ and MCZ strongly suppressed the conversion of exogenous T to estradiol ($E_2$) (by aromatase) ($ED_{50};\;0.02{\mu}M,\;8{\mu}M,\;0.07{\mu}M,\;0.8{\mu}M$, respectively). These results demonstrated that some azole agents strongly suppress amphibian follicular steroidogenesis and particularly, P450scc and aromatase are more sensitive to azoles than other steroidogenic enzymes.
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Kwon, Oh Seok,Ahn, Sae Ryun,Park, Seon Joo,Song, Hyun Seok,Lee, Sang Hun,Lee, Jun Seop,Hong, Jin-Yong,Lee, James S.,You, Sun Ah,Yoon, Hyeonseok,Park, Tai Hyun,Jang, Jyongsik American Chemical Society 2012 ACS NANO Vol.6 No.6
<P>Recognition of diverse hormones in the human body is a highly significant challenge because numerous diseases can be affected by hormonal imbalances. However, the methodologies reported to date for detecting hormones have exhibited limited performance. Therefore, development of innovative methods is still a major concern in hormone-sensing applications. In this study, we report an immobilization-based approach to facilitate formation of close-packed arrays of carboxylated polypyrrole nanoparticles (CPPyNPs) and their integration with human parathyroid hormone receptor (hPTHR), which is a B-class family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Our devices enabled use of an electrically controllable liquid-ion-gated field-effect transistor by using the surrounding phosphate-buffered saline solution (pH 7.4) as electrolyte solution. Field-induced signals from the peptide hormone sensors were observed and provided highly sensitive and selective recognition of target molecules at unprecedentedly low concentrations (<I>ca.</I> 48 fM). This hormone sensor also showed long-term stability and excellent selectivity in fetal bovine serum. Importantly, the hormone receptor attached on the surface of CPPyNPs enabled GPCR functional studies; synergistic effects corresponding to increased hPTH peptide length were monitored. These results demonstrate that close-packed CPPyNP arrays are a promising approach for high-performance biosensing devices.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2012/ancac3.2012.6.issue-6/nn301482x/production/images/medium/nn-2012-01482x_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn301482x'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
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Park, Soo-Yun,Choi, Su Ryun,Lim, Sun-Hyung,Yeo, Yunsoo,Kweon, Soon Jong,Bae, Yang-Seop,Kim, Kil Won,Im, Kyung-Hoan,Ahn, Soon Kil,Ha, Sun-Hwa,Park, Sang Un,Kim, Jae Kwang The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2014 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.57 No.3
Twelve carotenoids were identified in Korean leafy vegetables and paprikas. by high-performance liquid chromatography, Carotenoid contents varied greatly, with red paprika having a higher antheraxanthin and capsanthin contents than other paprikas. Orange paprika had higher levels of zeaxanthin, ${\beta}$-cryptoxanthin, lutein, and ${\alpha}$-carotene compared to those of other paprikas. The results of Pearson's correlation analysis using quantitative data of carotenoids revealed that significant positive relationships were apparent between capsanthin and antheraxanthin (r=0.9870, p<0.0001), zeaxanthin and ${\alpha}$-cryptoxanthin (r=0.9951, p<0.0001), as well as lutein and ${\alpha}$-carotene (r=0.9612, p<0.0001). Because the correlations between carotenoids levels have provided valuable information regarding metabolic associations, this technique will contribute to identifying metabolic links for carotenoid biosynthesis.
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