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Predictors and patterns of problematic Internet game use using a decision tree model
Rho, Mi Jung,Jeong, Jo-Eun,Chun, Ji-Won,Cho, Hyun,Jung, Dong Jin,Choi, In Young,Kim, Dai-Jin Akadémiai Kiadó 2016 Journal of behavioral addictions Vol.5 No.3
<P><B>Background and aims</B></P><P>Problematic Internet game use is an important social issue that increases social expenditures for both individuals and nations. This study identified predictors and patterns of problematic Internet game use.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Data were collected from online surveys between November 26 and December 26, 2014. We identified 3,881 Internet game users from a total of 5,003 respondents. A total of 511 participants were assigned to the problematic Internet game user group according to the <I>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</I> Internet gaming disorder criteria. From the remaining 3,370 participants, we used propensity score matching to develop a normal comparison group of 511 participants. In all, 1,022 participants were analyzed using the chi-square automatic interaction detector (CHAID) algorithm.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>According to the CHAID algorithm, six important predictors were found: gaming costs (50%), average weekday gaming time (23%), offline Internet gaming community meeting attendance (13%), average weekend and holiday gaming time (7%), marital status (4%), and self-perceptions of addiction to Internet game use (3%). In addition, three patterns out of six classification rules were explored: cost-consuming, socializing, and solitary gamers.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>This study provides direction for future work on the screening of problematic Internet game use in adults.</P>
Rho, Won-Yeop,Chun, Myeoung-Hwan,Kim, Ho-Sub,Hahn, Yoon-Bong,Suh, Jung Sang,Jun, Bong-Hyun Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.4
We prepared dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with enhanced energy conversion efficiency using open-ended $TiO_2$ nanotube arrays with a $TiO_2$ scattering layer. As compared to closed-ended $TiO_2$ nanotube arrays, the energy conversion efficiency of the open-ended $TiO_2$ nanotube arrays was increased from 5.63% to 5.92%, which is an enhancement of 5.15%. With the $TiO_2$ scattering layer, the energy conversion efficiency was increased from 5.92% to 6.53%, which is an enhancement of 10.30%. After treating the open-ended $TiO_2$ nanotube arrays with $TiCl_4$, the energy conversion efficiency was increased from 6.53% to 6.89%, a 5.51% enhancement, which is attributed to improved light harvesting and increased dye adsorption.
正常 및 自發性 糖尿病動物(KK Mouse)의 血糖量에 미치는 Nicotine 및 Ethanol의 相互作用
노원소,전은현,김기순 한양대학교 의과대학 1985 한양의대 학술지 Vol.5 No.2
Several studies using interviews or questionnaries have demonstrated that a high correlation exists between heavy drinking and heavy smoking and that the similar correlation is observable even among alcoholics. It has been reported that intravenous administration of nicotine influenced human smoking behavior, and that the action of nicotine in central nervous system had small but clearly demonstrable role as a primary reinforcer of the smoking habit. Recently it was suggested, from study on effect of ethanol on the disposition of nicotine in rats, that the ethanol-related decreases in nicotine plasma level may reinforce the need for increased smoking during ethanol consumption. There are numerous reports in the literature indication that cigarette smoking or administration of nicotine causes an increase in blood sugar level in man and animals. On the other hand investigations concerning the effect of ethanol on concentration of sugar in blood of men and experimental animals have resulted in conflicting data. Now it appears to be generally recognized that ethanol-induced hypoglycemia results from inhibited gluconeogenesis by ethanol and exhaustion of glycogen stores of liver in fasted men and animals. The present study was designed to investigate effect of ethanol and nicotine on blood sugar levels in normal and diabetic (KK) mice. Experimental animals were divided into the control, nicotine, ethanol, ethanol-after nicotine, nicotine-after ethanol group administration of either nicotine (2mg/Kg) or ethanol (3g/Kg) preceded that of another by 60 minutes. The results obtained from the present study were as follows; 1. In both normal and diabetic mice intraperitoneally administered nicotine invariably caused hyperglycemia showing the peak responses (approximately 70mg% and 100mg%) in 60 minutes. 2. Following ethanol administration in the ethanol-after nicotine group of normal and KK mice, blood sugar concentration further increased (228.4±22.0mg% and 320.7± 12.9mg%) from the initial hyperglycemic level produced by nicotine administration (179.6±12.7mg% and 290.0±12.8mg%). 3. After aministration of ethanol blood sugar level increased invariably in normal mice as well as the diabetic, but the hyperglycemic responses tended to be exaggerated in KK mice. The blood sugar concentartion of normal mice elevated to maximum level (80mg%) in 30 minutes and decreased to its original level in 150 minutes while blood sugar concentration of KK mice rose to maximum level in 60 minutes and did not return to previous level even in 180 minutes. 4. Following nicotine administration in the nicotine-after ethanol group of both normal and diabetic mice, no further hyperglycemic response was observed. It is strongly suggested that hyperglycemic effect of nicotine4 is masked in the ethanol pretreated mice.
고용량 MTX/EMA-CO, 경막내 MTX 및 전뇌방사선 치료로 완전관해된 뇌전이 융모상피암 1예
김재원,박노현,송용상,이효표,강순범,서상수,윤형동,천은경,노주원 대한산부인과학회 2001 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.44 No.1
뇌에 전이된 융모상피암은 항암치료에 불응성인 경우가 많고, 완전관해 이후에도 재발율이 높아 예후가 불량한 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서 환자를 개개인에 적합하게 다양한 치료방법을 적극적으로 적용해야 치료 성공을 기대할 수 있다고 알려져 있다. 저자들은 뇌로 전이된 융모상피암으로 인한 뇌출혈로 두 차례의 응급 개두술과 장천공으로 응급 시험적 개복술을 받은 환자를 대상으로 고용량 MTX/EMA-CO, 경막내 MTX 그리고 전뇌 방사선조사를 시행하여 완전관해에 이른 증례를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Patients of choriocarcinoma with brain metastases are considered to have a very poor prognosis due to chemo-refractoriness and recurrence. So, selection and individualization of patients then followed by multimodality therapy are very important. We present a case of a patient who experienced twice of craniotomies due to intracranial hemorrhage and an emergent explorative laparotomy due to intestinal perforation of the metastatic sites of choriocarcinoma. She was treated with 12 cycles of high-dose MTX/EMA-CO, intrathecal MTX and WBRT. Eventually she has obtained a complete remission that ongoing for 2 years. So, we report this case with a brief review of the literatures.
전진형(Jin Hyoung Chun),박일석(Il Seok Park),이원종(Won Jong Lee),김성동(Sung Dong Kim),오석준(Suk Joon Oh),윤대영(Dae Young Yoon),노영수(Young Soo Rho) 대한두경부종양학회 2001 대한두경부 종양학회지 Vol.17 No.2
Carotid body tumor is a rare benign tumor arising from the paraganglionic tissue of neural crest. Surgical management remains the prefered treatment. Large carotid body tumors frequently encircle the internal carotid and external carotid arteries, and extensive bleeding often complicates the resection, increasing the risk of carotid artery rupture and damage to major cranial nerves. Recent improvements in surgical techniques and selective embolization have lessened the risks of surgical excision, decreased blood loss, and diminished the time required for resection. The review of literatures revealed a few cases of the carotid body tumor with papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. We report a case of the huge carotid body tumor with papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, which was removed by 4 times of preoperative embolization and transcervical approach.
Choi, Chang-Yong,Rho, Seung Bae,Kim, Hyun-Sook,Han, Jihye,Bae, Joonbeom,Lee, Suk Jun,Jung, Woon-Won,Chun, Taehoon Society for General Microbiology 2015 The Journal of general virology Vol.96 No.5
<P>Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the main aetiological agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. The mechanism of pathogenicity associated with PCV2 infection is still not fully understood. Nevertheless, the fact that large amounts of proinflammatory cytokines within lymphoid tissues are released during the early stage of PCV2 infection may induce chronic inflammatory responses followed by the destruction of lymphoid tissues. However, how PCV2 infection causes an excessive inflammatory response in the host immune system during the early stage of PCV2 infection has still not been elucidated. In this study, we show that direct interaction between the PCV2 ORF3 and regulator of G protein signalling 16 (RGS16) within the cytoplasm of host cells leads to ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of RGS16. Facilitated degradation of the RGS16 by PCV2 ORF3 further enhances NFκB translocation into the nucleus through the ERK1/2 signalling pathway and increased IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA transcripts. Consequently, more severe inflammatory responses and leukocyte infiltration occur around host cells. This evidence may be the first clue explaining the molecular basis of how excessive amounts of proinflammatory cytokines within lymphoid tissues are released during the early stage of PCV2 infection.</P>
김준영(Joon-Young Kim),전수환(Soo-Hwan Chun),명노신(Rho-Shin Myoung),김원철(Won-Cheol Kim) 한국항공우주학회 2013 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.41 No.3
항공기 추진 시스템의 IR(infrared; 적외선) 피탐지성 감소 연구를 위해 비행 환경에 따른 플룸 IR 신호의 영향성을 연구하였다. 이를 위해 가상의 아음속 무인기를 선정하고, 임무분석 및 성능 해석을 통해 엔진을 결정한 후 전체 임무를 만족시키는 노즐을 설계하였다. 압축성 CFD 코드를 이용하여 다양한 비행고도와 속도에 따른 열유동장 해석을 수행하였다. 열유동장 해석 결과를 바탕으로 narrow-band 모델을 기반으로 하여 항공기 후방동체 플룸 IR 신호를 계산하였다. 다양한 비행조건에 따른 플룸 IR 신호를 분석하여 항공기 플룸 IR 신호 특성에 관한 정성적 정보를 도출하였다. The plume infrared signature effects at various flight conditions of aircraft were investigated for the purpose of reducing infrared signature level. The nozzle of a virtual subsonic unmanned combat aerial vehicle was designed through a performance analysis. Nozzle and associated plume flowfields were first analyzed using a density-based CFD code and plume IR signature was then calculated on the basis of the narrow-band model. Finally, qualitative information for the plume infrared signature characteristics was obtained through the analysis of the IR signature effects at various flight conditions.
전자회절 Kikuchi Pattern의 전산모사와 그 응용
이원범,박찬로,박찬경,천창환,Lee, Won-Beom,Park, Chan-Rho,Park, Chan-Gyung,Chun, Chang-Hwan 한국현미경학회 1994 Applied microscopy Vol.24 No.4
A computer program has been developed to analyze easily the Kikuchi pattern which is useful in obtaining the crystallographic data of materials. This program can simulate the Kikuchi patterns for 14 Bravais lattice by using the matrix algebra. Convenient menu system was also added to enhance the applications of the program. That is, by varying the tilting angle, camera length (RADIUS) and $S_{max}$ in the menu, various Kikuchi patterns can be obtained. The simulated patterns, then, can be compared with the experimentally-obtained Kikuchi pattern to examine validity of simulation.