컴포머에 대한 복합레진의 전단결합강도에 관한 연구

정송란,최남기,양규호,김선미,송호준 大韓小兒齒科學會 2005 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

컴포머(compomer) 충전물이 파절될 경우 즉, 컴포머 수복이 실패했을 때 기존 컴포머의 파절된 부분(aged compomer)을 복합레진으로 수복해야 하는 경우를 고려해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 컴포머의 표면처리 방법에 따른 수리(repair)를 위한 복합레진과의 전단결합강도 변화를 알아보기 위해 두 개의 mold를 만들어서 Dyract AP, F2000를 컴포머 수복재료로, Z250을 수리용 복합레진 재료로 사용하여 컴포머와 레진을 부착시킨 시편을 제작하였다. 컴포머와 복합레진의 종류 조합, 본딩레진 사용유무, 열순환 처리 유무, 표면거칠기 부여 유무, 기존 수복물의 시효(aging)에 따라 10개의 군으로 나누어, 컴포머와 복합레진간의 전단결합강도를 측정하고 그 파절양상을 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 컴포머의 복합레진에 대한 전단결합강도를 측정한 결과, Dyract AP가 F2000 보다는 높은 전단강도 값을 보였으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었으며 (p>0.05), fresh 컴포머군이 aged 컴포머군보다 결합강도가 높았다(p<0.05). 2. 각 군간의 전단결합강도를 측정한 결과 Dyract AP에 접착제를 도포하고 Z250을 접착시킨 제 5군이 가장 높았으며, Dyract AP를 충전하고 1주일간 물에 보관한 후 건조시켜 표면을 roughening 한 후 Z250을 충전시킨 제 9군에서 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 3. 열순환을 시행한 군이 시행하지 않은 군보다 전단결합강도가 낮게 나타났으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 4. 각 재료들의 결합실패가 일어난 파절단면을 조직학적으로 관찰한 결과, 전반적으로 접착파괴를 보였으나, 접착제를 도포한 군에서는 응집파괴가 우세하게 나타났다. 이상의 결과 fresh 컴포머 위에 접착제를 도포한 다음 수리용 복합레진 재료를 사용함으로써 컴포머와 복합레진간의 결합력을 증가시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 fresh 컴포머 위에 복합레진을 즉시 충전한 경우가 높은 결합력을 얻을 수 있었다. Aged 컴포머와 복합레진간의 성공적인 결합력을 얻으려면 aged 컴포머의 표면을 mechanically roughening하고 접착제를 도포한후 복합레진을 충전해야 할 것으로 사료된다. For the purpose of comparing the bond strengths of compomers to composite resin, composite 2250, and two polyacid modified composite resin, Dyract AP and F2000, were selected and investigated using universal testing machine for measuring the shear bond strengths. Additionally, the failure modes were examined by observing the fractured surfaces of each specimen. The following results were obtained. 1. The shear bond strength of Dyract AP to Z250 were higher than those of F2000, but there was no statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 3(p>0.05), and groups using fresh compomers showed higher bond strength than those using aged compomers(p<0.05). 2. After measuring the shear bond strength of each group, it was highest in group 5 and was lowest in group 9(p<0.05). 3. Although there was no statistically significant difference, groups treated with thermocycling showed lower bond strengths than those of non-thermocycling groups. 4. Overall compomer/composite resin failures were adhesive. Cohesive failures occurred mainly in groups using bonding agent. Based on these results, the application of a bonding agent on fresh polyacid-modified resin composite increases the bond strength between polyacid-modified resin composite and composite resin. Additionally, the surface of aged polyacid-modified resin composite has to be roughened mechanically and a bonding agent has to be used in combination with composite resin.

카드뮴투여가 흰쥐 고환의 조직변화와 단백질변화에 미치는 영향

최송표,김수일,조근자,양은진,김선,박경란,이영호,김원식 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.2

This study was done to investigate histochemical and protein changes in the rat testis I WAT and 3 WAT with 4 mg/kg of cadmium, IP, single injection. A control group and 2 experimental groups were studied. Testes were processed routinely for H&E stain and agarose gel electrophoresis. The results were as follows ; 1. In the histochemical studies, death of all the spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules, and decreased ground substance, decreased fibroblasts and interstitial cells and increased inflammatory cells in the interstitial tissues were found in the cadmium treated groups, and the degree of necrotic changes was more severe in the 3 WAT group. 2. In the biochemical studies, two kinds of proteins, 25 kDa and 45 kDa, were disappeared and one kind of protein, 100 kDa, was decreased after Cd treatment. 25 kDa and 45 kDa proteins were suggested as actin which consist the spermatogenic cells, but what's the protein 100 kDa is unclear. According to the above results, it is considered that there would be irreversible changes in seminiferous convoluted tubules and also in the interstitial tissues after cadmium treatment, and detecting amino acid sequences of these proteins would help understanding the mechanism of necrosis in the testis tissue after cadmium administration.

皇南大塚 新羅冠의 技術的 系譜

李松蘭 한국고대사학회 2003 韓國古代史硏究 Vol.31 No.-

The Silla Crown was made of thin sheets of gilded metal, cut and smoothed using a technique inherited from traditions deriving from the West. This study explores the technical lineage of the Silla Crown, by considering two elements: the gold spangles and many-sided gold beads. I would suggest two propositions about technical elements. First, the crown decorated with spangles, which were made of thin sheets of gold, was accepted from Central Asia through Silkroad. It originated in Bactriau culture. Through the commercial contacts between the Bactrian people and Xianbei(鮮卑) in the Northern China, the crown decorated with spangles was introduced into North China. Silla accepted this technique via Koguryo. Besides the gold spangles, the Crowns of Bactria, Xianbei and Silla have a common element, that is, tree-shaped uprights of which all segments are hand-cut from thin sheet gold. The Bactrian Crown is designed in the form of stylized tree. The uprights of the Xianbei Crown consist of two elements: a pentagon and a tree. Its shape is related to their legendary mountain. The Silla Crown has tree-shaped uprights with 7 or 9 boughs that are highly stylized on the front and sides and two antler-shaped uprights in the rear. Though they have same tree motifs, there are differences according to their inherent cultures. Related to the routes through which the crown decorated with the gold spangles are transmitted, some significant issues are raised. The route for gold spangle coincides with the gold trade route of Silla. Silla grew into a full-fledged kingdom with hereditary kings from the Kim family in the fourth century. Under the rule of Malipkan(麻立干), the gold ornaments began to be worn as the sign of their prestige and was introduced to international society through Koguryo. At that time, golds of Silla wer important items of international trade. Last, we would consider the many-sided gold beads. This technique was applied to two small golden chains, imitations of braids, hanging from either side of the headpiece at the level of the ear. These beads are made with filigree works. Filigree works developed differently according to regional cultures. Through the prosperous sea route from India to southern area of China near to coast, these beads, which were made with small gold rings, were popular for necklaces. From Han(漢) to East Jin(東晋), many-sided gold beads were produced in southern part of China. However, this type of beads was never excavated in the northern part of China. So, we could conclude that many-sided heads were characteristic of filligree works which were transmitted through the East Jin to Three Kingdom. In Korea, many-sided beads appeared as the daggling of earings at Koguryo. And then, in Silla, these beads were used as pendents and earings of the gold crown. In examining the origins of technical lineage of the gold crown, some considerations must be kept in mind: Although Silla actively accepted various international techniques. she took them in her own manner reflecting her cultural surroundings.

古新羅 古墳出土 土偶裝飾土器에 보이는 南方的 要素

李松蘭 동아대학교 박물관 2000 考古歷史學志 Vol.16 No.-

지문과 정신분열증

우숙희,정국동,최송표,조근자,양은진,김수일,박경란,이영호,김원식 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Fingerprint patterns of 333 schizophreniacs who met with the diagnostic criterias of International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia except items associated with chronicity in exclusion criteria were studied, and the following results were obtained. 1. The frequency distribution of the fingerprint patterns in the 333 schizophreniacs was ulnar loop, whorl, twinned loop, arch, radial loop in order in both control and schizophrenia groups. 2. Finger ridge counts of both sexes were decreased significantly in schizophrenia group. 3. Dissociation of fingerprint pattern in the schizophrenia group was 51.1%, which was far greater than 6.25% of control group. Number of dissociation was greatest in the thumb, followed by index, middle, ring, and little finger in order. According to the above results, it is considered that both the number of finger ridges and degree of dissociation of fingerprint patterns were closely related with schizophrenia. Analysis of fingerprints and palmprints with the aid of chromosomal analysis would contribute the early diagnosis and prevention of schizophrenia.

타오란[陶然] 작품에 나타난 홍콩의 장소성

송주란(Song, Ju-Ran) 부산대학교 인문학연구소 2015 코기토 Vol.- No.77

홍콩은 영국의 식민화 과정을 거쳐 기존에 공동체가 형성되지 못했던 무의미한 공간에서 유의미한 장소로 바뀐 대표적인 도시 중 하나이다. 식민지 이전까지 하나의 공동체로 형성되지 못했던 공간으로서의 홍콩은 영국인을 비롯한 서양인 이주민과 중국인 이주민의 유입으로 점차 하나의 공동체를 형성하게 되고, 중국과는 상대적으로 이질적인 성격의 정치?경제?문화?사회를 특징으로 하는 홍콩만의 독자성을 보유한 장소로 변모하게 된다. 이러한 홍콩의 가장 큰 특징은 혼종과 다중 정체성을 들 수 있고, 홍콩 문학에서도 이러한 현상은 쉽게 찾아볼 수 있다. 특히 홍콩 작가 타오란은 그의 작품에서 자신이 경험하고 체득한 홍콩의 특정 장소들에 대한 의미를 과거를 통한 회상과 기억의 방식으로 풀어내고 있는 것이 특징이다. 타오란은 홍콩 문학계에서 남래(南來)작가, 즉 이주 작가로 분류된다. 이는 타오란의 다중적인 신분?문화적 정체성을 보여줌과 동시에 경계인으로서의 특징들을 보여주는 이정표가 될 수 있다. 인도네시아 화교 출신인 타오란은 인도네시아에서 어린 시절을 보낸 후 조국인 중국에서 중?고등학교와 대학을 졸업하게 되고 그 후 피치 못할 이유로 홍콩에 거주하게 된다. 그 당시 그는 물리적 외압에 의해 홍콩으로 쫓겨 온 신세였고, 홍콩은 그에게 있어 단지 잠시 머물다 가야 할 의미 없는 공간에 불과했다. 하지만 그는 점차 의미 없는 공간으로서의 홍콩의 장소들에 대해 삶과 연결된 의미를 부여하게 되고, 그런 과정을 통해 공간 홍콩은 그에게 의미 있는 ‘장소’의 개념으로 인식하게 된다. 그의 작품에는 이런 장소들이 어떻게 자신에게 기억되고 있는 지를 보여주고 있다. 결국 타오란에게 홍콩은 자신의 삶이 영위되는 장소이자 언젠가는 돌아가야 할 곳으로 인식된다. 그리고 이미 그에게 안정된 장소로서의 홍콩 너머에 있는 광대한 공간 즉, 인도네시아와 베이징은 동경의 대상으로 자리 잡고 있다. 이러한 현상을 타오란의 작품을 통해 구체적으로 분석해 보고자 하였고, 타오란이 체험한 홍콩의 구체적 장소들에 대한 의미를 고찰하고자 하였다. Hong Kong is one of the representative cities that changed from a meaningless place to a meaningful one through citizenization policy implemented by Britain. While it could not form a single community before colonization, Hong Kong gradually developed into a single, distinct community as immigrants from China as well as from the West, including Britain, came into the city. Through this process, Hong Kong transformed into a unique place with local impacts, characterized by politics, economy, culture, and the society that are relatively heterogeneous compared to China. Such characteristics of Hong Kong can be found in Hong Kong literature as well. Hong Kong writer, Tao-Ran, is especially characteristic of writing his prose and novels about the local significance of Hong Kong through the reminiscence and recollection of his past. Tao-Ran came from China, who is classified as a migrant writer in the Hong Kong literature. This reveals Tao-Ran’s multiple positional identity and physical marginality. He was forced to live in Hong Kong by external pressure. Thus, for Tao-Ran, Hong Kong was merely a place for his temporary stay. However, he gradually imparted meaning to Hong Kong as a distinct place, and he shows this development of sense of space through his writings. Now, for Tao-Ran, Hong Kong is perceived as a space in which he goes about his daily life and to which he must go back some day. Furthermore, Tao-Ran starts to have a yearning for Indonesia and Beijing that are located in the vast space beyond the stable city, Hong Kong. This study attempted to specifically shed light on this phenomenon through Tao-Ran’s prose and novels and to consider the local meaning of Hong Kong that Tao-Ran experienced.

Toxicity of melissa and savory essential oil constituents against Bemisia tabaci

Song-Hwa Chae,Jun-Ran Kim,Sang-Gyeu Lee,Soon-Il Kim,Young-Joon Ahn 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.10

The toxicity of melissa and savory essential oil constituents against adult Bemisia tabaci was examined using vapor-phase toxicity bioassay. Results were compared with those following the treatment with currently used insecticide dichlorvos. As judged by 24 h LC50 values, thymol (0.59×10-3 mg/cm3) was the most toxic constituent, followed by cavacrol (0.60×10-3 mg/cm3). These compounds were slightly less toxic than dichlorvos (LC50, 0.20×10-3 mg/cm3). Strong activity was also obtained from borneol (LC50, 1.06×10-3 mg/cm3), α-terpineol (1.22×10-3 mg/cm3), geraniol (1.23×10-3 mg/cm3), linalool (1.33×10-3 mg/cm3), lavendulol (1.44×10-3 mg/cm3), nerol (1.52×10-3 mg/cm3), β-citronellol (1.81×10-3 mg/cm3), terpinene-4-ol (1.87×10-3 mg/cm3), 1-octen-3-ol (2.06×10-3 mg/cm3), and citral (2.34×10-3 mg/cm3). The melissa and savory essential oil-derived compounds, particularly thymol and carvacrol, merit further study as potential insecticides for the control of B. tabaci.

The Effect of Pectinase-Assisted Extraction on the Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Polysaccharides from <i>Aster scaber</i>

Song, Young-Ran,Sung, Su-Kyung,Shin, Eun-Ju,Cho, Chang-Won,Han, Chun-Ji,Hong, Hee-Do MDPI 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.19 No.9

<P>The edible and medicinal perennial herb <I>Aster scaber</I> is known to have anticancer, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. However, the biological effects of its polysaccharides are not well understood. Here, we aimed to extract novel polysaccharides with enhanced biological properties from <I>Aster scaber</I> using enzyme-assisted methods. Amylase, cellulase, and pectinase were used to extract enzyme-assisted polysaccharide (ASEP)-A, ASEP-C, and ASEP-P, respectively. The yields, physicochemical properties, and immunostimulatory activities of the polysaccharides were investigated and compared with those of hot water extracted polysaccharide (ASWP). The highest yield (3.8%) was achieved for ASEP-P extracted using pectinase digestion. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and chemical composition analysis revealed that ASWP and three ASEPs were typical acidic heteropolysaccharides, mainly comprising rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, and galacturonic acid. Immunostimulatory activity assays on RAW264.7 macrophages showed ASEP-P to have the greatest immunostimulatory potential in terms of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokine productions and phagocytic activity. ASEP-P administration improved immune-enhancing effects in normal mice by improving the spleen index and splenic lymphocyte proliferation, and in immunosuppressed mice by modulating lymphocyte proliferation, natural killer (NK) cell activity, and leukocyte counts. The ASEP-P derived from pectinase hydrolysate of <I>Aster scaber</I> demonstrated efficacious immunostimulatory properties and has potential applications as an immune stimulator.</P>

Cloning and Characterization of ${\Delta}^1$-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthetase Genes and Identification of Point Mutants in Medicago truncatula

Song, Ki-Hoon,Song, Dae-Hae,Lee, Jeong-Ran,Kim, Goon-Bo,Choi, Hong-Kyu,Penmetsa, R. Varma,Nam, Young-Woo The Korean Society of Crop Science 2007 Korean journal of crop science Vol.52 No.4

To tolerate environmentally adverse conditions such as cold, drought, and salinity, plants often synthesize and accumulate proline in cells as compatible osmolytes. ${\Delta}^1$-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase(P5CS) catalyzes the rate-limiting step of proline biosynthesis from glutamate. Two complete genes, MtP5CS1 and MtP5CS2, were isolated from the model legume Medicago truncatula by cDNA cloning and bacterial artificial chromosome library screening. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that both genes consisted of 20 exons and 19 introns. Alignment of the predicted amino acid sequences revealed high similarities with P5CS proteins from other plant species. The two MtP5CS genes were expressed in response to high salt and low temperature treatments. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that MtP5CS1 was expressed earlier than MtP5CS2, indicating differential regulation of the two genes. To evaluate the reverse genetic effects of nucleotide changes on MtP5CS function, a Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes approach was taken. Three mutants each were isolated for MtP5CS1 and MtP5CS2, of which a P5CS2 nonsense mutant carrying a codon change from arginine to stop was expected to bring translation to premature termination. These provide a valuable genetic resource with which to determine the function of the P5CS genes in environmental stress responses of legume crops.

Poster Session 3 : Eukaryotic gene structure and expression ; Quantitative trait Loci analysis of anxiety-related behaviors in mice

( Ran Song ),( Hye Jin Kang ),( Jin Koo Kim ),( Sang Hyeon Kim ),( Chan Kyu Park ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2001 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2001 No.-