The Malleability of Culture and Leadership Style in East Asia

Ji Li,Ping Ping Fu,Zhiqiang Liu,Y.Y. Chen 한국조직경영개발학회 2008 조직경영개발연구 Vol.1 No.1

글로별 리더십과 조직행동유효성 프로그램 (GLOBE) 의 데이터를 분석하여 우리는 동아시아 국가들 사이에 문화와 리더십 스타일에 차이가 있다는 것을 발견하였다. 이런 차이를 설명하기 위하여 우리는 새로운 이론적 관점인 제도적 공생이라는 관점을 개발하였다. 생물학의 개념에 해당되는 이 제도적 공생의 관점은 상이한 개체 또는 종들이 어떻게 제도적 환경을 포함한 어떤 환경에서 함께 살아가게 되는지를 설명한다. 이 새로운 관점은 제도파 이론에서 보이는 한계들을 극복할 수 있게 한다. 또한 사회문화와 합법적 리더십 스타일을 포함한 사회제도의 동태적인 성격을 이해하는데 도움을 준다. 이 새로운 개념이 학자와 실무자들에게 주는 시사점으로 결론을 맺었다. Analyzing the data collected for the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Program (GLOBE), we found some interesting differences in culture and leadership style among economies in East Asia. To explain these differences, we develop a new theoretical perspective, institutional symbiosis. Developed from a similar concept in biology, the perspective of institutional symbiosis describes how different species or elements closely living together in a certain environment, including institutional environment. This new perspective helps overcome some limitations in the current literature of institutional theory. It can also improve our understanding of the dynamic nature of social institutions, including societal cultures and legitimate leadership style. The paper concludes with a discussion on the implications of this new perspective for researchers and practitioners.

Product Adoption Maximization Leveraging Social Influence and User Interest Mining

( Ping Ji ),( Hui Huang ),( Xueliang Liu ),( Xueyou Hu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.6

A Social Networking Service (SNS) platform provides digital footprints to discover users’ interests and track the social diffusion of product adoptions. How to identify a small set of seed users in a SNS who is potential to adopt a new promoting product with high probability, is a key question in social networks. Existing works approached this as a social influence maximization problem. However, these approaches relied heavily on text information for topic modeling and neglected the impact of seed users’ relation in the model. To this end, in this paper, we first develop a general product adoption function integrating both users’ interest and social influence, where the user interest model relies on historical user behavior and the seed users’ evaluations without any text information. Accordingly, we formulate a product adoption maximization problem and prove NP-hardness of this problem. We then design an efficient algorithm to solve this problem. We further devise a method to automatically learn the parameter in the proposed adoption function from users’ past behaviors. Finally, experimental results show the soundness of our proposed adoption decision function and the effectiveness of the proposed seed selection method for product adoption maximization.

The Value of Reverse Mortgage Loans: Case Study of the Chinese Market

Ping Wang,Ji-Pyo Kim 한국유통과학회 2014 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.1 No.4

This study contributes to addressing the problem of an aging population by providing important information that determines feasible monthly payments for the clients of Chinese reverse mortgage products and by promoting the implementation of reverse mortgages in China. The variables used in this study include mean values obtained from time series data, of the rate of increase of housing prices, and the probability value, interest rate, and mortality rate obtained through the geometric Brownian motion (GBM). For mortality rates, China Life Insurance female mortality rates (2000-2003) were used. This study aims to apply the main variables that affect reverse mortgage products in a monthly payment model based on Chinese financial market conditions, and determine loan values. In this study, Shanghai’s reverse mortgage monthly payments, by age levels, were calculated through the loan-to-value (LTV) and payment (PMT) methods to evaluate the value of the reverse mortgages. Based on the optimal combination of the three factors of payment amount, loan interest rates, and the level of acceptance of prices, efforts must be made to extract the best value for the elderly. Only in this way can the interests of both lenders and borrowers be protected, by increasing the market share and economies of scale of the reverse mortgage industry and effectively improving the living standards of the elderly.

De novo malignancy after liver transplantation

Peng Ji Gao,Jie Gao,Zhao Li,Zhi Ping Hu,Ji Ye Zhu 대한외과학회 2015 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.88 No.4

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of de novo malignancy after liver transplantation (LT) and compare with those among the general Chinese population. Methods: A total of 466 patients who had a minimum follow-up time of 6 months were enrolled in the study. All data of medical records and follow up were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The incidence rate of de novo malignancy was 3.0% (14 in 466 patients). The median elapsed time from transplant to the diagnosis of de novo malignancy was 42 months (range, 6 to 106 months). The cumulative risk for development of de novo malignancy was 1.6%, 2.7%, and 8.2% at 3, 5 and 10 years after LT, respectively. The patients were all male. The types of de novo tumors included digestive system tumor (8 in 14), lung cancer (2 in 14), urologic neoplasm (2 in 14), and hematologic malignant tumor (2 in 14). Over a mean follow-up of 24 months after diagnosis of de novo malignancy, 7 patients (50.0%) died; the overall 5-year patient survival rate was 54.5%. The relative risk of malignancy following LT was 9.5 folds higher than the general Chinese population. Conclusion: The relative risk of malignancy following LT was much higher than the general Chinese population. Digestive system tumor is the most common type of de novo malignancy after LT in China.

ON THE END EXTENDING IN THE HILBERT-HUANG TRANSFORM

Da Ji Huang,Jin Ping Zhao,Ji Lian Su 한국해안해양공학회 1999 학술강연회 발표논문초록집 Vol.1 No.1

Hilbert-Huang transform is powerful method of nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis. Two approaches, mirror periodic and extrema extending method, have been developed for handling the end effects of Hilbert-Huang transform. The mirror periodic method is based on the data distribution at ends. Two mirrors are placed at the extrema of both ends. The data within the mirrors are extended with mirror reflection to obtain a periodic sequence. With this method, the end effects of empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert transform are solved once forever. The mirror periodic method can get best results by placed the mirrors at the extrema, which have symmetric property of the data. Extrema extending method is implemented by adding two maxima and minima at the ends, which are defined by the two consecutive extrema of the data at ends. It is easy to perform and has equally well behalf as mirror periodic method. The extrema method is superior to the mirror periodic method when the data has strong asymmetric waveform.

Effect of a Mangosteen Dietary Supplement on Human Immune Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Yu-Ping Tang,Peng-Gao Li,Miwako Kondo,Hong-Ping Ji,Yan Kou,Boxin Ou 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.4

The effect of a mangosteen product containing multivitamins and essential minerals was tested on immune function and well-being in healthy adults. A randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled study was conducted in 59 healthy human subjects (40–60 years old). Changes from baseline immune function were measured after a 30-day consumption of the mangosteen product and the placebo. The subjects' self-appraisal of their health status was also surveyed. A xanthone-rich mangosteen product intake increased mean values for peripheral T-helper cell frequency (P=.020) and reduced the serum C-reactive protein concentration (P=.014). Increases in peripheral CD4/CD8 double-positive (DP) T-cell frequency and serum complement C3, C4, and interleukin (IL)-1α concentrations were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the placebo group (DP, P=.038; C3, P=.017; C4, P=.031; IL-1α, P=.006). At the end of study, serum IL-1α and IL-1β concentrations in the study group were significantly higher than that in the placebo group (IL-1α, P=.033; IL-1β, P=.04). Furthermore, more participants in the experimental group reported greatly improved overall health status compared with participants receiving placebo (P=.001). The results indicated that the intake of an antioxidant-rich product significantly enhanced immune responses and improved the subject's self-appraisal on his or her overall health status.

Expression of Ang-2/Tie-2 and PI3K/AKT in Colorectal Cancer

Zhang, Ji-Hong,Wang, Li-Hua,Li, Xiang-Jun,Wang, Ai-Ping,Reng, Li-Qun,Xia, Feng-Guo,Yang, Zhi-Ping,Jiang, Jing,Wang, Xiao-Dan,Wen, Chun-Yang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.20

Purpose: To study the expression of angiogenin-2 (Ang-2) and its receptor Tie-2 in colorectal cancer and discuss the possible mechanisms behind this process. Materials and Methods: Using the streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) immunohistochemical method, paraffin sections from 100 colorectal cancer samples and 10 samples from tumor-adjacent normal tissue (> 2 cm from the edge of the gross tumor) were tested for protein expression of Ang-2, Tie-2, PI3K, and AKT. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blots were further used to measure expression of the 4 genes and proteins in 20 freshly-resected colorectal cancer samples and tumor-adjacent normal tissues. Results: In colorectal cancer tissues, the expression of the Ang-2, Tie-2, PI3K, and AKT genes and their proteins was significantly higher than in tumor-adjacent normal tissues. Protein expression in poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma was higher than that in well and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. According to Duke's classification, the protein expression in Stages C and D was significantly higher than that in Stages A and B. In the group with lymphatic metastasis, the protein expression was higher than that without lymphatic metastasis. Conclusions: In colorectal cancer, the expression of the Ang-2, Tie-2, PI3K, and AKT genes and their proteins is markedly higher than those in tumor-adjacent normal tissues. No correlation was observed between protein expression and gender, location, or histologic type. Correlations did exist between protein expression and differentiation level, stage of Duke's classification, and lymphatic metastasis; in colorectal cancer tissues with lower differentiation levels, higher stages of Duke's classification, and lymphatic metastasis, the expression of all 4 proteins was higher. The study of their expression patterns and relationships with aggression and metastasis will provide a valuable experimental foundation for assessing prognosis and targeted therapy of colorectal cancer.

Effect of a Mangosteen Dietary Supplement on Human Immune Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Tang, Yu-Ping,Li, Peng-Gao,Kondo, Miwako,Ji, Hong-Ping,Kou, Yan,Ou, Boxin The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.4

The effect of a mangosteen product containing multivitamins and essential minerals was tested on immune function and well-being in healthy adults. A randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled study was conducted in 59 healthy human subjects (40.60 years old). Changes from baseline immune function were measured after a 30-day consumption of the mangosteen product and the placebo. The subjects' self-appraisal of their health status was also surveyed. A xanthone-rich mangosteen product intake increased mean values for peripheral T-helper cell frequency (P=.020) and reduced the serum C-reactive protein concentration (P=.014). Increases in peripheral CD4/CD8 double-positive (DP) T-cell frequency and serum complement C3, C4, and interleukin (IL)-$1{\alpha}$ concentrations were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the placebo group (DP, P=.038; C3, P=.017; C4, P=.031; IL-$1{\alpha}$, P=.006). At the end of study, serum IL-$1{\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$ concentrations in the study group were significantly higher than that in the placebo group (IL-$1{\alpha}$, P=.033; IL-$1{\beta}$, P=.04). Furthermore, more participants in the experimental group reported greatly improved overall health status compared with participants receiving placebo (P=.001). The results indicated that the intake of an antioxidant-rich product significantly enhanced immune responses and improved the subject's self-appraisal on his or her overall health status.

정관년간(貞觀年間) 『진서(晉書)』의 "세(世)", "민(民)", "연(淵)" 및 "치(治)" 피휘연구(避諱硏究)

계충평 ( Zhong Ping Ji ),최태훈 ( Tae Hoon Choi ) 한양대학교 동아시아문화연구소(구 한양대학교 한국학연구소) 2012 동아시아 문화연구 Vol.52 No.-

『晉書』는 唐나라 太宗의 지시로 房玄齡등이 완성한 晉王朝의 正史이다. 1974년에 北京中華書局에서 출간된 『晉書』 표점 교정본은 자타공인의 영향력을 가진 결정판으로 간주되고 있다. 이 판본은 宋代의 殿本을 중심으로, 그 후 간행된 명청대 판본을 참고 하여 재정리한 것이다. 그러나 이러한 판본도 태생적 한계로 인한 避諱의 문제가 있을 수 있다. 책에는 당태종의 이름 "世"와 "民" 두 글자를 피하는 경우가 적지 않게 존재하며, 이와 동시에 이 두 글자를 피하지 않는 경우가 상당수 나타난다. 그렇다면 왜 이러한 두 가지 현상이 한 책에서 동시에 발생하는 것인가? 房玄齡등이 역사서를 편찬했을 당시 과연 "世"와 "民"字에 대해서 확실히 피하였는가? 혹은 편찬이 된 후에 唐代사람들이 책을 베끼는 과정에 諱를 추가한 것인가? 이 두 글자의 피휘 여부에 대한 연구결과에 따라 초기 『晉書』의 모습을 이해하는데 큰 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다. 특히 貞觀年間『晉書』의 완성 當時의 원형은 과연 어떠했는지 궁금한 것이 사실이다. 唐代의 황제가 바뀔 때마다 피휘 대상 글자가 늘어 날 수 있으며, 책을 정리하는 학자가 많음에 따라 완벽한 교정은 사실상 힘들었을 것이다. 이로 말미암아 『晉書』가 처음 만들어질 당시의 피휘 대상 글자와 1974년 중화서국 판본에서 보이는 모습은 차이가 있음을 짐작할 수 있다. 따라서 필자는 古典文獻을 교감하는 원칙대로 충분한 증명을 통해 貞觀年間『晉書』의 원 모습을 찾아보려 한다. 다만 연구의 범위를 축소하여 앞서 언급한 "世"와 "民"字의 연구에 한정하기로 가겠다. 전해져 내려온 여러 판본의 종합체인 중화서국 『晉書』가 "世"와 "民"자에 대해 어떤 모습을 보여 주었는지를 조사하여 古典文獻學의 입장에서 연구를 진행해 보도록 하겠다. 그 방법은 아래와 같다. 첫째, "世", "民"의 피휘에 관한 태종시의 조령과 관련된 문헌을 살펴보도록 하겠다. 當時의 분위기가 어떠했는지를 알아볼 수 있는 귀중한 기초 자료가 될 것이다. 둘째, 태종 李世民과 아버지 李淵의 이름이 74년 중화서국 본 『晉書』에서 얼마나 피휘되었는지, 그 실례를 조사해 수량을 비교해 보도록 하겠다. 셋째, 『晉書』 74년 본에 등장하는 고종 이름 "治"에 관한 피휘 이유를 다양한 각도에서 논증하도록 하겠다. The author of this paper addresses a question on the irregularities of Bihui phenomena shown in the current volume of 『Jin-shu, 晋書』. The study focuses on "Shi" and "Min" to avoid too wide scopes of the question. The previous literature such as Li, Ci-Ming, Qian, Da-Xin, etc. was introduced and reviewed. The findings of this study are presented in the following. First, the reason why "Shi" and "Min" were used not by following the convention of Bihui is proved that it was based on the order and policy from Taizong. Moreover, it is also proved that the phenomena of Bihui in relation to "Shi" and "Min" were not presented in the other documents at that time. Second, the author using a table compares the phenomena of Bihui in "Yuan" with the one in "Shi" and "Min" shown in 『Jin-shu』. "Yuan" was not used directly because the writer followed the conventional order of Bihui; in contrast, "Shi" and "Min" were used directly in many places. Although the original volume of 『Jin-shu』 was modified later on the basis of another Bihui, the quantitative differences in the cases of "Shi" and "Min" without Bihui can be the evidence proving that Bihui was not already used for "Shi" and "Min" in the times of Taizong. Third, this study analyzes the phenomenon of Bihui in the case of Gaozong`s name, "Zhi" presented in the current volume of 『Jin-shu』. Interestingly, many cases of Pihwi of "Chi" are discovered although 『Jin-shu』 was written in the age of Zheng-Guan when Li, Shi-Min ruled the country. The father of an emperor was even addressed by the original first name without Bihui, to say nothing of the reason why the name of his son should be the case of Bihui. Thus, it makes sense to tell that the case of Bihui of "Zhi" was added by people from the following generations. In conclusion, when Fang, Xuan-Ling and others published 『Jin-shu』, they did not use Bihui for Taizong`s name, "Shi" and "Min" if they were used separately. Furthermore, the cases of Bihui shown in the current volume of 『Jin-shu』 were additionally modified in the process of copying and rewriting of the book by people from the Tang Dynasty.

Mapping QTLs for Grain Quality Using an Introgression Line Population from a Cross between Oryza sativa and O. rufipogon

Ping-Rong Yuan,Shi-Dong Ji,안상낙,김현정,Qiong-Hua Chen,Hong-Guang Ju 한국작물학회 2010 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.13 No.4

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with four milling recovery properties, two chemical properties, six paste properties of grain, and six textural parameters of cooked rice were identified using an introgression line (IL) population of rice developed from an interspecific cross over two years. The IL population consisted of 121 lines from a cross between wild rice (O. rufipogon Griff.) and a japonica cultivar. A total of 28 QTLs were identified for the 14 traits using inter mapping. Of these, 10 were significant over two years indicating that these QTLs are stable across years and environments. For eight (21%) of the QTLs identified, the O. rufipogonderived alleles contributed a desirable effect on amylose content, protein content, minimum viscosity, final viscosity, and consistency. Among these, pc3 for protein content and ac7 for amylose content were significant in both years and showed an R² value of 25.5and 30.9%, respectively. The markers closely associated with these useful alleles can be used to trace the inheritance of specific chromosome segments in the IL population and also offer a starting point for map-based cloning of genes underlying these traits.