2009년 인플루엔자 대유행 중 인플루엔자 진료소 방문자의 연령 분포 변화

김백남,곽이경,문치숙,김연숙,김의석,배인규,염준섭,이창섭,허지안 대한감염학회 2010 감염과 화학요법 Vol.42 No.2

The pandemic influenza (H1N1 2009) virus, after being introduced in Korea in April, 2009, spread rapidly nationwide in mid-2009. This study was conducted to characterize trend in age distribution of visitors to Flu-clinics during the pandemic. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of visitors to flu clinic from Week 36 to 52 (August 30 to December 26) of 2009 were retrieved and collected from electronic databases at 9 hospitals. Visitors 0-6, 7-12, 13-18, 19-29, 30-64, and 65 years or more of age were classified into group I to VI, respectively. A total of 107,467 visitors were seen at Flu-clinics for a 17-week study period. Of those, 32,485 were laboratory-confirmed. Antivirals were prescribed for 62,533 visitors. Numbers of visits, prescriptions of antivirals, and laboratory-confirmed cases of the pandemic influenza (H1N1 2009) peaked at Week 44. A large number of visits by group II and III were followed by those of group I and V, especially around the peak. Numbers of visits by group VI were lowest in all hospitals. In some hospitals, higher number of visits lasted longer in children than in adults while vice versa in other hospitals depending on the location. In summary, the pandemic influenza (H1N1 2009) was presumed to peak in late October and involved majorly children and students in Korea. Unique age distribution of visitors to flu clinic was observed in some hospitals.

飼料作物 Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)品種別 生育狀에 대하여

김무성,노영덕,김세영,백남인,정우진 경희대학교 부설 식량자원개발연구소 1996 硏究論文集 Vol.17 No.-

서로 특성이 다양한 32개의 도입한 Alfalfa품종을 우리나라 중부지역인 충청남도에 재배하여 초장과 건물중 등의 생육상태를 비교, 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 평균초장이 큰 상위 10개 품종들은 Dekalb brand 135 > Diamond > Pioneer brand 581 > Raidor > Pioneer brand532 > Pierce> Nitro > Sparta ) Florida 77 > Sapphire의 품종순 이 며, 초장이 작은 10개 품종을 최하위 순으로 열거하여 보면 Salute < Spredor 2 < LS-1920 < Arrow < Challenger < Milkmaker < Armor < Pioneer brand 545 < Pioneer brand 5262 < Saranac의 품종 순이였다. 2. 총건물 수량이 많은 상위 10개 품종들은 Diamond > Nitro > Dekalb brand 120 > Dekalb brand 135 > Drummer > Saranac > Sapphire > Raider > Magnum > Dekalb brand 167의 품종 순이며, 건물수량이 적은 최하위 순으로 10개 품종은 Milkmaker < Pioneer brand 526 < Pioneer brand 5262 < Salute < Pioneer brand 555 < Decathlon < Pioneer brand 5929 < LS-1920 < Pioneer brand 581 < Husky의 품종들이였다. 3 평균초장과 총건물 수량의 결과를 비교하여 보면 대체로 초장이 우세하였거나, 열세하였던 품 종들이 다소간 건물수량이 우세하거나 열세하였으며, 정비례한 결과는 보이지 아니하였다. 4. 생육상태 및 건물수량이 모두 좋은 품종들은 Diamond, Nitro, Dekalb brand 135, Sapphire, Raidor품종들이며, 우리나라 중서부지역의 재배환경에 적합한 품종으로 사료된다 This study was conducted to select the best adapted alfalfa cultivars among the 32 introduced alfalfa cultivars with different characteristics in Chung-Chong Nam Do, Korea, environmental condition. Mean of plant height and total dry matter yields per cultivar from May to August in 1996 were determined. On the point of mean of plant height, ten high ranked cultivars among the 32 alfalfa cultivars in high order were Dekalb brand 135>Diamond>Pioneer brand 581>Raidor>Pioneer brand 532>Pierce>Nitro>Sparta>Florida 77>Sapphire and ten low ranked cultivars in low order were Salute<Spredor 2<LS-1920<Arrow<Challenger<Milkmaker<Armor<Pioneer brand 545<Pioneer brand 5262<Saranac. Ten high ranked cultivars from 32 alfalfa cultivars on the total dry matter yields in high order were Diamond>Nitro>Dekalb brand 120>Dekalb brand 135>Drummor>Saranac>Sapphire>Raidor>Magnum>Dekalb brand 167 and ten low ranked cultivars in low order were Milkmaker<Pioneer brand 526<Pioneer brand 5262<Salute<Pioneer brand 555<Decathlon<Pioneer brand 5929<LS-1920<Pioneer brand 581<Husky. Total dry matter yields of per cultivar was also slightly greater but It was not appeared direct proportion when alfalfa cultivar was appeared higher mean of plant height compared with those which were lower mean of plant height. Leading alfalfa cultivars for plant growth and dry matter yields were Diamond, Nitro, Dekalb brand 135, Sapphire, Raidor cultivar which can be well grown under moderate temperatures zone of midwest in Korea.

3D 프린팅 기법을 통한 전립샘암 환자의 내부장기 팬텀 제작 및 생체내선량측정(In-vivo dosimetry)에 대한 고찰

서정남,나종억,배선명,정동민,윤인하,배재범,곽정원,백금문,Seo, Jung Nam,Na, Jong Eok,Bae, Sun Myung,Jung, Dong Min,Yoon, In Ha,Bae, Jae Bum,Kwack, Jung Won,Baek, Geum Mun 대한방사선치료학회 2015 대한방사선치료학회지 Vol.27 No.1

목 적 : 본 연구는 3D 프린터를 이용하여 전립샘부위 팬텀을 제작하고 생체내선량측정(In-vivo dosimetry)을 통해 그 유용성을 평가하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 전립샘암 환자의 3차원 치료체적을 바탕으로 3D 프린터(3D EDISON+, Lokit, KOREA)를 이용하여 전립샘과 직장의 체적을 동일하게 모사한 팬텀을 제작하고, 컴퓨터단층촬영(Lightspeed CT, GE, USA)을 통해 팬텀영상을 획득하였다. 전립샘암 환자의 체적과 팬텀의 체적을 비교 한 후, 전산화치료계획시스템(Eclipse version 10.0, Varian, USA)을 이용하여 치료계획을 설계하였다. 팬텀 내 측정지점인 방광(Bladder), 전립샘(Prostate), 직장 위벽(Rectal anterior wall), 직장 아래벽(Rectal posterior wall)의 임의의 지점에 모스펫검출기(Metal OXIDE Silicon Field Effect Transistor, MOSFET)를 위치시켜 선량 측정값과 치료계획을 비교분석 하였다. 결 과 : 전립샘과 직장풍선의 환자체적은 각각 30.61 cc, 52.19 cc 이고, 팬텀체적은 31.12 cc, 53.52 cc로 각 체적의 차이는 3% 미만으로 확인되었다. 모스펫검출기의 정밀도는 3%이내로 측정되었고 선량의 변화에 따라 상관계수 R2 = 0.99 ~ 1.00 의 선형성을 보였다. 네 곳의 측정 지점을 치료계획된 선량과 비교한 결과 방광 1.4%, 전립샘 2.6%, 직장 위벽 3.7%, 직장 아래벽 1.5%로 나타났고 모스펫검출기의 정밀도를 고려한 선량측정의 정확성은 5% 이내로 평가되었다. 결 론 : 본 실험을 통해 3D 프린터를 이용하여 제작한 전립샘 부위 팬텀은 체적의 차이 3% 미만으로, 인체를 모사하는데 효과적으로 사용될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 제작된 팬텀을 이용한 생체내선량측정은 모스펫검출기의 정밀도를 고려하더라도 방광, 전립샘, 직장 위벽, 직장 아래벽의 모든 측정점에서 5% 이내의 정확도로 수행 할 수 있었다. 따라서 3D 프린트를 이용해 제작된 전립샘 부위 팬텀은 생체선량측정을 하는데 있어 매우 유용하였으며 향후 환자에게 직접 적용하기 어려운 부위를 팬텀으로 대체 제작하여 생체내선량측정이 가능할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of a 3D printed phantom for in-vivo dosimetry of a prostate cancer patient. Materials and Methods : The phantom is produced to equally describe prostate and rectum based on a 3D volume contour of an actual prostate cancer patient who is treated in Asan Medical Center by using a 3D printer (3D EDISON+, Lokit, Korea). CT(Computed tomography) images of phantom are aquired by computed tomography (Lightspeed CT, GE, USA). By using treatment planning system (Eclipse version 10.0, Varian, USA), treatment planning is established after volume of a prostate cancer patient is compared with volume of the phantom. MOSFET(Metal OXIDE Silicon Field Effect Transistor) is estimated to identify precision and is located in 4 measuring points (bladder, prostate, rectal anterior wall and rectal posterior wall) to analyzed treatment planning and measured value. Results : Prostate volume and rectum volume of prostate cancer patient represent 30.61 cc and 51.19 cc respectively. In case of a phantom, prostate volume and rectum volume represent 31.12 cc and 53.52 cc respectively. A variation of volume between a prostate cancer patient and a phantom is less than 3%. Precision of MOSFET represents less than 3%. It indicates linearity and correlation coefficient indicates from 0.99 ~ 1.00 depending on dose variation. Each accuracy of bladder, prostate, rectal anterior wall and rectal posterior wall represent 1.4%, 2.6%, 3.7% and 1.5% respectively. In- vivo dosimetry represents entirely less than 5% considering precision of MOSFET. Conclusion : By using a 3D printer, possibility of phantom production based on prostate is verified precision within 3%. effectiveness of In-vivo dosimetry is confirmed from a phantom which is produced by a 3D printer. In-vivo dosimetry is evaluated entirely less than 5% considering precision of MOSFET. Therefore, This study is confirmed the usefulness of a 3D printed phantom for in-vivo dosimetry of a prostate cancer patient. It is necessary to additional phantom production by a 3D printer and In-vivo dosimetry for other organs of patient.

VDT작업별 정신사회적 스트레스와 근골격계 장애에 관한 연구

백남종,강종두,주영수,배인근,권호장,박종만,조수헌,김돈규,김재용,최홍렬 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.4

It has been hypothesized that jobs that have both high psychological demands and low decision latitude("job strain") can lead to musculoskeletal disorder. The objective of this study was to test whether job strain was correlated with the presence of work-related musculoskeletal disorder, especially myofascial pain syndrome(MPS). Information on demographic factors, confounders such as household load and taking care of children or not, and scores for decision latitude, job demand, and social support was obtained by self-administered questionnaire, which had been developed in Korean language, by adopting NIOSH instrument and Extended Karasek Model(16 items). All subjects were also examined by rehabilitation medicine specialists for musculoskeletal disorders. Subjects(n=370) could be categorized into 4 groups, these were, housewives(n=89), shipyard CAD workers(n=89), general female workers(n=79; nurses, insurance counselors, public officials, clerks, etc), and telephone directory assistance operators(n=113). Results from univariate analyses indicated that all demographic factors, all confounders, scores for decision latitude and social support were not associated with the risk of musculoskeletal disorder. However, score for job demand was higher in musculoskeletal disorder cases than others. In subgroup analysis, this association was convinced again, in telephone directory assistance operators. Job strain model showed that the group of telephone directory assistance operators was high-stain group, and OR of musculo skeletal disorder was 2.446(95% C. I. : 1.174, 5.096), when comparing this with the low strain group. In conclusion, job strain is a risk factor for work-related musculoskeletal disorder.

The Ethanol Extract from Artemisia princeps Pampanini Induces p53-Mediated G1 Phase Arrest in A172 Human Neuroblastoma Cells

Eun Young Park,Kyung-Won Lee,이헌우,Young-Wuk Cho,Nam-In Baek,Hae-Gon Chung,정태숙,최명숙,Kyung-Tae Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.2

In the present study, the antiproliferative effects of the ethanol extract of Artemisia princepsPampanini (EAPP)and the mechanism involved were investigated. Of the various cancer cells examined, human neuroblastoma A172 cells weremost sensitive to EAPP, and their proliferation was dose- and time-dependently inhibited by EAPP. DNA flow cytometryanalysis indicated that EAPP notably induced the G1 phase arrest in A172 cells. Of the G1 phase cycle-related proteins ex-amined, the expressions of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2, CDK4, and CDK6 and of cyclin D1, D2, and D3 were found tobe markedly reduced by EAPP, whereas cyclin E was unaffected. Moreover, the protein and mRNA levels of the CDK in-hibitors p16INK4a, p21CIP1/WAF1, and p27KIP1 were increased, and the activities of CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6 were reduced.Furthermore, the expressions of E2F-1 and of phosphorylated pRb were also decreased, and the protein levels of p53 andpp53 (Ser15) were increased. Up-regulation of p21CIP1/WAF1was found to be mediated by a p53-dependent pathway in EAPP-induced G1-arrested A172 cells. When these data are taken together, the EAPP was found to potently inhibit the proliferationof human neuroblastoma A172 cells via G1 phase cell cycle arrest.

A Novel Deposition Method of PLGA Nanoparticles on Coronary Stents

Joo, Jae-Ryang,Nam, Hye-Yeong,Nam, So-Hee,Baek, In-Su,Pakr, Jong-Sang Korean Chemical Society 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.5

Bare metal stents which were used to treat coronary artery disease have several biochemical problems. Polymerbased drug-eluting stents (DES) have opened up a new paradigm in the treatment of in-stent restenosis. Many studies and research programmes have proved that DES can prevent restenosis. In our study, paclitaxel-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles have been deposited along the three dimensional scaffold of coronary stents by a method using self-assembling properties of colloidal particles. We found that the nanoparticles were deposited uniformly and closely packed. The amount of paclitaxel was easily controlled by the drug content of the nanoparticles and the deposition count.

Efavirenz, indinavir, lopinavir, ritonavir의 LC-MS/MS를 이용한 동시 정량법

채정우,배경진,백인환,서정원,이병요,이은주,남진경,강원구,권광일 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2009 藥學論文集 Vol.24 No.-

Efavirenz indinavir and kaleta (co-formulation of lopinavir and ritonavir) are important antiretroviral drugs which have been proved to be human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors and reduced the morbidity and mortality associated with HIV-1 infection. A brief and fast high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS, API 4000) method for the determination of 4 anti-retroviral agents (efavirenz, lopinavir, indinavir, ritonavir) in human plasma was developed and validated. A simple protein precipitation method was used on 100μl of human plasma. And internal standard solution (10 ng/ml methaqualone) 1ml and reconstitution solution (MeOH) 1ml were added. After vortexing for 30 s and centrifuging at 13,200rpm for 10min, 2μl of supernatant was injected into the column (XTerra MS C_(18) column, 2.1mm × 50mm 3.5㎛ particle size). The mobile phase consisted of MeOH and 0.1% formic acid in water (80:20 , v/v). The chromatogram was run for 1.5 min at a flow rate of 300μl/min. A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer was operated in a positive ion mode (lopinavir, indinavir, ritonavir) and negative mode (efavirenz), simultaneously and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used for drug quantification. The precursor-to-product ion transitions of m/z 316→69 (efavirenz) and 629→447 (lopinavir) and 614→421 (indinavir) and 721→296 (ritonavir)were used to measure and quantify the analyte. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 50 ng/ml (efavirenz, indinavir, ritonavir) and 100 ng/ml (lopinavir). The weighted (l/y²) calibration curve was linear over human plasma range 50∼5000ng/ml (efavirenz), 100∼20000ng/ml (lopinavir), 50∼10000ng/ml (indinavir), 50∼2000ng/ml (ritonavir), correlation coefficient(r²) of 4 antiretroviral agents were higher than 0.998. Accuracies and intra-run precisions ranged within 86.60 and 113.29%, 1.06 and 11.16% for all 4 drugs analysed. This analytical method used to determine these drugs was fast and easy to perform, with minimal sample preparation, and without compromising precision and accuracy. The developed method was successful to determine antiretroviral agents in human plasma, and proved suitable for clinical pharmacokinetic study.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens를 이용한 amorpha-4,11-dience 합성 유전자의 상추로의 도입

정귀미,송명종,백남인,박영두 경희대학교식량자원개발연구소 2005 硏究論文集 Vol.24 No.-

Amorpha-4,11-diene synthase(ADS) 유전자를 상추에 도입하기 위해 ADS유전자를 pILTAB357에 삽입하여 binary vector pADS를 제작하였다. 상추 형질전환은 자엽 절편체를 pADS 벡터를 운반하는 A. tumefaciens LBA4404에 접종시키고 MS배지에 200 mg·L 세파탁심과 50 mg·L 가나마이신이 첨가된 선발 재분화배지에서 선발하였다. 선발된 신초는 뿌리 유기 배지에서 뿌리를 유기한 후 뿌리가 발생한 신초는 토양으로 이식하여 재배하였다. 형질전환상추에 T-DNA가 전이되었는지를 확인하기 위해 genomic DNA를 이용하여 PCR과 Southern 혼성화 분석을 실시하였다. PCR 분석 결과 9개의 재분화 개체로부터 기대했던 1.6 kb의 산물을 확인할 수 있었으며 Southern 혼성화 분석 역시 각 재분화 개체에 ADS 유전자가 1개 내지 3개의 copy수로 전이된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 형질전환 상추내의 artemisinin 함량을 GC와 GC/MS 방법으로 분석하였다. Artemisinin 표준물은 retention time이 10분 7초로 나타났으며 이 peak가 artemisinin인지 확인하기 위하여 GC/MS를 측정한 결과 m/z 282가 정확하게 나타나 artemisinin으로 확인되었다. 한편 형질전환 상추와 일반 대조구 상추의 시료도 GC chromatogram에서 artemisinin의 retention time인 10분 7초 부근에서 여러 peak이 겹쳐서 나타났으나 각 peak에 대하여 GC/MS를 측정한 결과 m/z 282을 나타내는 peak는 관측되지 않아 형질전환 상추와 일반 상추에는 artemisinin이 함유되어 있지 않은 것으로 확인되었다. To introduce amorpha-4,11-diene synthase (ADS) gene into lettuce plant, binary vector pADS was constructed by the insertion of an ADS gene to pILTAB357. Cotyledon explants were infected by A. tumefaciens LBA4404 carrying pADS vector to transform lettuce plant with ADS gene. Transformed shoots were selected on selective regeneration medium containing MS salts, 200 mg·L cefotaxim, and 50 mg·L kanamycin. The selected shoots were transferred to rooting medium, and regenerated shoots were transplanted to pots after roots appeared. PCR and Southern hybridization analysis of genomic DNA were performed to confirm expected T-DNA fragments in the transgenic lettuce plants. PCR analysis revealed the presence of the expected 1.6 kb product from the nine regenerants. Southern hybridization analysis also showed that ADS gene was transferred into transgenic lettuce plants with 1~3 copies. Artemisinin in lettuce was identified by GC and GC/MS analysis. Standard artemisinin was found at 10 min 7 sec in the retention time by GC analysis and confirmed m/z 282 by GC/MS. There were several peaks at retention time of both non-transformed and transformed lettuce plants. However, GC/MS analysis showed that peak with m/z 282 was not found in transgenic lettuce plants.

Beam Characterization at the KAERI UED Beamline

Sadiq Setiniyaz,Hyun Woo Kim,In-Hyung Baek,Jinhee Nam,MoonSik Chae,Byung-Heon Han,Boris Gudkov,Kyu Ha Jang,Sunjeong Park,Sergey Miginsky,Nikolay Vinokurov,Young Uk Jeong 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.69 No.6

The UED (ultrafast electron diffraction) beamline of the KAERI’s (the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute’s) WCI (World Class Institute) Center has been successfully commissioned. We have measured the beam emittance by using the quadrupole scan technique and the charge by using a novel measurement system we have developed. In the quadrupole scan, a larger drift distance between the quadrupole and the screen is preferred because it gives a better thin-lens approximation. A high bunch-charge beam, however, will undergo emittance growth in the long drift caused by the space-charge force. We present a method that mitigates this growth by introducing a quadrupole scan with a short drift and without using the thin-lens approximation. The quadrupole in this method is treated as a thick lens, and the emittance is extracted by using the thick-lens equations. Apart from being precise, our method can be readily applied without making any change to the beamline and has no need for a big drift space. For charge measurement, we have developed a system consisting of an in-air Faraday cup (FC) and a preamplifier. Tests performed utilizing 3.3- MeV electrons show that the system was able to measure bunches with pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds at 10 fC sensitivity.

대식세포 Nitric Oxide 발생에 미치는 인삼 Saponin 성분의 영향 : Ⅰ. 총 Saponin 및, Diol-, Triol- 분획에 의한 억제 효과 Ⅰ. Inhibitory Effects of Total, Diol-and Triol-Saponin Fractions

여진연,이성행,김동선,백남인,윤혜영,백광선,이희성,권년수 한국노화학회 1998 한국노화학회지 Vol.8 No.3