Expression of the Na⁺-HCO₃⁻cotransporter and its role in pH_iregulation in guinea pig salivary glands

Li, Jingchao,Koo, Na-Youn,Cho, Ik-Hyun,Kwon, Tae-Hwan,Choi, Se-Young,Lee, Sung J.,Oh, Seog B.,Kim, Joong-Soo,Park, Kyungpyo American Physiological Society 2006 American journal of physiology, Gastrointestinal a Vol.291 No.6

<P>Patterns of salivary HCO3<SUP>−</SUP>secretion vary and depend on species and gland types. However, the identities of the transporters involved in HCO3<SUP>−</SUP>transport and the underlying mechanism of intracellular pH (pHi) regulation in salivary glands still remain unclear. In this study, we examined the expression of the Na<SUP>+</SUP>-HCO3<SUP>−</SUP>cotransporter (NBC) and its role in pHiregulation in guinea pig salivary glands, which can serve as an experimental model to study HCO3<SUP>−</SUP>transport in human salivary glands. RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and pHimeasurements from BCECF-AM-loaded cells were performed. The amiloride-sensitive Na<SUP>+</SUP>/H<SUP>+</SUP>exchanger (NHE) played a putative role in pHiregulation in salivary acinar cells and also appeared to be involved in regulation in salivary ducts. In addition to NHE, NBC also played a role in pHiregulation in both acini and ducts. In the parotid gland, NBC1 was functionally expressed in the basolateral membrane (BLM) of acinar cells and the luminal membrane (LM) of ducts. In the submandibular gland, NBC1 was expressed only in the BLM of ducts. NBC1 expressed in these two types of salivary glands takes up HCO3<SUP>−</SUP>and is involved in pHiregulation. Although NBC3 immunoreactivity was also detected in submandibular gland acinar cells and in the ducts of both glands, it is unlikely that NBC3 plays any role in pHiregulation. We conclude that NBC1 is functionally expressed and plays a role in pHiregulation in guinea pig salivary glands but that its localization and role are different depending on the type of salivary glands.</P>

Functional maturation of lamina propria dendritic cells by activation of NKT cells mediates the abrogation of oral tolerance

Chang, Jae-Hoon,Lee, Jung-Mi,Youn, Hyun-Jun,Lee, Kyoo-A,Chung, Yeonseok,Lee, Ah-Young,Kweon, Mi-Na,Kim, Ho-Youn,Taniguchi, Masaru,Kang, Chang-Yuil WILEY-VCH Verlag 2008 European journal of immunology Vol.38 No.10

<P>We previously showed that although systemic administration of α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer) or agonistic anti-CD40 induced functional maturation of dendritic cells (DC) in mesenteric lymph nodes, only the former treatment succeeded in breaking the induction of oral tolerance. In this study, we looked for the essential factor responsible for the disruption of oral tolerance. We found that lamina propria (LP)-DC was responsible for the oral OVA presentation and that Peyer's patch was not essential for the induction of oral tolerance. Therefore, we investigated the role of LP-DC. Treatment with αGalCer but not with anti-CD40 induced the full maturation of LP-DC at an early time point. This functional activation of LP-DC was mediated by strong activation of NKT cells that reside abundantly in the small intestinal lamina propria (SI-LP) and interferon-γ partially contributed to the LP-DC activation. LP-DC isolated from αGalCer-treated OVA-fed mice induced the differentiation of naïve CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells into Th1 and Th2 and was associated with the reduced Foxp3<SUP>+</SUP> population. In contrast, LP-DC isolated from anti-CD40-treated OVA-fed mice failed to generate Th cell differentiation but induced more Foxp3<SUP>+</SUP> CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells. Our results demonstrate that triggered by NKT cells in SI-LP, functional maturation of Ag-capturing DC from SI-LP is necessary for the abrogation of oral tolerance induction.</P>

칼슘제 수관살포가 참다래의 과실 품질과 저장에 미치는 영향

임경호,나양기,임동근,마경철,조윤섭,김월수,이상현,박용서 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2001 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.36 No.-

This study were carried out to improve Kiwifruit quality and storage life. Three kinds of calcium compound were sprayed and calcium content of fruits, weight loss during fruit storage and fruit quality were investigated. Calcium contents within leaves and fruit were lower in Clef-non treatment than that of control. The calcium content in fruit pericarp of Kalk-H and CaCl2 was 0.04 to 0.05% higher than that of control. Fruit weight and soluble solids content at harvest was a little higher but acidity and fruit hardness was lowered. Fruit weight loss of Kalk-H and CaCl2 treatment was 1.39 to 1.53% lower than that of control during storage. The soluble solids of ripen fruit was 1.0 to 1.3% higher in all treatment and 0.8% higher in Kalk-H treatment in 120 of after storage. Fruit hardness of control fruit was higher at harvest but that of CaCl2 treatmented fruit was 0.39㎏/φ 5㎜ higher in 120 days of storage.

Isolation and characterization of a novel H9N2 influenza virus in Korean native chicken farm.

Lee, Yu-Na,Lee, Dong-Hun,Park, Jae-Keun,Lim, Tae-Hyun,Youn, Ha-Na,Yuk, Seong-Su,Lee, Youn-Jeong,Mo, In-phil,Sung, Haan-Woo,Lee, Joong-Bok,Park, Seung-Yong,Choi, In-Soo,Song, Chang-Seon American Association of Avian Pathologists [etc.] 2011 Avian diseases Vol.55 No.4

<P>An outbreak of avian influenza, caused by an H9N2 low-pathogenic avian influenza virus (AIV), occurred in a chicken farm and caused severe economic losses due to mortality and diarrhea. AIV was isolated and identified in a sample from an affected native Korean chicken. Genetic analysis of the isolate revealed a high sequence similarity to genes of novel reassortant H9N2 viruses isolated from slaughterhouses and live bird markets in Korea in 2008 and 2009. Animal challenge studies demonstrated that the replication kinetics and pathogenicity of the isolate were considerably altered due to adaptation in chickens. Vaccine protection studies indicated that commercial vaccine was not able to prevent virus shedding and clinical disease when chickens were challenged with the isolate. These results suggest that the novel H9N2 virus possesses the capacity to replicate efficiently in the respiratory system against vaccination and to cause severe disease in domestic chickens. The results also highlight the importance of appropriate updating of vaccine strains, based on continuous surveillance data, to prevent the possibility of a new H9N2 epidemic in Korea.</P>

Identification of a New Cytotoxic Biflavanone from Selaginella doederleinii

LEE, Na-Youn,MIN, Hye-Young,LEE, Jun,NAM, Joo-Won,LEE, Yoo-Jin,HAN, Ah-Reum,Adam WIRYAWAN,Wahyu SUPRAPTO,LEE, Sang Kook,SEO, Eun-Kyoung 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2009 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.19

A new biflavanone, 2,2˝,3,3˝-tetrahydrorobustaflavone 7,4´,7˝-trimethyl ether (1) was isolated from the whole plant of Selaginella doederleinii H_(IERON). (Selaginellaceae) together with the known biflavonoid, robustaflavone 7,4´,7˝-trimethyl ether (2) as the cytotoxic constituents against the three human cancer cell lines, HCT, NCI-H358, and K562. The structure of the new compound 1 was elucidated by spectral analysis including various 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments.

Continuing evolution and interspecies transmission of influenza viruses in live bird markets in Korea.

Lee, Hyun-Jeong,Kwon, Ji-Sun,Lee, Dong-Hun,Lee, Yu-Na,Youn, Ha-Na,Lee, Youn-Jeong,Kim, Min-Chul,Jeong, Ok-Mi,Kang, Hyun-Mi,Kwon, Jun-Hun,Lee, Joong-Bok,Park, Seung-Yong,Choi, In-Soo,Song, Chang-Seon American Association of Avian Pathologists [etc.] 2010 Avian diseases Vol.54 No.1

<P>Live bird markets (LBMs) provide an ideal environment for the evolution and interspecies transfer of avian influenza viruses (AIVs). In this study, we analyzed AIVs present in LBMs in Korea during the winter seasons of 2006-08. Sixty-five AIVs that belong to four hemagglutination (HA) subtypes ofAIV (H3, H4, H6, and H9) were isolated from 644 pooled tissue or swab samples collected in LBMs. Most H9 subtypes of AIVs were isolated from Galliformes (chickens, silky fowls, pheasants, and guinea fowls), and other subtypes were isolated from Anseriformes (Pekin ducks and mallards). In addition, we obtained a single H3N2 virus from nasal swabs of dogs sold in LBMs, and the virus was genetically identical to the canine influenza virus (CIV) isolated from pet dogs in Korea. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the Korean H9N2 viruses prevalent in chickens have provided their gene segments to AIVs circulating in ducks. These gene transfers facilitated reassortment events among AIVs and likely generated the ancestors of CIV in Korea. An animal challenge study using chickens, quail, mice, and dogs had shown that the H4 and H6 subtypes could replicate in mice and that some H4 and H6 viruses could replicate in chickens without preadaptation. In addition, two H3 subtype viruses (H3N2 and H3N8) induced interstitial pneumonia that accompanied clinical signs and seroconversion in dogs. Our findings indicate that the newly evolved AIVs have been continuously generated by reassortment in ducks, and these reassortments could result in expanding the host range of AIVs.</P>

[PA-0024] SNP detection and map construction in wild chrysanthemum using genotyping-by-sequencing

Ye-Ji Lee(Ye-Ji Lee),Jae-A Jung(Jae-A Jung),Jung Sun Kim(Jung Sun Kim),Na Hyeong Lee(Na Hyeong Lee),So Youn Won(So Youn Won) 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회 공동학술발표집 Vol.2022 No.-

Characteristics of Writing in Parkinson’s Disease: Focused on Pen Pressure, Letter Size, and Writing Speed

이한솔(Han Sol Lee),윤진영(Jinyoung Youn),조진환(Jin Whan Cho),안종현(Jong Hyeon Ahn),윤지혜(Ji Hye Yoon),나덕렬(Duk L. Na) 한국언어청각임상학회 2020 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.25 No.1

배경 및 목적: 파킨슨병(PD)의 운동 장애는 쓰기 수행에서 글자 크기뿐만 아니라 필압과 속도 측면에도 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 PD의 쓰기 특성을 필압, 크기, 속도를 중심으로 살펴보고자 하였다. 방법: PD 38명과 정상 성인(NA) 25명, 총 63명을 대상으로, 태블릿 PC와 디지털펜을 가지고 필압, 획의 길이, 쓰기 시간을 측정할 수 있는 소프트웨어를 사용하여 점선 따라 그리기와 문장 쓰기 과제를 실시하고, 필압, 글자 크기, 쓰기 속도를 분석하였다. 결과: 점선 따라 그리기 과제에서 필압은 두 집단 간 차이가 없었고, 쓰기 속도는 PD 집단이 NA 집단 보다 느렸다. 문장 쓰기 과제에서 PD 집단이 NA 집단 보다 필압이 저하되고, 글자 크기가 작으며, 쓰기 속도가 느렸다. 두 집단은 공통적으로 글자 크기와 쓰기 속도 간의 정적 상관이 나타났으며, PD 집단은 필압과 쓰기 속도 간의 정적 상관도 나타났다. 논의 및 결론: 본 연구 결과는 PD로 인하여 강도, 크기, 속도 등의 운동 능력을 조절하는 것의 어려움이 쓰기 수행 시 필압, 글자 크기, 쓰기 속도로 반영될 수 있음을 보여준다. 본 연구는 그간 글자 크기에만 초점이 맞추어졌던 PD의 쓰기 특성에서 필압이나 쓰기 속도와 같이 다양한 요소를 측정하는 것이 중요함을 확인하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다. Objectives: Movement disorders in Parkinson’s disease (PD) can affect not only letter size but also pen pressure and writing speed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of writing with focus on pressure, size, and speed in PD. Methods: Sixty-three subjects (38 in a PD group and 25 in a normal adult [NA] group) performed tasks involving drawing along dotted lines and sentence writing using a tablet PC, digital pen, and software that could measure pen pressure, stroke length, and duration. Results: In the task involving drawing along a dotted line, the PD group showed significantly slower writing speed compared with the findings in the NA group. Additionally, in the task involving sentence writing, the PD group showed significantly weaker pen pressure, smaller letter size, and slower writing speed compared with the NA group. Moreover, both groups showed a positive correlation between letter size and writing speed, but only the PD group showed a positive correlation between pen pressure and writing speed. Conclusion: Difficulty in motor control of strength, size, speed, etc. owing to PD is reflected in pen pressure, letter size, and writing speed when performing a writing task. Our results show an importance in measuring multiple factors such as pen pressure and writing speed in the characteristics of writing in PD, which has until now, has been focused only on letter size.

A crucial role for reactive oxygen species in RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation

Lee, Na Kyung,Choi, Young Geum,Baik, Ji Youn,Han, Song Yi,Jeong, Dae-won,Bae, Yun Soo,Kim, Nacksung,Lee, Soo Young American Society of Hematology 2005 Blood Vol.106 No.3

<B>Abstract</B><P>Signaling by receptor activator of NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB) ligand (RANKL) is essential for differentiation of bone marrow monocyte-macrophage lineage (BMM) cells into osteoclasts. Here, we show RANKL stimulation of BMM cells transiently increased the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through a signaling cascade involving TNF (tumor necrosis factor) receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 6, Rac1, and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase (Nox) 1. A deficiency in TRAF6 or expression of a dominant-interfering mutant of TRAF6 blocks RANKL-mediated ROS production. Application of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or blocking the activity of Nox, a protein leading to the formation of ROS, with diphenylene iodonium (DPI) inhibits the responses of BMM cells to RANKL, including ROS production, activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and osteoclast differentiation. Moreover, both RANKL-mediated ROS production and osteoclast differentiation were completely blocked in precursors depleted of Nox1 activity by RNA interference or by expressing a dominant-negative mutant of Rac1. Together, these results indicate that ROSs act as an intracellular signal mediator for osteoclast differentiation.</P>

Molecular mechanism of Jmjd3‐mediated interleukin‐6 gene regulation in endothelial cells underlying spinal cord injury

Lee, Kwanghyun,Na, Wonho,Lee, Jee Youn,Na, Jungtae,Cho, Heejung,Wu, Hongjin,Yune, Tae Young,Kim, Won‐,Sun,Ju, Bong‐,Gun Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012 Journal of Neurochemistry Vol.122 No.2

<P><I>J. Neurochem.</I> (2012) <B>122</B>, 272–282.</P><P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The inflammatory response contributes substantially to secondary injury cascades after spinal cord injury, with both neurotoxic and protective effects. However, epigenetic regulations of inflammatory genes following spinal cord injury have yet to be characterized thoroughly. In this study, we found that histone H3K27me3 demethylase Jmjd3 expression is acutely up‐regulated in blood vessels of the injured spinal cord. We also observed up‐regulation of <I>Jmjd3</I> gene expression in bEnd.3 endothelial cells that were subjected to oxygen‐glucose deprivation/reperfusion injury. When <I>Jmjd3</I> was depleted by siRNA, oxygen‐glucose deprivation/reperfusion injury‐induced up‐regulation of IL‐6 was significantly inhibited. In addition, Jmjd3 associated with NF‐κB (p65/p50) and CCAAT‐enhancer‐binding protein β at the <I>IL‐6</I> gene promoter. The recruitment of Jmjd3 coincided with decreased levels of tri‐methylated H3K27 as well as increased levels of mono‐methylated H3K27 at the <I>IL‐6</I> gene promoter. Furthermore, <I>Jmjd3</I> depletion did not result in significant changes of methylation level of H3K27 at the <I>IL‐6</I> gene promoter. Collectively, our findings imply that Jmjd3‐mediated H3K27me3 demethylation is crucial for <I>IL‐6</I> gene activation in endothelial cells, and this molecular event may regulate acute inflammatory response and integrity of the blood‐spinal cord barrier following spinal cord injury.</P>