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Hwang, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Hoyeun,Jeong, Young-Min,Choi, Monica Y.,Lee, So-Young,Kim, Sang-Gu Oxford University Press 2011 Journal of experimental botany Vol.62 No.13
<P>In <I>Arabidopsis</I>, inflorescence stem formation is a critical process in phase transition from the vegetative to the reproductive state. Although inflorescence stem development has been reported to depend on the expression of a variety of genes during floral induction and repression, little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in the control of inflorescence stem formation. By activation T-DNA tagging mutagenesis of <I>Arabidopsis</I>, a dominant gain-of-function mutation, <I>eve1-D</I> (<I>eternally vegetative phase1-Dominant</I>), which has lost the ability to form an inflorescence stem, was isolated. The <I>eve1-D</I> mutation exhibited a dome-shaped primary shoot apical meristem (SAM) in the early vegetative stage, similar to that seen in the wild-type SAM. However, the SAM in the <I>eve1-D</I> mutation failed to transition into an inflorescence meristem (IM) and eventually reached senescence without ever leaving the vegetative phase. The <I>eve1-D</I> mutation also displayed pleiotropic phenotypes, including lobed and wavy rosette leaves, short petioles, and an increased number of rosette leaves. Genetic analysis indicated that the genomic location of the <I>EVE1</I> gene in <I>Arabidopsis thaliana</I> corresponded to a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) F4C21 from chromosome IV at ∼17cM which encoded a novel ubiquitin family protein (At4g03350), consisting of a single exon. The EVE1 protein is composed of 263 amino acids, contains a 52 amino acid ubiquitin domain, and has no glycine residue related to ubiquitin activity at the C-terminus. The <I>eve1-D</I> mutation provides a way to study the regulatory mechanisms that control phase transition from the vegetative to the reproductive state.</P>
A Ge inverse opal with porous walls as an anode for lithium ion batteries
Song, Taeseup,Jeon, Yeryung,Samal, Monica,Han, Hyungkyu,Park, Hyunjung,Ha, Jaehwan,Yi, Dong Kee,Choi, Jae-Man,Chang, Hyuk,Choi, Young-Min,Paik, Ungyu The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.5 No.10
<P>Germanium holds great potential as an anode material for lithium ion batteries due to its large theoretical energy density and excellent intrinsic properties related to its kinetics associated with lithium and electrons. However, the problem related to the tremendous volume change of Ge during cycling is the dominant obstacle for its practical use. The previous research has focused on the improvement in mechanics associated with lithium without consideration of the kinetics. In this study, we demonstrate that the configuration engineering of the Ge electrode enables the improvement in kinetics as well as favorable mechanics. Two types of Ge inverse opal structures with porous walls and dense walls were prepared using a confined convective assembly method and by adjusting Ge deposition parameters in a chemical vapor deposition system. The Ge inverse opal electrode with porous walls shows much improved electrochemical performances, especially cycle performance and rate capability, than the electrode with dense walls. These improvements are attributed to a large free surface, which offers a facile strain relaxation pathway and a large lithium flux from the electrolyte to the active material.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A Ge inverse opal with porous walls shows excellent electrochemical performances due to a large free surface, which offers a facile strain relaxation pathway and a large lithium flux from the electrolyte to the active material. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2ee22358a'> </P>
( Yu Mee Wee ),( Heounjeong Go ),( Monica Young Choi ),( Hey Rim Jung ),( Yong Mee Cho ),( Young Hoon Kim ),( Duck Jong Han ),( Sung Shin ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2019 BMB Reports Vol.52 No.9
Despite reports suggesting that tissue-resident natural killer (trNK) cells cause ischemic kidney injury, their contribution to the development of tubulointerstitial fibrosis has not been determined. This study hypothesized that the depletion of trNK cells may ameliorate renal fibrosis by affecting transglutaminase 2/syndecan-4 interactions. Aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) was induced in C57BL/6 mice as an experimental model of kidney fibrosis. The mice were treated with anti-asialo GM1 (ASGM1) or anti-NK1.1 antibodies to deplete NK cells. Although both ASGM1 and NK1.1 antibodies suppressed renal NKp46<sup>+</sup>DX5<sup>+</sup> NK cells, renal NKp46<sup>+</sup>DX5<sup>-</sup> cells were resistant to suppression by ASGM1 or NK1.1 antibodies during the development of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the AAN-induced mouse model. Western blot analysis showed that both antibodies increased the expression of fibronectin, transglutaminase 2, and syndecan-4. These findings indicate that trNK cells played an exacerbating role in tubulointerstitial fibrosis by activating transglutaminase 2 and syndecan-4 in the AAN-induced mouse model. [BMB Reports 2019; 52(9): 554-559]
Yu-Mee Wee,Hae-Won Lee,Monica Young Choi,Hey Rim Jung,Ji Yoon Choi,Hyun Wook Kwon,Joo Hee Jung,Young Hoon Kim,Duck Jong Han,Sung Shin 한국간담췌외과학회 2018 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.22 No.4
Backgrounds/Aims: Compared with a single urinary biomarker, a composite of multiple urinary biomarkers may be more helpful for differentiating tubulointerstitial inflammation from interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IFTA) in kidney allografts. Methods: In this cross-sectional cohort study, we collected urine samples from 115 patients with for-cause biopsy, 53 patients with stable allografts, and 50 living kidney donors. We measured the urinary levels of transglutaminase 2 (TG2), syndecan-4 (SDC4), alpha 1 microglobulin (A1M), interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Results: The for-cause biopsy group showed significantly higher levels of log<SUB>e</SUB>TG2/Cr, log<SUB>e</SUB>A1M/Cr, log<SUB>e</SUB>IL-6/Cr, and log<SUB>e</SUB>MCP-1/Cr compared with other groups. In the for-cause biopsy group, log<SUB>e</SUB>TG2/Cr level was positively correlated with the severity of IFTA. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and the interval between kidney transplant and biopsy, TG2 and the interval between transplant and biopsy were significantly correlated variables for the severity of IFTA. Regarding tubulointerstitial inflammation, Body mass index, TG2, SDC4, and IP-10 were positively-correlated variables, and MCP-1 and the interval between transplant and biopsy were negatively-correlated variables. Conclusions: Our results show that post-transplant urinary levels of TG2, SDC4, MCP-1 and IP-10 may be a useful biomarker for tubulointerstitial inflammation and IFTA.
Jee Yeon Kim,Yu-Mee Wee,Monica Young Choi,Hey Rim Jung,Ji Yoon Choi,Hyun Wook Kwon,Joo Hee Jung,Yong Mee Cho,Heounjeong Go,Minkyu Han,Young Hoon Kim,Duck Jong Han,Sung Shin 대한외과학회 2019 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.97 No.1
Purpose: Transglutaminase type 2 (TG2) is an extracellular matrix crosslinking enzyme with a pivotal role in kidney fibrosis. We tested whether quantification of urinary TG2 may represent a noninvasive method to estimate the severity of kidney allograft fibrosis. Methods: We prospectively collected urine specimens from 18 deceased donor kidney transplant recipients at 1-day, 7-day, 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month posttransplant. In addition, kidney allograft tissue specimens at 0-day and 6-month posttransplant were sampled to analyze the correlation of urinary TG2 and kidney allograft fibrosis. Results: Thirteen recipients had increased interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) scores at the 6-month protocol biopsy (IFTA group). The mean level of urinary TG2 in the IFTA group was higher compared to that of 5 other recipients without IFTA (no IFTA group). Conversely, the mean level of urinary syndecan-4 in the IFTA group was lower than levels in patients without IFTA. In the IFTA group, double immunofluorescent staining revealed that TG2 intensity was significantly upregulated and colocalizations of TG2/heparin sulfate proteoglycan and nuclear syndecan-4 were prominent, usually around tubular structures. Conclusion: Urinary TG2 in early posttransplant periods is a potent biomarker for kidney allograft inflammation or fibrosis.
Wee, Yu-Mee,Jung, Joo-Hee,Kim, Yang-Hee,Choi, Monica-Y,Kim, Young-Hoon,Choi, Do-Sook,Cho, Myung-Hwan,Han, Duck-Jong SAGE Publications 2016 Experimental biology and medicine Vol.241 No.11
<P>The goal of this study was to identify immunological markers for use in antigen-specific assays that predict long-term survival after renal allograft and distinguish stable-functioning (SP) patients from poorly functioning (PP) patients. For this prospective study, 20 patients were enrolled. Eight SP and six PP patients were enrolled in this study. Serum cytokine/chemokine levels were analyzed by the Luminex multiplex assay. To detect indirect alloreactive T cells, we performed indirect mixed lymphocyte reaction using donor-antigen-pulsed autologous dendritic cells as stimulators. Serum induced protein-10 levels were significantly higher in the serum of PP patients, whereas sCD40L levels were higher in SP patients. The PP patients had significantly higher numbers of donor-specific CD4(+)CD43(high)CD45RO(+) T cells after indirect allostimulation, whereas this cell population was unchanged in SP patients. The donor-specific CD4(+)CD43(high)CD(45)RO(+) T cells had the effector memory T cell phenotype. Prospectively, we studied whether these cells influence graft outcome and found that their strong proliferation in pre-transplant patients is related to a poorly functioning graft. Indirectly allostimulated CD4(+)CD43(high)CD45RO(+) T cells may not only contribute to chronic allograft nephropathy development but may also have a role in the progression of acute rejection. Thus, these cells may have potential use as immune-monitoring markers in a noninvasive in vitro assay that predicts graft outcome.</P>
Wee, Yu-Mee,Lim, Dong-Gyun,Kim, Yang-Hee,Kim, Jin-Hee,Kim, Song-Cheol,Yu, Eunsil,Park, Myung-Ok,Choi, Monica Young,Park, Youn-Hee,Jang, Hyuk-Jai,Cho, Eun-Young,Cho, Myung-Hwan,Han, Duck-Jong SAGE Publications 2008 CELL TRANSPLANTATION Vol.17 No.10
<P>The necessity to transplant islet tissue without the need for immunosuppressant therapy has led to the development of materials for immune modulation. Pegylation makes islets antigenically silent, protecting them from the adsorption of foreign protein and thus avoiding immune injury. The aim of this study is to determine whether pegylation of islets prolongs islet survival and function both during tissue culture and posttransplantation. We used cyanuric chloride-activated methoxy-polyethylene glycol for cell surface modification. To detect the pegylation effect on splenocytes, we measured antibody binding inhibition and abrogation of lymphocyte proliferation. To detect the pegylation effect on islet grafts, we performed rodent islet transplantation. Islet viability and function were maintained after pegylation. Pegylated islets showed a 90% decrease in antibody binding and decreased lymphocyte proliferation in a mixed lymphocyte culture. However, when pegylated islets were transplanted, no prolongation of graft survival was observed. When a subtherapeutic dose of immunosuppressant was given at the time of transplantation of pegylated islets, islet graft survival was significantly prolonged. In addition, when rats were sensitized with donor splenocytes, graft survival was prolonged by pegylation. We observed that pegylation of islets, combined with a subtherapeutic dose of immunosuppressant, protects the graft from rejection. Prolonged graft survival in sensitized recipients showed that pegylation of islets shifted the pattern of rejection from an acute humoral response to a less aggressive cellular alloresponse.</P>