위암 환자의 복강내 투여를 위한 Activated Charcoal-Alginate Bead 제형으로부터 Mitomycin C의 용출 거동

이진호,최선웅,서중기,김동민,정경수,오정연,김진향,노승무,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,강대영,송규상,양준묵,조준식,정현용,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Locoregional recurrence is the most common type of recurrence in surgical operation of gastric adenocarcinoma, and peritoneal dissemination is one of the most difficult problems in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma treatment. Because the peritoneal cavity is the most common site of the first recurrence after gastric cancer resection, intraperitoneal chemotherapy seems a logical choice for cancer chemotherapy. In this study, Mitomycin C (MMC)-activated charcoal (CH)-alginate (ALG) beads were prepared by the mixtures of CH particles adsorbed with MMC as an anti-cancer drug and aqueous alginate solution. The alginate is recognized as biodegradable, nontoxic, and biocompatible. The release of MMC from the beads in 0.1 M Tris buffer was stable and continuous until about 1 week. The MMC-CH-ALG beads can be applied in the peritoneal cavity for intraperitoneal chemotherapy since they provide a good adhesiveness on the tissue and controlled release pattern of the drugs.

大岩山의 植物相

閔雄基,張珍成,全正壹,金輝,崔道烈,鄭承洙 서울대학교 수목원 2000 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.20

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of Mts. Dae-am, Dae-woo, Baek-suk, and Sa-myung located on the east side of DMZ in province Yang-gu-gun, from July 1999 to August 2000. Although two hundred and fifty eight vascular plant taxa (70 families 167 genera) were recorded, this was only a part of representatives in this community because of the restrictin of collections within the military zone. The overall forest stand age of this area was 40 to 50 years, but occasionally ca 70 years old trees were found. We reported 11 taxa of the rare and endangered species proposed by the Ministry of Environment in this area. The Yong-neup, the only high altitude (alt. 1,200m) moore in south Korea, are located in the peak of Mt. Dae-am-san. Some species of this moore (Carex chordorrhiza Ehrh., Carex limosa L., and Gentiana jamesii Hemsl.) - were only found in south Korea. This moor would suffer vegetation change by natural moorland succession and human disturbances. The long-term monitoring of variation of annual vegetation, species distribution, numbers and distribution pattern of individuals of rare species are recommended for the wetland conservation.

고령 작업자를 위한 농작업 편이장비의 인간공학적 개선에 관한 연구

이창민,오연주,김대웅,유중현,신광현 東義大學校産業技術開發硏究所 2009 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.23 No.-

우리나라의 농업은 작업자의 고령화와 여성작업자의 증가 그리고 비정형화로 구성된 작업형태로 인해 근골격계질환의 위험성이 매우 높은 업종이다. 특히 과수업은 작업점이 작업자의 머리위에서 형성되어 지속적으로 이루어지고, 수확기에는 작업량이 집중되어 농업분야 중에서도 근골격계질환의 유병율이 가장 높게 나타난다. 본 연구에서는 고령농작업자에게 집중적으로 발생되는 근골격계질환을 예방하기 위해 수확기에 집중되는 대표작업 세 가지 운반 작업, 선별작업 그리고 포장작업을 선정하여 유해요인을 분석하고 공학적 개선책을 제시하고자 한다. 배농업의 수확기 작업에서 근골격계질환 유해요인으로 나타나는 중량물 운반 작업과 불필요한 작업 자세를 개선할 수 있는 자바라 컨베이어 벨트와 높이조절식 작업대의 도입을 통하여 고령 작업자뿐만 아니라 여성 작업자들이 효율적인 시스템에서 안전하게 작업할 수 있기를 기대하며 근골격계질환 발생으로 인한 사회․경제적 손실도 감소시킬 수 있을 것이다.

애니메이션에 나타난 남성 중심적 시선의 전복 연구 : 조안나 퀸과 앨리슨 스노우덴의 작품을 중심으로

고민정,김재웅 영상예술학회 2010 영상예술연구 Vol.16 No.-

영국 애니메이션의 황금기라고 일컬어지는 1980년대 중반에서 1990년대 중반에 이르는 기간 동안 여성 감독들에게 우호적인 환경이 마련되었다. 조안나 퀸(Joanna Quinn)과 앨리슨 스노우덴(Alison Snowden)은 이 시기에 활동을 시작했는데, 세계적으로 명성이 높은 안시 국제 애니메이션 페스티벌에서 스노우덴의 <2급 우편>(Second Class Mail)이 1984년에, 퀸의 <걸즈 나잇 아웃>(Girls’ Night Out)이 1987년에 각각 수상했다. 이 두 작품은 남성 중심적 시선에 따른 여성 재현이라는 기존 관습을 전복하는데, 퀸과 스노우덴은 이후에도 90년대 중반까지 이와 비슷한 경향의 작품들을 제작했다. 존 버거와 로라 멀비의 지적처럼, 여성을 대상화하는 남성 중심적 시선은 가부장제와 자본주의 사회에서 구조화된 시각양식이며 이것은 회화, 사진, 주류영화 뿐 아니라 밥 고드프리(Bob Godfrey)와 텍스 에이버리(Tex Avery)와 같은 남성 감독의 애니메이션에서도 지속적으로 나타난다. 그러나 조안나 퀸과 앨리슨 스노우덴은 밥 고드프리와 텍스 에이버리의 섹스 코미디를 패러디하여 기존의 회화와 애니메이션에서 재생산되던 남성 주체와 여성 대상이라는 관습을 전복한다. 여성 캐릭터들은 더 이상 성적 대상으로 머무르지 않고 스스로 욕망하는 주체이자 욕망을 성취하기 위해 행동하는 존재로서 남성 캐릭터를 밀어내고 그의 행동을 그대로 재연한다. 반면 시선의 주체인 남성은 성적 대상으로 전락한다. 그러나 남녀의 역할 전도를 통한 남성 중심적 시선의 전복은 오히려 성적 이분법을 강화하기 때문에 진정한 의미에서 전복이라고 할 수 없다. 퀸과 스노우덴의 시도는 남성적 시선에 반대되는 여성적 시선을 제시한다기보다는 이미 익숙하게 몸에 배어 있어서 당연시하게 되는 기존 관습의 존재 자체를 깨닫게 만드는 역할을 한다. 애니메이션은 다른 ‘진지한’ 예술들과 달리 관습을 깨고 변형시키는데서 새로운 유머를 생산할 수 있기 때문에, 지배적 재현을 해체하는 것은 일종의 전략적 실천으로서 유머를 창조하는 수단으로 작용할 수 있었다. There was a supportive environment for female filmmakers from the mid- 1980s to the mid-1990s, the so-called “golden age of animated film in the U.K.” In those days, Joanna Quinn and Alison Snowden began to create their own works. Both Snowden’s Second-Class Mail (1984) and Quinn’s Girls’ Night Out (1987) won the best-animated-film award and three other awards at the Annecy International Animated-Film Festival. In their respective works, they subverted the traditional representation of women as merely objects of the male sexual desire. Quinn and Snowden came up with a series of animations with the same subject until the mid-1990s. According to John Berger and Laura Mulvey, the male gaze, which is brought about by patriarchy and capitalism, is reproduced in photos and in the mainstream and animated films of male filmmakers. The works of Quinn and Snowden, however, which spoof the sex comedies of Bob Godfrey and Tex Avery, subvert the tradition of the male subject and the female object. In their works, the female characters are not depicted as objects of the male sexual desire. They reenact the male character’s role to make desire a subject, and a male who becomes the target of a gaze even just once may be degraded into an object of sexual desire. There is no true subversion, however, of the changing roles between men and women in the works of the two female filmmakers because their works actually further reinforce the sexual dichotomy. Quinn and Snowden’s attempts do not make the female gaze contradictory to the male gaze but make people realize the traditional representation of women. Contrary to serious art, it is a strategic practice to break dominant representations and to create new humor in animated films.

음향방출을 이용한 저어널 베어링의 조기파손감지(Ⅱ) : Part Ⅱ : Intervention of Foreign Particles in Lubrication 윤활유 이물질 혼입의 영향 및 감시

권오양,윤동진,김경웅,정민화 韓國非破壞檢査學會 1994 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.14 No.2

일반적으로 회전기기의 저어널 베어링 부분은 윤활유 공급의 부족이나 윤활층에 이물질이 혼입되면 시스템의 고장이나 가동중단 등의 원인이 되기도 한다. 따라서 베어링 손상에 기인하는 사고와 관련된 안전운전 문제와 유지비용의 절감을 위해 여러가지 파괴 및 비파괴시험법들이 사용되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 저어널 베어링에서 가장 발생하기 쉬운 윤활층에의 이물질이 혼입에 의해 야기되는 베어링 파손의 조기검출을 위해 음향방출 기술을 적용하였으며, 전보의 연구에 이어 좀더 정량적이고 체계적인 실험을 수행하였다. 실험실용으로 직접 제작한 모의베어링 시스템을 이용하여 여러 형태의 인위적인 이물질 흔입 상태를 만들어 실험하였으며 베어링 손상 및 결함 형태의 해석을 위해 AE rms level, 파형분석, AE 변수 등의 여러 파라메터를 사용하여 분석 고찰하였다. 그 결과 AE rms level의 변화가 이물질 흔입의 영향에 민감함을 보여주었으며 AE변수등 다른 정보들로부터 손상 원일별로 신호형태를 확인할 수 있었다. Journal bearings in the rotating machineries are vulnerable to the contamination or the insufficient supply of lubricating oil, which is likely to be the cause of unexpected shutdown or malfunction of these systems. Various destructive and nondestructive testing methods had been used for the reduction of maintenance cost and the operational safety problems due to the accidents related to bearing damages. In this experimental approach, acoustic emission monitoring in employed to the detection of incipient failure caused by intervention of foreign particles most probable in the journal bearing systems. Experimental schedules for the intervention of foreign particles was composed to be more quantitative and systematic than last study in consideration of minimum oil film thickness and particle size . The experiment was conducted under such designed conditions as inserting alumina particles to the lubrication layer in the simulated journal bearing system. Several parameters such as AE rms level, waveform, AE energy distribution and other AE event parameter are used for analysis and characterization of damage source. The results showed that the history of damage was well correlated with the changes of AE rms level and the types of damage source signal can be verified using other informations such an waveform, distribution of AE parameter etc.

Fentanyl과 Lidocaine이 기관내삽관에 의한 혈역학적 변동에 미치는 영향

김원홍,정성수,임웅모,정선민 대한마취과학회 1990 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.23 No.3

Tracheal intubation is accompanied by varying degrees of sympathetic stimulation as reflected by increases in heart rate and blood pressure. Several clinical trials to reduce the effects on blood pressure and heart rate by pharmacologic agents such as α and β blockers, calcium channel blockers, narcotics and lidocaine, have been reported. To evaluate the effect of fentanyl and lidocaine on the hemodynamic changes induced by intubation, we administered thiopental 5 mg/kg only (group 1), fentanyl 3 ug/kg with thiopental 4 mg/kg (group 2) or fentanyl 3 ug/kg-lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg with thiopental 4 mg/kg (group 3) for induction of anesthesia, and measured heart rate, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, mean pressure and rate- pressure products before induction, after induction and at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 minutes after intubation. 1) In group 1, intubation caused a significant increase in heart rate (27%), blood pressure (31%) and RPP (64%) at 1 min after intubation, but each paramenter returned to the normal levewithin 7 min. 2) In group 2, increases in heart rate, blood pressure and RPP with intubation were attenuated by fentanyl. 3) In group 3, the increase in heart rate induced by intubation was abolished by fentanyl-lidocaine, and the pressor effect was more attenuated compared to group 2. These results suggested that a low dose of fentanyl-lidocaine significantly blunts postintubation hypertension and tachycardia when used as an adjunt to thiopental.

반도체소자의 표면보호용 PSG, PE-SIN박막의 항균열특성에 대한 연구

하정민,신홍재,이수웅,김영욱,이정규,Ha, Jung-Min,Shin, Hong-Jae,Lee, Soo-Woong,Kim, Young-Wug,Lee, Jung-Kyu 한국재료학회 1993 한국재료학회지 Vol.3 No.2

반도체 소자의 표면 보호용으로 사용되는 상압 CVD 방법에 의한 PSG(Phosposilicate glass)막 및 플라즈마 CVD방법에 의한 PE-SiN(Plasma enhanced CVD S${i_2}{N_4}$)막의 항균열 특성을 알루미늄박막이 증착되어 있는 실리콘 기판위에서 조사했다. 45$0^{\circ}C$에서 30분간으 열처리를 반복하면서 균열 발생 유무 및 그 형태를 조사하여 이러한 균열의 생성을 각 막의 막응력과 관련하여 검토하였다. 이들 박막에서의 균열 발생은 하부 조직인 알루미튬배선과의 열팽창계수차에 의한 것임을 알 수 있었다. PSG막 두께가 증가할수록 인장응력이 증가하여 항균열성이 저하되었다. PSG막의 P농도가 증가할수록 막응력은 압축응력쪽으로 이동하였고 균열 발생은 억제되었다. PE-SiN 막도 높은 압축응력을 갖게 함으로써 항균열성을 향상시킬 수 있었다. 본 실험의 결과로부터 반복 열처리시 균열 발생여부에 대한 실험식을 제시하였다. Abstract The crack resistance of PSG(Phosphosilicate Glass) and PE-SiN(Plasma Enhanced CVD S${i_2}{N_4}$)films deposited on aluminium thin films on Si substrate was analyzed in this study. PSG was deposited by AP-CVD and PE- SiN by PE-CVD. All the films underwent repeated heat cycles at 45$0^{\circ}C$for 30 min. Crack formation and development were examined between each heat cycle. The crack behavior was found to be closely related to the stresses in the films. The stress induced by the difference in thermal expansion behavior between the passivation layers and underlying aluminum film may cause the crack. Crack resistance decreases as the thickness of PSG films increases due to the high tensile stress of the films. Phosphorus in the PSG films releases tensile stress and consequently the stress of the films tends to show compressive stress. As a result, crack resistance increased as the concentratin of P in the PSG films increased. Crack resistance in the PE-SiN films also increased with compressive stress. An experimental model to predict crack generation in the PSG and PE-SiN films during heat cycle was suggested.

京畿道의 植物相 : 태화산, 화야산, 대부도, 칠현산, 철마산, 검단산

崔道烈,張珍成,金正猷,全正壹,金輝,閔雄基,姜佑昌 서울대학교 수목원 2001 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.21

This study was conducted in order to explore general flora of the Gyounggi-do Province and to clarify the distribution of some specificated taxa of the Korea. Daebu-do Island, Mt. Taewha, Mt. Hwaya, Mt. Gumdan, Mt. Chilhyun and Mt. Chulma among eighth grade-area of the Degree of Green Naturality (DGN) within the boundary of the Gyounggi-do Province were visited to investigate local flora. The number of identified vascular plant species were as follow; Mt. Hwaya: 120 species (99 genera of 67 families), Mt. Teawha: 132 species (103 genera of 56 families), Daebu-do Island: 124 species (103 genera of 50 families), Mt. Chulma: 129 species (99 genera of 67 families), Mt. Gumdan: 121 species (96 genera of 52 families), Mt. Chilyun: 90 species (74 genera of 42 families). The endemic Clematis brachyura Maxim. was found to distribute Daeby-do. It seemed that plantation was occupying large area in forest of the Gyounggi-do Province. Forty two specificated taxa were identified and 3 taxa, 10 taxa, 5 taxa, and 24 taxa were sorted into forth grade, third grade, second grade, and first grade respectively. Mt. Taewha showed the highest record (16 taxa) in the number of specificated taxa, Mt. Hwaya was the next with 13 taxa. Mt, Chulma (12 taxa), Mt. Gumdan (11 taxa), Daebu-do Island (7 taxi), and Mt, Chylma (4 taxi) followed. Mt. Taewa and Mt. Whaya were found to be relatively higher in the score calculated front the specificated taxa distribution, while Daebu-do Island and Mt. Chilyun were lower, that difference was probably due in part to consequences of severe disturbance of human activities. With respect to the consequences of severe disturbance of human activities. With respect to the geographical proximity to the Gangwon Province, Mt. Hwaya showed higher similarity of the species composition to that of the Mt. Jumbong.

Rat의 복강에 삽입한 Filorouracil-Polyglycolic acid제형의 Fluorouracil용출에 관한 연구

노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,최정목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

A common form of relapse in adenocarcinoma of the stomach is intraperitioneal dissemination, in fact, among gastric adenocarcinoma patients who have undergone surgery intended to cure, approximately 50% of the patients develope initial recurrence in the peritoneal cavity regardless of the anatomic site of the primary tumor within the stomach. The efficacy of systemic postoperative chemotherapy to prevent peritoneal recurrence of gastrric adenocarcinoma is not satisfactory. There is still a great need for improved therapeutic strategies on the disseminated microscopic disease and small miliary nodules remaining on the peritoneal surface or lymphatics after operation. The authers have made fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(Fu-PGA disks) with fluorouracil and biodegradable polymer: polyglycolic acid for more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy. We inserted the Fu-PGA disk(s) in the peritoneal cavity of rat and pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, plasma, liver, kidney and heart tissue at 24 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour after insertion of Fu-PGA disk(s). Myelosuppressive action of this composite also was determined following its administration. The data of this study suggested that Fu-PGA composite will be a new device releasing drugs in a controlled manner and having targetability to peritoneum, and this device will be improving the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric adenocarcinoma.

위암환자의 복강내에 투여한 Mitomycin C-Carbon Particle의 Mitomycin 용출에 관한 연구

노승무,조영훈,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,조준식,최선웅,이진호,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,인현빈,정현용,김학용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Locoregional recurrence is the most common type of recurrence in surgical operation of gastric adenocarcinoma, and peritoneal dissemination is one of the most difficult problems in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma treatment. Because the peritoneal cavity is the most common site of the first recurrence after gastric cancer resection, intraperitoneal chemotherpy seems a logical choice for cancer chemotherapy. The Mitomycin C(MMC) adsorbed by the activated charcoal particles(CH) is relatively released when the drug concentration surrounding the carbon particles becomes low in the peritoneum of the peritoneal cavity. For the intraperitoneal chemotherapy on the advanced gastric adenocarcnoma, mitomycin C adsorbed on activated carbon particles was administered in the peritoneal cavity just before abdominal wall closure. The closed drainage tubes were inserted in the peritoneal cavity and clamped for tuo hours after completion of operation. MMC concentrations were serially measured in peritoneal fluid, plasma and urine at 2hour, 48 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour following its administration in order to study the efficacy of the MMC-CH as a drug delivery system. There were minimal toxicities in born marrow, liver, and gastrointestinal system after intraperitoneal MMC-CH administration. The data of this study suggested that MMC-CH may have a somewhat more beneficial effect than surgery alone when administered in optimal dose and schedules, but the MMC concentration of the peritoneal fluid was not sufficient to eradicate remnant cancer cells, and effective duration of maintenance was only below 24 hours in the peritoneal fluid and plasma.