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The Process of The Development of Hypoxia In An Abnormal Blood Flow 2
( Min Kyu Kwak ),( Jae Gwi Go ) 한국산업응용수학회(구 한국산업정보응용수학회) 2007 한국산업정보응용수학회 Vol.11 No.2
The oxygen distribution at steady state is analyzed mathematically in a hexagonal cylinder. The domain is penetrated by parallel cylindrical capillaries of different oxygen squirt. Asymptotic solution is used to determine the effect of axial diffusion. Oxygen concentration profiles are displayed at some positions of capillary-beds. At the venous end some tissue areas suffer from a shortage of oxygen.
Can Coffee Shops That Have Become the Red Ocean Win with ESG?
Min-Kyu KWAK,Seong-Soo CHA 한국유통과학회 2022 유통과학연구 Vol.20 No.3
Purpose: This study aims to investigate the relationship between ESG activities (Environment, Social, Governance) of coffee shops and their brand image, purchase intention. Research design, data and methodology: To test the hypothesis, a survey was conducted for about one month from May to June, 2021, and a total of 311 people responded to the survey, and the responses from 311 copies were used for the analysis. Validity and reliability analysis were performed, and the relationship between latent variables was empirically analyzed using the structural equation modelling. Results: The results of the study are as follows. First, among the ESG activities of coffee shops, the environmental and social sectors had a significant positive (+) effect on the brand image, but the governance aspect showed no significant effect on the brand image. Second, it was found that the symbolic image and the empirical image had a significant positive (+) effect on the purchase intention, but the functional image did not have a significant effect on the purchase intention. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that as the number of coffee shops and the heated competition are increasing, it is possible to build a differentiated brand image through ESG activities rather than relying on the functions and services of competing products.
A Genome-Wide Association Study of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Women
Kwak, Soo Heon,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Cho, Young Min,Go, Min Jin,Cho, Yoon Shin,Choi, Sung Hee,Moon, Min Kyong,Jung, Hye Seung,Shin, Hyoung Doo,Kang, Hyun Min,Cho, Nam H.,Lee, In Kyu,Kim, Seong Yeon,Han, Bok- American Diabetes Association 2012 Diabetes Vol.61 No.2
<P><B/></P><P>Knowledge regarding the genetic risk loci for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is still limited. In this study, we performed a two-stage genome-wide association analysis in Korean women. In the stage 1 genome scan, 468 women with GDM and 1,242 nondiabetic control women were compared using 2.19 million genotyped or imputed markers. We selected 11 loci for further genotyping in stage 2 samples of 931 case and 783 control subjects. The joint effect of stage 1 plus stage 2 studies was analyzed by meta-analysis. We also investigated the effect of known type 2 diabetes variants in GDM. Two loci known to be associated with type 2 diabetes had a genome-wide significant association with GDM in the joint analysis. rs7754840, a variant in <I>CDKAL1</I>, had the strongest association with GDM (odds ratio 1.518; <I>P</I> = 6.65 × 10<SUP>−16</SUP>). A variant near <I>MTNR1B</I>, rs10830962, was also significantly associated with the risk of GDM (1.454; <I>P</I> = 2.49 × 10<SUP>−13</SUP>). We found that there is an excess of association between known type 2 diabetes variants and GDM above what is expected under the null hypothesis. In conclusion, we have confirmed that genetic variants in <I>CDKAL1</I> and near <I>MTNR1B</I> are strongly associated with GDM in Korean women. There seems to be a shared genetic basis between GDM and type 2 diabetes.</P>
Min Jin-Young,Kim Yong Min,Kim Dae Woo,Kim Jeong-Whun,Kim Jin Kook,Mo Ji-Hun,Shin Jae-Min,Cho Kyu-Sup,Kwak Sanggyu,Shin Seung-Heon 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.40
Background: Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is the mainstay treatment for refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Since various factors may contribute to the surgical outcome, it is challenging for physicians to predict surgical outcomes. The aim of study was to analyze the prognostic factors of postoperative outcomes and to establish the prediction model with the risk factors that impact the postoperative outcomes. Methods: Medical records of CRS patients who underwent ESS at 9 institutions in 2005, 2010, and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. We classified the patients into 2 groups based on postoperative objective endoscopic outcomes. Demographics, nose-specific symptoms, olfactory function, eosinophil counts in blood (EoB) and nasal tissue (EoT), and LundMackay CT score (LMS) were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed and established a prediction equation for postoperative endoscopic objective outcomes. Results: In total (n = 1,249), 27.0% were not satisfied under postoperative endoscopic examination. Of 10 variables, LMS (> 5), sinus dominancy (maxillary sinus and ethmoid sinus), EoB (> 210), and EoT (> 100) were statistically significant in univariate analysis (P < 0.05, all). In multivariate analysis, EoT (> 100) and LMS (> 5) were significantly associated with poor postoperative outcome. Furthermore, 5 significant variables were employed to establish the risk model of postoperative outcomes and P (the value of prediction probability) = 1 / (1 + exp [−0.392 + 1.088 × EoT (> 100) + 0.123 × mean LMS (> 5) − 0.366 × sinus dominancy (maxillary) + 0.064 × sinus dominancy (similar) + 0.200 × EoB (4%) + 0.344 × EoB (> 210)] was developed. Conclusion: Tissue eosinophil count and radiographic severity predispose to a poorer outcome of ESS and the risk model established may be helpful to predict postoperative outcomes of ESS.
THE PROCESS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYPOXIA IN AN ABNORMAL BLOOD FLOW
Kwak, Min-Kyu,Shin, Byeong-Chun,Go, Jae-Gwi The Honam Mathematical Society 2008 호남수학학술지 Vol.30 No.1
Interrupted blood flow diminishes the concentration of oxygen in tissues. Hypoxia first appears in the region distal to the capillaries and grows throughout the entire t issue. However, the time-wise evolution of hypoxic area is diverse when some of capillaries are blocked in a multi-capillary domain with different oxygen squirt. The process of the development of hypoxia through time course is analyzed mathematically in the domain. Each source in steady state is controlled by a time sensitive function to simulate the occlusion.
Kwak, Min-Kyu,Ryu, Han-Bong,Song, Sung-Hyun,Lee, Jin-Won,Kang, Sa-Ouk Portland Press Ltd. 2018 Biochemical journal Vol.475 No.13
<P>YlaD, a membrane-anchored anti-sigma (sigma) factor of Bacillus subtilis, contains a HX3CXXC motif that functions as a redox-sensing domain and belongs to one of the zinc (Zn)-co-ordinated anti-sigma factor families. Despite previously showing that the YlaC transcription is controlled by YlaD, experimental evidence of how the YlaC-YlaD interaction is affected by active cysteines and/or metal ions is lacking. Here, we showed that the P-yla promoter is autoregulated solely by YlaC. Moreover, reduced YlaD contained Zn and iron, while oxidized YlaD did not. Cysteine substitution in YlaD led to changes in its secondary structure; Cys3 had important structural functions in YlaD, and its mutation caused dissociation from YlaC, indicating the essential requirement of a HX3CXXC motif for regulating interactions of YlaC with YlaD. Analyses of the far-UV CD spectrum and metal content revealed that the addition of Mn ions to Zn-YlaD changed its secondary structure and that iron was substituted for manganese (Mn). The ylaC gene expression using beta Glu activity from P-yla:gusA was observed at the late-exponential and early-stationary phase, and the ylaC-overexpressing mutant constitutively expressed gene transcripts of clpP and sigH, an important alternative s factor regulated by ClpXP. Collectively, our data demonstrated that YlaD senses redox changes and elicits increase in Mn ion concentrations and that, in turn, YlaD-mediated transcriptional activity of YlaC regulates sporulation initiation under oxidative stress and Mn-substituted conditions by regulating clpP gene transcripts. This is the first report of the involvement of oxidative stress-responsive B. subtilis extracytoplasmic function s factors during sporulation via a Mn-dependent redox-sensing molecular switch.</P>
Asymptotic Behavior of Singular Solutions of Semilinear Parabolic Equations
Kwak, Min Kyu,Ban, Hyun Ju 호남수학회 1995 호남수학학술지 Vol.17 No.1
We study the asymptotic behavior of nonnegative singular solutions of semilinear parabolic equations of the type ※수식※ defined in the whole space x=(x,y)∈R^(N-1) for t$gt;0, with initial data a Dirac mass, δ(x}. The exponents q, g satisfy ※수식※ where q*=max{(q,(N+1)/N}.