자바리, Epinephelus bruneus의 난 발생과 부화에 미치는 수온의 영향

양문호,최영웅,정민민,구학동,오봉세,문태석,이창훈,김경민,한석중,Yang, Moon-Ho,Choi, Young-Ung,Jung, Min-Min,Ku, Hag-Dong,Oh, Bong-Sae,Moon, Tae-Seok,Lee, Chang-Hoon,Kim, Kyong-Min,Han, Seock-Jung 한국발생생물학회 2007 발생과 생식 Vol.11 No.2

This study examined temperature effect in egg development and hatching of longtooth grouper, Epinephelus bruneus. Fertilized embryos was not growth after morula stage at $15^{\circ}C$, at 18, 21, 24 and $27^{\circ}C$, the required time from fertilized embryos to hatching were 70 h. 30 min., 44 h. 10 min., 29 h. 10 min. and 24 h. 30 min., respectively. The hatching rates at $24^{\circ}C$ were higher than the other conditions and the hatching was not occurred at $15^{\circ}C$. These results suggest that the water temperature range of egg development and hatching was $18{\sim}27^{\circ}C$. 이 연구는 실내 사육수조에서 자연산란 후 수정된 난을 대상으로 수온에 따른 난 발생속도와 부화율을 조사하였다. 부화에 이르기까지 각 수온조건에서 소요된 시간은 $15^{\circ}C$에서 상실기 이후 발생이 진행되지 않았고, 18, 21, 24, $27^{\circ}C$에서 각각 70시간 30분, 44시간 10분, 29시간 10분 그리고 24시간 30분이 소요되었다. 부화율은 $15^{\circ}C$에서 0%였고, 18, 21, 24 그리고 $27^{\circ}C$에서 각각 $8.3{\pm}1.2%$, $18.0{\pm}6.2%$, $24.0{\pm}4.0%$ 그리고 $17.0{\pm}7.2%$로 뚜렷한 차이 없이 $24^{\circ}C$에서 다소 높았고 21와 $27^{\circ}C$에서 비슷한 경향이었으며 $18^{\circ}C$에서 가장 낮게 나타났다. 이러한 결과에서 자바리의 난발생 수온범위는 $18{\sim}27^{\circ}C$로 제안된다.

High-performance Liquid Chromatographic Analysis for Quantitation of Marker Compounds of Artemisia capillaris Thunb

( Kyung Min Park ),( Ying Li ),( Bora Kim ),( Haiyan Zhang ),( Kyong Hwangbo ),( Dong Gen Piao ),( Mei Juan Chi ),( Mi Hee Woo ),( Jae Sue Choi ),( Je Hyun Lee ),( Dong Cheul Moon ),( Hyeun Wook Chang 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2013 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.23 No.0

Two stable high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods were developed that could quantitatively analyze 10 major marker compounds of Artemisia capillaris Thunb and could also distinguish among `Injinho` and `Myeon-injin` and `Haninjin`--A. capillaris collected in autumn, A. capillaris collected in spring and A. iwayomogi, which can be misused as `Injinho` in Korean herbal drug markets. The first HPLC method was a reversed-phase chromatography using a C18 column with an isocratic solvent system of phosphoric acid (0.05%) and acetonitrile at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, ultraviolet (UV) detection wavelength at 254 nm and column temperature at 40°C. Calibration andquantitation were made by using acetaminophen as an internal standard (I.S-A) and chlorogenic acid (1) was determined within 20 min. The second HPLC method was a reversed-phase chromatography using a C18 column with a gradient solvent system of phosphate buffer (0.015 M, pH 6) and acetonitrile at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, UV detection wavelength at 254 nm and column temperature at 40°C. Calibration and quantitation were made by using ethylparaben as an internal standard (I.S-B) and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3), 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4), hyperoside (5), isoquercitrin (6), isorhamnetin 3-O-robinobioside (7), isorhamnetin-3-O-galactoside (8), isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside (9) and scoparone (10) were determined within 60 min. Pattern recognitionanalysis of data from the 60 samples classified them clearly into three groups. These assay methods could be applied for QA/QC of A. capillaris and Artemisia iwayomogi.

7개 대학 병원에서 조사한 지역사회 폐렴의 원인균

정문현,김성민,강문원,최희정,정희진,이경원,한성우,송재훈,신형식,김의종,최강원,김민자,박승철,배현주,정윤섭,김준명,백경란,신완식,이규만,김양리 대한감염학회 1997 감염 Vol.29 No.5

목 적 : 폐렴은 많이 발생하면서 사망률이 크게 줄지 않는 질환이며, 이를 적절히 치료하기 위해서는 원인균의 상대적 빈도, 기저 질환에 따른 변화, 항균제 내성률, 사망에 관련된 인자들을 알아야 한다. 원인균의 빈도는 지역마다 차이가 있고 국내에서는 항균제 내성률이 높아 지역사회에서 발생한 폐렴을 치료하기 위한 경험적 항균제 선택에 도움이 되기 위해 서울 소재 6개 대학 병원과 천안의 1개 대학 병원이 참여하여 위의 사항들에 대해 조사를 하였다. 방 법 : 1995년에 내과에 입원했던 16세 이상 환자를 대상으로 했다. 퇴원 진단명이 폐렴 또는 폐결핵인 병록지을 찾았고, 이중에서 병원 감염을 제외하였다. 특이도를 높이기 위해, 이들 중에서 호흡기 증상이 있고 발열이나 저체온이 있으면서 흉부 X-선에서 이상 음영이 있는 환자만을 대상으로 했다. 폐결핵은 위의 기준에 입원 초기에 항균제 치료를 하고 입원 7일 이후에야 항결핵제가 투여된 경우만을 폐렴의 원인균으로 하였다. 혈액 배양에서 양성, 객담에서 항상균이나 M. tuberculosis가 증명된 경우, 혈청학적으로 항체가가 4배 이상 증가된 경우, 조직에서 원인균이 진단된 경우는 확정(definitive) 원인균으로 하였고, 객담에서 배양된 균이 그람 도말과 일치할때, 항결액제에 대한 반응으로 진단한 폐결핵, 단일 항체가 양성이고 이에 대해 항균제를 사용했을 때는 가능(probable) 원인균으로 정의하였다. 다세균 감염균은 각각 다 른 원인균으로 처리하였다. 임상 조사와 함께 임상병리과에서 S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, mycoplasma, 항상균에 대해 검사 의뢰 건수, 배양 양성수, 항균제 감수성 결과를 조사하였다. 결 과 : 폐렴의 증례 정의에 부합하지 않은 135명과 폐결핵의 정의에 해당하지 않는 230명을 제외하고 남은 246명의 평균 나이는 58.2세이고 남성이 142명(58.2%) 이었고, 71%의 환자에서 기저 질환이 있었다. 진단 방법의 시행 횟수는 혈액 배양 77.6%, 혈청 검사 18.3%, 기관지경 검사는 4.1%였고, 세균의 항원 검사를 한 예는 없었다. 원인균이 밝혀진 예는 77명(31.3%)이었다. 다세균 감염이 4명에서 있었고, 원인균의 상대적 빈도는 결핵 20명(확정 17, 가능 3: 6개 병원 자료), 폐렴구균 18(확정8 가능 10)명과 폐렴구균이 아닌 Streptococcus 3명 (모두 확정), H. influenzae 11명(모두 가능), 그람음성간균 11명(확정 7, 가능 4) (K. pneumoniae 8건), Mycoplasma 5명(확정 1, 가능 4), S. aureus 4명(확정 2, 가능 2), mucormycosis 1명(확정)이었다. 평균 입원 기간은 19일이고, 중환자실 입원률과 인공 호흡기 사용율은 각각 18%와 9.3%였다. 사망률은 13.8%였고 사망까지 평균 기간은 14.6일 이었다. 다변량 분석에서 사망을 예측할 수 있는 인자는 저체온과 빈호흡이었다. 임상병리과에서 배양되었던 모든 폐렴구균의 Penicillin 내성률은 서울 3개 병원에서 82-88%, 천안에서 72%였다. 폐렴 환자의 혈액에서 배양된 7주는 모두 Penicillin에 감수성이 있었다. K. pneumoniae 8주 모두 cefotaxime과 gentamicin에 감수성을 보였다. 결 론 : 후향적 조사이고 병원마다 원인균 진단에 차이가 있지만, 원인이 밝혀진 경우에는 결핵과 폐렴균이 흔하였고, 무균 부위에서 배양된 폐렴구균의 항균제 내성률은 낮았다. 원인이 밝혀지지 않은 경우가 많고, 혈청검사로 진단되는 원인균이 드물며, 분리균주가 적어 항균제 내성 정도를 추정하기 어려워, 이를 밝히기 위한 전향적 조사가 필요하다. Background : Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity, but its management is still challenging. The limitation of diagnostic methods to identify etiologic agents rapidly make it necessary to use empiric antibiotics in almost all patients, and furthermore the discovery of new respiratory pathogens and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms pose difficulties to the selection of an empiric regimen. To clarify the factors necessary for the optimal choice of empirical antibiotics, such as the frequency of etiologic agents, the attributable rates to death and antimicrobial resistance rates in the community, six university hospitals in Seoul and one university hospital in Cheonan were participating in this study. Methods : medical records of adults (>15 years of age) hospitalized for CAP or pulmonary tuberculosis between April 1995 and March 1996, were reviewed. Patients who satisfied all of the following criteria were included in the study: (1) fever or hypothermia; (2) respiratory symptoms; and (3) pulmonary infiltrates on chest roentgenogram. To exclude cases of pulmonary tuberculosis whose roentgenographic features were so typical that it could be easily differentiated from conventional pneumonia, two additional criteria were required for inclusion: antibiotic treatment during the first week of hospital admission and initiation of anti-tuberculosis medications thereafter. Organisms isolated from sterile body sites, acid-fast bacilli or Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from sputum, pathogens diagnosed by a 4-fold rising titer of antibodies to “atypical”pathogens, or pathogens revealed by histopathology were defined as definitive cause of pneumonia; isolates from sputum withcompatible Gram stain, pathogens diagnosed by a single diagnostic titer plus use of a specific antimicrobial agent, or tuberculosis diagnosed by clinucal response to anti- tuberculosis medications were considered probable cause of pneumonia. The records of the clinical microbiology were reviewed for isolates of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, Mycobacterium or acid-fast bacilli, and Mycoplasma. Then the frequency of these agents, antimicrobial resistance rates of resiratory pathogens from all body sites, and their clinical significance were evaluated. Results: After excluding 365 patients (230 with pulmonary tuberculosis and 135 with CAP) who were screened for inclusion but did not meet the inclusion criteria,246 persons were enrolled in this study. Their mean age was 58.2 years old with slight male predominance (58.2%), and 171(71%) patients had underlying illnesses. Blood cultures were performed on 191 (77.6%) patients and serologic tests on 44(18.3%) patients. The etiologic agents were identified in 31.3%, and the list of individual agents, in decreasing order, was pulmonary tuberculosis (17 definite and 3 probable: data of six hospitals), S. pneumoniae (8 definite and 10 probable), non-pneumococci (3 definite), aerobic gram-negative bacilli (7 definite and 4 probable), Haemophilus spp. (11 probable), mycoplasma (1 definite and 4 probable), polymicrobial infections (2 definite and 2 probable: E. coli and S. agalactiae, M. tuberculosis and S. aureus, S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae and A. baumannii and K. pneumonias), S. aureus (2 definite and 2 probable) , and mucormycosis (1 definite). Among gram-negative bacilli, K. pneumoniae was the most common agent (8isolates). therates of admission to the intensive care unitand of using assisted ventilation were 18% and 9.3%, respectively. The mortality was 13.8% and logistic regression analysis showed that hypothermia and tachypnea were associated with death. Hospital stay averaged 19 days. Susceptible rates of S. pneumoniae isolated from all body sites to penicillin ranged from 8% to 28% but seven isolated from blood of patients with pneumonia were susceptible to penicillin. Also all 8 isolated of k> pneumoniae from patients with pneumonia were susceptible to cefotaxime and gentamicin. Conclusion: In Korea, in addition to S. pneumoniae, M. tuberculosis is an important agent causing community-acquired pneumonia. The low incidence of etiologic diagnosis is probably related to infrequent requesting of test "atypical" pathogens and does not represent the true incidence of infections by "atypical" pathogens, which well be answered by a prospective study. The antimicrobial resistance rates of major respiratory pathogens from sterile body sites are low, however, because of a small number of the isolates this result needs confirmation by a nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial resistance.

일부농촌지역의 농약사용실태 및 농약중독 요인 조사

이경민,송주희,장재혁,심수정,강양화,안재경,이숭호,박미영,정문호 대한보건협회 2002 대한보건연구 Vol.28 No.4

Object The usage of agricultural chemical is on the increasing. Use of pesticides has increased agricultural production. However, negative externalities from such use have increased too. Pesticide poisoning is a major public problem. The purpose if this study is to find out the relationship between keeping the safety rules or protective equipments or attending safety education or dose of pesticides use , and poisoning experience. Methods For Gu, H.M. and Pack, S.G. study , we obtained questionnaire data concerning pesticides poisoming. A person interviews on 203 were conducted in two villages in Sinmeari and woulbonri Chunchun , Kangwon province, July 2002. Result 1. 144 people(70.9%) have sprayed pesticides and the rata of experiences of pesticide poisoning was 26% among 144. Spraying time of pesticides was 1-2 hours in 63.9% of farmers. Rate of using the protective equipment was 25.7% (protective clothes), 49.3% (Mask), 48.6 (Gloves), 7.0 (Protective glasses), 64.6% (boots) respectively. 2. Chi-square and multiple logistic regression analysis showed that Duration of spraying per day (<2hr) and using of mask(protective equipment)are significantly association with poisoning experience.(x^2=5.2684 p=0.0217, CI=0.140-0.5853 OR=0.346 p=0.0211 respectively). But no association between poisoning experience and keeping safety rule, attending of safety education. 3. Spraying pesticides. Duration of spraying pesticides, reading manuals and no spraying at fatigue (keeping safety rule) are significantly association with symptom experience(x^2=14.0621 p=0.0002, x^2=7.0639 p=0.0079, CI01.395-10.950 OR=3.908 p=0.0095, CI=0.101-0.726 OR=0.271 0.0094 respectively). But no association between symptom experience and protective equipments, attending of safety education.

동측에 발생한 대퇴골 경부 및 간부 골절의 치료

권진우,김기환,문상호,공규민,손경태,이상훈,권태우 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.3

목적: 동측의 대퇴골 경부 골절과 간부 골절이 동반된 경우에서 수술적 치료에 대해 본원에서 실시한 수술 방법들의 결과를 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 수술 후 1년 이상 추시 관찰이 가능하였던 11례를 대상으로 하였으며 경부 골절은 Garden 제 1형이 3례, 제 2형이 6례, 제 3형이 1례, 제 4형이 1례였다. 간부 골절은 중간부가 7례, 원위부가 4례였다. 추시 기간은 최소 1년 이상으로 평균 33개월이었고 11례 전부가 남자였으며 나이는 22세에서 54세로 평균 38세였다. 각 수술 방법에 따른 수술시간을 측정하였으며 방사선학으로 골유합의 시기, 부정유합, 불유합 등을 평가하였고 임상적으로는 골절부의 동통 및 관절 운동장애를 평가하였다. 결과: 치료 방법으로는 경부는 다발성 피고정술이 8례, 활강압방 고 나사못고정술이 1례였으며 간부의 경우는 중간부는 역행적 Ender정 고정술이 4례 , 금속판 고정술이 1례, 재건상 골수강내 고정술이 2례, 역행적 금속정 고정술이 1례였고, 원위부는 금속판 고정술이 1례, 역행적 교합성 금속정 고정술이 3례였다. 평균 수술시간은 재건상 골수강내 골종술이 180분, 다발성 핀고정술 및 금속판 고정술이 220분, 다발성 핀고정술 및 역행적 골수강내 고정술이 200분이었다. 골유합 기간은 간부 골절의 경우 평균 5개월이었다. 경부 골절에 대한 합병증으로는 간부 골절에 대해서 Ender정 고정술을 한 1례와 간부에 금속판 고정술을 한 후 지연진단되어 경부에 다발성 핀고정술을 한 1례에서 대퇴골두에 무혈성 괴사증이 병발하였으며 재건상 골수강내 금속정 삽입술을 한 1례에서 수술시 경부 골절의 정복소실이 있었으며 간부 골절에 대한 합병증으로는 역행적 금속정 고정술을 한 2례 (Ender정 1례와 교합성 금속정 1례)에서 불유합이 생겨서 금속판 고정술 및 자가골이식술로 대치하였다. 그리고 Ender정 고정술을 한 1례에서 지속적인 슬관절 주위 동통이 있었다. 결론: 대퇴골 경부 골절과 동측의 간부 골절이 동반된 경우의 수술적 치료에서 재건상 골수강내 금속 고정술은 기술적으로 어려움이 많아서 경부와 간부의 치료를 각각 하는 것이 기술적으로 쉬웠다. 수술시는 경부 골절의 수술을 먼저 하여도 고정에 어려움이 없었으며 간부 골절은 분쇄 골절이 많기 때문에 견고한 내고정이 필요하였다. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analysis the result of operative treatment in ipsilateral femur neck and shaft fracuture. Material and Methods: Eleven cases of ipsilateral femur neck and shaft fractures were operated and followed more than 1 year. There were 11 men and mean age at index operation was 38 years (range 22~54). In neck fracture there were 3 of type Ⅰ, 6 of type Ⅱ, and 1 of typeⅢ according to Garden classification, shaft fractures were located an middle 1/3 (7 cases), at distal 1/3 (4 cases). We evaluated the operation time, union time, nonunion, malunion, and clinical evaluation with pain and joint stiffness. Result: In neck fractures treatment methods were 8 of multiple pinning, 2 of reconstruction nail and 1 of CHS, in shaft fractures 2 of DCP, 7 of retrograde nailing (3 Ender nail, 4 interlocking nail). The mean operation time was 180 minutes in reconstruction nail, 220 minutes in multiple pinning and DCP and 200 minutes in multiple pinning and retrograde nailing. The mean time for shaft union was 5 months. The complications were 1 case of neck reduction loss during operation in reconstruction nailing group, 1 of persistant pain around knee in Ender nailing group. Conclusion: The author think that reconstruction nail fixation is technically difficult, thus neck and shaft fracture be fixed individually. Neck fracture can be fixed first without difficulty and shaft fractures should be fixed rigidly due to comminution.

Long-term oral exposure to bisphenol A induces glucose intolerance and insulin resistance

Moon, Min Kyong,Jeong, In-Kyong,Jung Oh, Tae,Ahn, Hwa Young,Kim, Hwan Hee,Park, Young Joo,Jang, Hak Chul,Park, Kyong Soo Journal of Endocrinology, Ltd. [etc.] 2015 The Journal of endocrinology Vol.226 No.1

<P>Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used endocrine disruptor. Recent epidemiologic results have suggested an association between exposure to BPA and cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. We investigated the <I>in vivo</I> effects of long-term oral exposure to BPA on insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. In the present study, 4- to 6-week-old male mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) were treated with 50 μg/kg body weight per day of BPA orally for 12 weeks. Long-term oral exposure to BPA along with an HFD for 12 weeks induced glucose intolerance in growing male mice. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests showed that the mice that received an HFD and BPA exhibited a significantly larger area under the curve than did those that received an HFD only (119.9±16.8 vs 97.9±18.2 mM/min, <I>P</I>=0.027). Body weight, percentage of white adipose tissue, and percentage of body fat did not differ between the two groups of mice. However, treatment with BPA reduced Akt phosphorylation at position Thr308 and GSK3β phosphorylation at position Ser9 in skeletal muscle. BPA tended to decrease serum adiponectin levels and to increase serum interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α, although these findings were not statistically significant. Treatment with BPA did not induce any detrimental changes in the islet area or morphology or the insulin content of β cells. In conclusion, long-term oral exposure to BPA induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in growing mice. Decreased Akt phosphorylation in skeletal muscle by way of altered serum adipocytokine levels might be one mechanism by which BPA induces glucose intolerance.</P>

혈압과 미토콘드리아 DNA 의 양적 이상과의 관계

문민경(Min Kyong Moon),김상완(Sang Wan Kim),김태용(Tae Yong Kim),신원식(Won Shik Shinn),조영민(Young Min Cho),송지현(Ji Hyun Song),김민선(Min Seon Kim),박경수(Kyong Soo Park),이홍규(Hong Kyu Lee) 한국지질동맥경화학회(구 한국지질학회) 2000 韓國脂質學會誌 Vol.10 No.2

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Mitochondrial DNA Content is Negatively Correlated with Blood Pressure

Min Kyong Moon,송지현,Min Seon Kim,박경수,이홍규 한국지질동맥경화학회 2000 韓國脂質學會誌 Vol.10 No.1

Lipoprotein(a): a not-so-well-known risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

( Min Kyong Moon ) 대한내과학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.31 No.6

Combination therapy of oral hypoglycemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

( Min Kyong Moon ),( Kyu Yeon Hur ),( Seung-hyun Ko ),( Seok-o Park ),( Byung-wan Lee ),( Jin Hwa Kim ),( Sang Youl Rhee ),( Hyun Jin Kim ),( Kyung Mook Choi ),( Nan-hee Kim ) 대한내과학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.32 No.6

The Korean Diabetes Association (KDA) recently updated the Clinical Practice Guidelines on antihyperglycemic agent therapy for adult patients with type ₂ diabetes mellitus (T₂DM). In combination therapy of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs), general recommendations were not changed from those of the 2015 KDA guidelines. The Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines of the KDA has extensively reviewed and discussed the results of meta-analyses and systematic reviews of effectiveness and safety of OHAs and many clinical trials on Korean patients with T₂DM for the update of guidelines. All OHAs were effective when added to metformin or metformin and sulfonylurea, although the effects of each agent on body weight and hypoglycemia were different. Therefore, selection of a second agent as a metformin add-on therapy or third agent as a metformin and sulfonylurea add-on therapy should be based on the patient’s clinical characteristics and the efficacy, side effects, mechanism of action, risk of hypoglycemia, effect on body weight, patient preference, and combined comorbidity. In this review, we address the results of meta-analyses and systematic reviews, comparing the effectiveness and safety among OHAs. It will help to choose the appropriate drug for an individual patient with T₂DM.