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김도경,전민정,조은아 경희대학교 부설 디자인연구원 2002 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.5 No.1
In this study, the status of teenager's leisure activity has been understood, examined and analyzed. The purpose of this study is to examine the status of teenager leisure activity and to provide way to improve the leisure space. The study has been based on questionnaire on middle and high school student, both male and female, in Seoul. The analysis was done by SPSSWIN Program Ver 11.0. Frequency, percentage,-test were methods of analysis. The results are as follows. Teenager are wasting their leisure time because of insufficient facilities for productive activities. They use the time, when analyzed in one week, for visiting shops, playing in the ground and playing in the game rooms. And when analyzed in a month, they use time for meeting friends in coffee shops, visiting restaurants, playing in the game rooms and visiting sports facilities. Teenagers' leisure time were different according to sex and age. Students hoped the leisure spaces to be healthy and active leisure activity, and facilities they wanted, were sports facilities, game rooms and parks. It is necessary that teenager have opportunities to learn how to use their leisure time healthy in the leisure space. This study was invested the status of teenager leisure activities, that were only divided sex, age among various social and environmental fators. Consquently, questions on that and arguments of different visual angles should be remained the study subject, later. This study was only composed of language levels, self-recorded method questionaire research. But, to get a result exactly is required the observation and interview
Escherichia coli 패혈증 환자에 합병된 대칭적 하지 말단 괴사증 1예
남해성,유진홍,권순석,민준기,조현선,박민경,심병주,남유정,이지인,김진수,길욱현,조근종,신완식 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.6
We have encountered a rare case of symmetrical peripheral gangrene complicating Escherichia coli sepsis in a 47-years-old male. He was successfully treated with antibiotics, anticoagulants, and vasodilator. To our knowledge, this is the first report on symmetrical peripheral gangrene complicating E. coli sepsis in Korea.
본태성 고혈압 환자의 적혈구 Na+-Li+ Countertransport 와 적혈구막 지방산 구성에 대한 연구
이영우,고경수,고재준,박경수,김원배,한은경,김성연,조보연,이홍규,고창순,민현기 한국지질학회 1991 韓國脂質學會誌 Vol.1 No.1
Since the changes of Na^+-Li^+ countertransport (SLC) Vmax in essential hypertension have been reported. it has been known that hyperlipidemia could affect SLC independently of blood pressure. To reveal the relation between SLC Vmax and RBC membrane fatty acid conposition in the hypertensive patients, we divided patients into two groups according to their levels of SLC Vmax of erythrocytes(elevated SLC Vmax: n=4, normal SLC Vamx: n=6). The results were as follows: 1) There was no difference in body mate index, waist-hip ratio, blood pressure, serum cholesterol level between two groups. Triglyceride were higher in elevated group (278.0±180.0 ㎎/㎗) than normal group (124.3±60.7 ㎎/㎗) but there was no statistical significance. HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly lower in elevated group (32.0±3.6 vs. 44.8±8.9 ㎎/㎗) and free fatty acid concentrations, intracellular (RBC) Na^+ concentrations were similar between two groups. 2) The results of oral glucose tolerance test showed no differences in the glucose and insulin area, however the incremental insulin areas of elevated group (108.8±31.3, μU. min/㎖×10²) were significantly higher compared with those of normal group (56.3±20.7 μU. min/㎖×10²). 3) In the elevated group, palmitic acid proportions of erythrocytes (22.1±0.7%) were higher than those of normal group (20.1±0.7%) and SLC Vmax showed significant correlation (r=0.81, p$lt;0.01) with palmitic acid proportion. These results suggest that the abnormal lipid metabolism may change the RBC Na^+ transport system through the alterations of RBC membrane fatty acid composition.
토끼에서 근육주사시 입자 크기에 따른 amoxicillin의 비교 약물동태학
박승춘,윤효인,오태광,장범수,배순이,조준형,정상희,이내경,김민규 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1998 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-
To investigate the pharmacokinetic difference between the two amoxicillin (AMX) particles in rabbits after intramuscular injection (i.m.), both of AMX-S (particle size: 10 ㎍) and AMX-L (particle size: 100 ㎍) were injected into New Zealand White rabbits (1.2±0.3 ㎏) at a dose rate of 10 ㎎/㎏ of body weight. In this study, serum AMX concentrations were detected by microbiological assay with E. coli BE 1186 which shows high antibiotic sensitivity. After i.m. administration, AMX-S and AMX-L were best fitted as 1-compartment model with the absorption and elimination phase. The biological half-life (T_1/2, _k10) of AMX-S is 4.06±1.09 h and that of AMX-L 4.76±0.69 h. The serum maximal concentration time (T_max) of AMX-S and AMX-L were 0.88±0.17 h and 0.77±0.11 h, respectively. Maximal AMX concentration (C_max) (AMX-S: 5.71±0.62 ㎍/㎖, AMX-L: 5.04±0.25 ㎍/㎖) in serum showed a significant difference (p<0.05). In terms of bioequivalance, however, there was no difference between the two AMX's after i.m. injection in the basis of C_max and AUC.
Neurophysiological evidence for the country-of-origin effect: an event-related potential study
Min, Byoung-Kyong,Cho, Kwangsu,Sung, Jungyeon,Cho, Erin Lippincott WilliamsWilkins 2014 NEUROREPORT - Vol.25 No.4
<P>Consumers often rely on observable cues that hint at the hidden quality of a product. The aim of this study was to investigate brain activities associated with the country-of-origin (COO) effect and consumer evaluation of a product design. Electroencephalogram recordings were used to observe event-related brain potentials associated with the COO effect and design evaluation. We found that the frontocentral N90 and parieto-occipital P220 amplitudes are involved in forming preference to design, whereas the COO effect is processed in the centroparietal P500 amplitude. We also found a significant interaction effect between COO and design preference with regard to reaction times. Specifically, participants tended to spend more time making a preference decision when they did not like the product design made in a country with a favorable COO. These results imply that the two cognitive processes, evaluation of COO and formation of design preference, are activated independently at an early stage. It also suggests that these two processes interact with each other toward the end of the decision phase. Together, the results of this study provide neuropsychological evidence supporting a significant role of COO in the formation of design preference. Future studies are required to further delve into other neurophysiological activities associated with the COO effect.</P>
Cho, Young Min,Youn, Byung-Soo,Lee, Hyewon,Lee, Namseok,Min, Sung-Shik,Kwak, Soo Heon,Lee, Hong Kyu,Park, Kyong Soo American Diabetes Association 2006 Diabetes care Vol.29 No.11
<P>OBJECTIVE: The dysregulation of adipokines is closely associated with the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP4), a new adipokine, was recently reported to provide a link between obesity and insulin resistance. Here, we examined the relation between plasma RBP4 concentrations and various metabolic parameters in humans. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to measure human RBP4 plasma concentrations, which were then compared with various parameters related to insulin resistance in subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n = 57), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT; n = 48), and type 2 diabetes (n = 49). RESULTS: Plasma RBP4 concentrations were higher in the IGT and type 2 diabetic groups than in the NGT group (median 18.9 [range 11.2-45.8], 20.9 [9.9-48.5], and 18.1 microg/ml [9.3-30.5], respectively). However, no difference was found between plasma RBP4 concentrations in the IGT and type 2 diabetic groups. Plasma RBP4 concentrations were found to be associated with sex, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, and insulin resistance. Of these, sex and fasting plasma glucose levels were found to be independent determinants of plasma RBP4 concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma RBP4 concentrations were found to be elevated in subjects with IGT or type 2 diabetes and to be related to various clinical parameters known to be associated with insulin resistance.</P>
Mitochondrial Complexes I and II Are More Susceptible to Autophagy Deficiency in Mouse β-Cells
Kim, Min Joo,Choi, Ok Kyong,Chae, Kyung Sil,Kim, Min Kyeong,Kim, Jung Hee,Komatsu, Masaaki,Tanaka, Keiji,Lee, Hakmo,Chung, Sung Soo,Kwak, Soo Heon,Cho, Young Min,Park, Kyong Soo,Jung, Hye Seung Korean Endocrine Society 2015 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.30 No.1
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Damaged mitochondria are removed by autophagy. Therefore, impairment of autophagy induces the accumulation of damaged mitochondria and mitochondrial dysfunction in most mammalian cells. Here, we investigated mitochondrial function and the expression of mitochondrial complexes in autophagy-related 7 (<I>Atg7</I>)-deficient β-cells.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>To evaluate the effect of autophagy deficiency on mitochondrial function in pancreatic β-cells, we isolated islets from <I>Atg7</I><SUP>F/F</SUP>:RIP-<I>Cre</I>+ mice and wild-type littermates. Oxygen consumption rate and intracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) content were measured. The expression of mitochondrial complex genes in <I>Atg7</I>-deficient islets and in β-TC6 cells transfected with si<I>Atg7</I> was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Baseline oxygen consumption rate of <I>Atg7</I>-deficient islets was significantly lower than that of control islets (<I>P</I><0.05). Intracellular ATP content of <I>Atg7</I>-deficient islets during glucose stimulation was also significantly lower than that of control islets (<I>P</I><0.05). By Oxygraph-2k analysis, mitochondrial respiration in <I>Atg7</I>-deficient islets was significantly decreased overall, although state 3 respiration and responses to antimycin A were unaffected. The mRNA levels of mitochondrial complexes I, II, III, and V in <I>Atg7</I>-deficient islets were significantly lower than in control islets (<I>P</I><0.05). Down-regulation of <I>Atg7</I> in β-TC6 cells also reduced the expression of complexes I and II, with marginal significance (<I>P</I><0.1).</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Impairment of autophagy in pancreatic β-cells suppressed the expression of some mitochondrial respiratory complexes, and may contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction. Among the complexes, I and II seem to be most vulnerable to autophagy deficiency.</P>