간헐식 흐름방식을 활용한 수직 · 수평 습지의 정화효율 평가

주광진(Kwang Jin Joo),이동민(Dong Min Lee),김기중(Ki Jung Kim),조용철(Yong Chul Cho),장광현(Gwang Hyeon Jang),최이송(I Song Choi),오종민(Jong Min Oh) 응용생태공학회 2017 Ecology and resilient infrastructure Vol.4 No.3

본 연구에서는 부영양화의 원인이 되는 질소와 인의 제거 효율을 향상시킬 목적으로 광물질을 활용한 여재를 이용하여 호기, 혐기의 흐름조건을 만들어주기 위한 수직·수평 흐름 인공습지를 고안하여 아크릴 반응조로 제작한 후 성능평가를 진행하였다. 수직·수평 흐름형 인공습지의 경우 호기 및 혐기조건을 평가하기 위해서 반응조 내 용존산소(DO) 농도를 측정해본 결과 호기상태에서는 2.7 ㎎/L, 혐기상태에서는 N.D로 확인되어 목적에 부합된 결과가 확인되었다. 실험결과에서는 SS 저감효과가 140 min, 80 min, 60 min의 운전시간에서 각각 94%, 91%, 61%의 효율을 보였고, T-P의 경우 각각의 운전시간에 따라 84%, 71%, 63%의 저감효율을 보였다. 또한 T-N의 경우 각각의 운전시간에 따라 63%, 49%, 42%의 저감효율을 보여 기존의 습지가 12~24 hr 체류시간을 가지는 것에 비하여 짧은 운전시간에도 높은 처리효율을 보이는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구에서는 수직·수평 흐름 방식을 복합 적용하여 기존 인공습지의 단점을 보완하기 위해 기술개발을 진행한 것으로 어떠한 기능적 효과를 갖는지 확인하였고, 향후 이에 대한 현장적용을 위한 운영 및 관리적 차원의 메커니즘 연구가 추가로 진행 될 필요가 있다. Nitrogen and phosphorus are key factors in causing eutrophication of water body. In this study, ceramics media was selected to increase the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus. We designed vertical, horizontal flow constructed wetlands to create aerobic and anaerobic flow conditions by using the media, then proceeded to performance evaluations after acrylic reactors were produced. In the case of vertical and horizontal flow constructed wetlands, we measured oxygen concentrations to evaluate aerobic and anaerobic conditions. we got the result of 2.7 ㎎/L in the aerobic condition, N.D in the anaerobic condition respectively, which suited our purpose. The result of the combined vertical and horizontal flow condition showed that the removal efficiency of SS was 94%, 91%, 61% at 140 min, 80 min, 60 min of running times, respectively, and the removal efficiency of T-P was 84%, 71%, 63% during each running time. In case of T-N, the removal efficiency was 63%, 49%, 42% during each running time. We found that the reactor exerted better removal efficiency when in the short time compared to 12 - 24 hr residence time of existing wetlands. In this study, we conducted experiments to explore functional effects after applying combined vertical and horizontal flow methods in the field. Further study will be carried out to identify its mechanism and administrative perspective.

GO-41 : Single port laparoscopic trans-umbilical extra-peritoneal para-aortic lympadenectomy

( Min Jong Song ),( Joo Hee Yoon ) 대한산부인과학회 2012 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.99 No.-

A 59 year old woman affected by squamous carcinoma of the cervix, FIGO stage IIB, with enlarged external iliac and common iliac lymph nodes at a CT scan with, was scheduled to extra peritoneal paraaortic lymphadenectomy to rule out para-aortic lymph nodes metastasis and decide treatment modality. A 2 cm vertical incision was made at the midline of umbilicus. Open access of umbilicus wall was performed and the surgeon`s index finger and 10mm indicator were inserted into retroperitoneal space to bluntly develop it. After the introduction of Glove port disposable single port device, 12 mm Hg pressure of carbon dioxide gas was insufflated into retroperitoneal space. A 5 mm, 30° laparoscope was inserted into the right lower port, dissector into the left upper port and harmonic scalpel into the left lower poert. After identification retroperitoneal structure such as the psoasmuscle, iliac vessels, and ureter, development of the retroperitoneal space was continued till the identification of the inferior mesenteric artery. The lymphadenectomy specifically targeted the left-sided infra-mesenteric para-aortic spaces to exclude para-aortic lymph node metastasis. The operation was performed successfully without complication and any placement of retroperitoneal drain. Operative time was 130 min. 16 lymph nodes were removed and no metastasis was detected. Ambulation and dietary intake was started in day 0. Patient was discharged on day two. This report suggests that single port laparoscopic trans-umbilical extra-peritoneal para-aortic lymphadenectomy for surgical staging of locally advanced cervical cancer is feasible. Furthermore this procedure may reduce the chance of port site hernia and allow the patients to be taken following treatment.

Effects of Ovarian Cycle on Hemodynamic Responses during Dynamic Exercise in Sedentary Women

Hyun-Min Choi,Charles L. Stebbins,Hosung Nho,Mi-Song Kim,Myoung-Jei Chang,Jong-Kyung Kim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.17 No.6

This study tested the hypothesis that effects of the menstrual cycle on resting blood pressure carry over to dynamic exercise. Eleven healthy females were studied during the early (EP; low estrogen, low progesterone) and late follicular (LP; high estrogen, low progesterone) menstrual phases. Stroke volume (SV), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and total vascular conductance (TVC) were assessed at rest and in response to mild and moderate cycling exercise during EP and LP. During EP, compared to LP, baseline SBP (111±1 vs. 103±2 mmHg), DBP (71±2 vs. 65±2 mmHg) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (84±2 vs. 78±1 mmHg) were higher and TVC (47.0±1.5 vs. 54.9±4.2 ml/min/mmHg) was lower (p<0.05). During exercise, absolute values of SBP (Mild: 142±4 vs. 127±5 mmHg; Moderate: 157±4 vs. 144±5 mmHg) and MAP (Mild: 100±3 vs. 91±3 mmHg; Moderate: 110±3 vs. 101±3 mmHg) were also higher, while TVC was lower (Mild: 90.9±5.1 vs. 105.4±5.2 ml/min/mmHg; Moderate: 105.4±5.3 vs. 123.9±8.1 ml/ min/mmHg) during EP (p<0.05). However, exercise-induced increases in SBP, MAP and TVC at both work intensities were similar between the two menstrual phases, even though norepinephrine concentrations were higher during LP. Results indicate that blood pressure during dynamic exercise fluctuates during the menstrual cycle. It is higher during EP than LP and appears to be due to additive effects of simultaneous increases in baseline blood pressure and reductions in baseline TVC.

이산화티타늄계 광촉매를 이용한 벤젠의 처리 특성

전의찬,송민종,김전희 동신대학교 환경연구소 1999 환경연구 Vol.4 No.1

An available methods for abating VOC(including Benzene) are thermal or catalytic incineration, liquid absorption, solid adsorption, condensing, membranes, biodegradation and plasma discharge, but a number of defects are these VOC abating methods, including ; requires a auxiliary fuel, generate secondary pollutants(waste catalysts, waste absorbents, waste adsorbents, ozone, etc.), a large scale, etc.. But photoactive catalysts, when illuminated with UV-light, generate highly reactive radicals that can oxidize the organic contaminants in gas. One methods to increase the efficiency of the process, and thereby reduce the light energy requirement, is by developing more active catalysts. Because of, ball type TiO₂ catalyst were obtained commercially and/or prepared in laboratory were examined for their photoacivity, and they are TiO₂ added some annex(Al₂O₃, SiO₂, KsO, P₂O_(5), etc.). The organic compounds used to identify the best photo catalysis condition were benzene. This study also examined the impact of catalyst structure, light intensity, existence of oxygen as an electron acceptor and Benzene initial concentration on the reaction kinetics. Labratory experiments were performed to investigate TiO₂ photo catalysis for treating test gas contaminated with Benzene. and TiO₂ photo catalysis efficiency for mineralization of Benzene is also evaluated. The photo oxidation of Benzene was carried out in a photo catalytic reactor at room temperature. I performed BTX photo catalytic oxidation experiments using a single-pass annular reactor. The organic-contaminated gas was prepared in Teflon sampling bag(25L) and passing through photo catalytic reactor by vacuum pump which is located reactor outlet. The BTX diluted with mixture air or nitrogen gas. Flow rates for test gas stream were controlled by micro flow meter going out the reactor. The reactor illuminated with 15W near-UV lamp, BLB lamp or Fluorescent lamp. The light intensity at the catalyst surface were estimated to be 0.8 to 6mW cm-2s-1. The inner cell of the reactor was packed with ball type titanium dioxide(Ø 6mm). Benzene was determined by GC-FID of gas samples taken from the a glass sampling bulb which was located at reactor outlet by gas-tight syringe. TiO₂ photo catalysis for treating test gas contaminated with Benzene. and TiO₂ photo catalysis efficiency for mineralization of Benzene is also evaluated. Using the anatase type photo catalyst, Benzene conversion rate is greater than that of rutile(92% conversion of 100ppmv Benzene using anatase type photo catalyst, 80% conversion of 100ppmv Benzene using rutile type photo catalyst at 0.5L/min) Effect of light intensity on the rate of Benzene photo catalytic decomposition was investigated by three type lamps within the reactor. When light intensity to increase, the Benzene conversion rate to increase. Using the BLB lamp showed higher activity than the Fluorescent lamp, but UV lamp showed the hight photo catalytic activity(26% conversion of 100ppmv Benzene with Fluorescent lamp, 63.5% conversion of 100ppmv Benzene with BLB lamp, 92% conversion of 100ppmv Benzene with UV lamp at 0.5L/min). Experiments with added oxygen as an electron acceptor improved the reaction rate considerably(92% conversion of 100ppmv Benzene without oxygen, 66.1% conversion of same Benzene concentration with mixture air at 0.5L/min). The Benzene conversion rate begins to decrease while Benzene initial concentration begins to increase. We have thus concentrated our effects on the study of Benzene degradation kinetics in vary initial Benzene concentration.

이산화티타늄계 광촉매를 이용한 톨루엔의 처리 특성

전의찬,송민종,김전희 동신대학교 환경연구소 2000 환경연구 Vol.5 No.1

각종 급ㆍ만성의 건강장해를 일으킬 뿐만 아니라, 광화학 반응에 의해 오존을 형성하는 것으로 알려진 휘발성유기화합물 중 대표적인 물질인 톨루엔을 광촉매산화법으로 처리할 경우 최적 처리조건을 분석하고자 광촉매의 결정구조, 광원의 세기, 전자수용체로서 산소의 유무 등에 따른 톨루엔의 처리효율을 분석하였다. 실험결과 루틸령 결정구조에 비해 아나타제형 결정구조를 갖는 이산화티타늄의 톨루엔 처리효율이 높게 나타났으며, 광원의 세기가 높을수록 전자수용체로서 산소가 존재할 경우 높은 처리효율을 나타내었다. 시간과 공간적인 제약으로 물, 오존 그리고 증기와 같은 다양한 전자수용체가 존재할 경우의 톨루엔의 처리효율을 파악하지 못하였으며, 온도, 습도 및 촉매활성에 영향을 주는 여러 가지 인자들을 대상으로 그것들의 변화에 따른 처리효율의 고찰을 못하였다. 앞으로 보다 효율적인 이산화티타늄계 광촉매의 제조방법 개발과 이산화티타늄계 광촉매를 이용한 다양한 VOC 처리방법의 개발이 요구된다. An available methods for abating VOC(including Toluene) are thermal or catalytic incineration, liquid absorption, solid adsorption, condensing, membranes, biodegradation and plasma discharge, but a number of defects are these VOC abating methods, including ; requires a auxiliary fuel, generate secondary pollutants(waste catalysts, waste absorbents, waste adsorbents, ozone, etc.), a large scale, etc.. But photoactive catalysts, when illuminated with UV-light, generate highly reactive radicals that can oxidize the organic contaminants in gas. One methods to increase the efficiency of the process, and thereby reduce the light energy requirement, is by developing more active catalysts. Because of, ball type TiO2 catalyst were obtained commercially and/or prepared in laboratory were examined for their photoacivity, and they are TiO2 added some annex(Al203, SiO2, KsO, P205, etc.). The organic compounds used to identify the best photocatalysis condition were toluene. This study also examined the impact of catalyst structure, light intensity, existence of oxygen as an electron acceptor and Toluene initial concentration on the reaction kinetics. Labratory experiments were performed to investigate TiO2 photocataysis for treating test gas contaminated with Toluene. and TiO2 photocatalysis efficiency for mineralization of Toluene is also evaluated. The photooxidation of Toluene was carried out in a photocatalytic reactor at room temperature. I performed Toluene photocatalytic oxidation experiments using a single-pass annular reactor. The organic-contaminated gas was prepared in teflon sampling bag(25L) and passing through photocatalytic reactor by vacuum pump which is located reactor outlet. The Toluene diluted with mixture air or nitrogen gas. Flow rates for test gas stream were controlled by micro flow meter going out the reactor. The reactor illuminated with 15W near-UV lamp, BLB lamp or Fluorescent lamp. The light intensity at the catalyst surface were estimated to be 0.8 to 6㎽ ㎝-2s-1. The inner cell of the reactor was packed with ball type titanium dioxide(φ 6㎜). Toluene was determined by GC-FID of gas samples taken from the a glass sampling bulb which was located at reactor outlet by gas-tight syringe. TiO2 photocataysis for treating test gas contaminated with Toluene. and TiO2 photocatalysis efficiency for mineralization of Toluene is also evaluated. Using the anatase type photocatalyst, Touene conversion rate is greater than that of rutile(86.1% conversion of 100ppmv Toluene using anatase type photocatalyst, 78% conversion of 100ppmv Touene using rutile type photocatalyst at 0.5L/min) Effect of light intensity on the rate of Toluene photocatalytic decomposition was investigated by three type lamps within the reactor. When light intensity to increase, the Toluene conversion rate to increase. Using the BLB lamp showed higher activity than the Fluorescent lamp, but UV lamp showed the hight photocatalytic activity(19.1% conversion of 100ppmv Toluene with Fluorescent lamp, 60.4% conversion of 100ppmv Toluene with BLB lamp, 86.1% conversion of 100ppmv Toluene with UV lamp at 0.5L/min). Experiments with added oxygen as an electron acceptor improved the reaction rate considerably(86.1% conversion of 100ppmv Toluene without oxygen, 62.5% conversion of same Toluene concentration with mixture air at 0.5L/min).

가자의 즉각형 알레르기 반응 억제 효과

엄용대,신민교,이영미,김형민,신태용,정종길,송호준 대한본초학회 2000 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.15 No.1

We investigated the effects of methanol extract of Fructus Chebula (MEFC) on local and systemic anaphylaxis. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis inhibited to 61.42 12.8 % by oral administration of MEFC(I.0 glkg). MEFC inhibited compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic shock 100% with doses of 0.05-1.0 glkg . Administrations of MEFC (1.0 glkg) 60 min before, 5 min after, and 10 min after the compound 48/80 treatment were shown the mortality rates as 0%. MEFC (0.01-1.0 glkg) inhibited the histamine release significantly from the rat peritoneal mast cells by compound 48/80. These results indicate that MEFC inhibits mast cell mediated anaphylactic reactions by inhibition of mast cell degranulation in vivo and in vitro.

판막 질환에서의 심근 섬유화 : 심근 조직을 이용한 형태학적 연구 및 혈청 생화학적 지표의 분석

강수진,박덕우,송재관,박경민,송종민,강덕현,한기훈,송현,이재원,주석중,송명근,김정선 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

온풍 조건에서 수분 탈락 정도에 따른 피부 분류 및 개선 방안에 대한 연구

권오선 ( Oh Sun Kwon ),강현종 ( Hyun Jong Kang ),한승민 ( Seung Min Han ),윤지선 ( Ji S Eon Yoon ),조웅희 ( Woong Hee Cho ),오주영 ( Joo Young Oh ),임준만 ( Jun Man Lim ),송영숙 ( Young Sook Song ),박선규 ( Sun Gyoo Park ) 대한화장품학회 2020 대한화장품학회지 Vol.46 No.2

피부를 탄력있고 부드럽게 하는 역할은 각질층에 존재하는 수분량에 의해 좌우된다. 피부 수분량은 냉온풍, 건조환경 등 다양한 환경 변화에 의해 영향을 받음이 알려져 있으나, 개인 피부 차이에 따른 피부수분량 변화와 회복 정도에 대해서는 많은 연구가 이루어 지지 않은 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 온풍 조건하에서 피시험자들의 피부 수분 탈락 및 회복 정도를 비교 평가하여 새로운 피부 타입을 제시하고, 온풍 조건에서 저하되는 피부 수분량을 개선 시켜주는 효능 물질을 개발하고자 하였다. 온풍 환경 조성을 위해, 건강한 피험자(남: 10 명, 여: 39 명, 25 세 - 63 세)의 전완부에 온풍(30 cm, 40 ℃, 6 m/s)을 30 min 간 피부에 노출시켜, 피부 수분량의 변화를 평가하였다. 26명(남: 4 명, 여: 22 명, 평균 연령: 42.7 ± 9.4)이 온풍 노출전에 비하여 온풍 노출 후 수분량이 유의하게 감소하며, 노출 후 30 min이 지나도 회복이 되지 않았다. 온풍노출 후 수분량이 떨어지는 피험자(여: 10 명)를 대상으로 보수력이 높은 크림을 3 주간 전완부에 적용한 이후 동일 온풍 조건하에서 피부 수분량을 측정한 결과, 노출 30 min 후 피부 수분량이 온풍 노출 전 수준으로 회복됨을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 피부는 건조 조건에서 쉽게 수분을 잃어버리는 피부(탈수형 피부)가 존재하는 것을 확인하였다. 이는 앞으로 화장품 개발을 보습 기능뿐만 아니라, 이러한 환경변화에 따른 피부수분이 쉽게 빠져나가는 피부(탈수형 피부)의 특성에 맞는 제품의 효능 개발이 필요함을 보여준다. Elasticity and softness of the skin depend on the level of moisture present in the stratum corneum, which is known to be affected by various environmental changes, such as cold and hot winds and dry environments. However, not many studies have been conducted on changes in skin moisture and the degree of recovery due to individual skin differences. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of warm air heating on skin hydration levels and develop moisturizing formulas to improve lowered skin hydration levels. In order to deliver warm air heating condition, heating dryer (40 ℃, 6 m/s, 30 cm apart from forearm) was applied into inner forearm of healthy subjects (male: 10, female: 39, age: 25 - 63) Among 49 subjects, 26 subjects showed significantly lowered skin hydration levels until 30 min after warm air heating exposure (lowered group). In addition, moisturizing cream with high water holding capacity was applied to forearm of 10 subjects in lowered group for 3 weeks and skin hydration levels after warm air heating were significantly improved at the levels of before application of warm air heating. From this study, we found out that there is a skin type that skin hydration levels are significantly decreased under warm air heating condition (dehydrated skin) and this dehydrated skin can be improved by moisturizing formulas with high water holding capacity.

불투수성 지역의 강우유출수에 대한 비점오염물질의 초기유출현상 분석

안태웅(Tae Ung Ahn),범봉수(Bong Su Bum),김태훈(Tae Hoon Kim),최이송(I Song Choi),오종민(Jong Min Oh) 大韓環境工學會 2013 대한환경공학회지 Vol.35 No.9

본 연구에서는 불투수성 지역에서 강우시 비점오염원 유출특성을 파악하고, 다양한 해석방법을 통하여 비점오염물질의 초기유출현상을 규명하고자 하였다. 불투수성 지역에서의 강우사상 특성은 강우강도의 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났으며, 강우강도가 크면 초기유출현상이 뚜렷하게 나타나는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 선행무강우일수에 의해서 비점오염물질의 농도차가 큰 것으로 나타나, 이에 대한 대책 마련이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 비점오염원의 초기유출에 의한 감소율(DR) 평가 결과, 강우시 불투수성 지역에서의 비점오염 유출특성은 건기시 불투수면에 집적되어 있던 비점오염물질이 초기강우에 의해 높은 농도로 유출되는 경향을 보였기 때문에 초기강우로 인한 비점오염물질에 대한 대책을 마련하는 것은 중요하고, 이와 관련하여 비점오염 처리시설에 대한 용량 산정에 대한 평가도 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 초기유출에 의한 감소율(DR)경향 분석은 비점오염물질에 대하여 감소율(DR) 50%를 기준으로 조사지점별 강우유출시간을 분석하였는데, TSS는 15~60min으로 나타났으며, 유기물질은 30~90 min으로 나타나는 경향을 보였지만 강우유출이 끝날 때까지도 감소율(DR)이 50% 이하인 특성도 나타났다. 이를 근거로 하여 향후 구조적 BMPs 시설 설계 시 참고자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. In this study, trend analysis was performed by various runoff analysis method of Non-point Pollution Source(NPS) at the impervious area. The characteristics of rainfall at impervious area appeared to be influenced by rainfall strength and it appeared that first flush phenomenon occurs often if rainfall strength acts largely. It is judged that the measure is required to be prepared against that now that concentration difference of non-point pollution source appeared to be big by precedent number of days of no rainfall. As the result of calculating Decrease Rate (DR) by first flush of non-point pollution source, it is judged that it is important to prepare the measure against the pollutants about initial rain and it is necessary to calculate the capacity of non-point pollution source processing facilities regarding that now that the non-point pollution source integrated at impervious area showed the characteristics that are flowed out in high concentration by initial rain in case of non-rainfall considering the characteristics of non-point pollution source at impervious area. When taking 50% of non-point pollution source as the standard for decrease rate that was evaluated previously, it appeared as 15~60 min in case of TSS and it appeared as 30~90 min in case of organic compound, but the characteristic whose decrease rate is below 50% also appeared even till rainfall-runoff ends. Based on that, it is judged that it could be used as the reference when designing the structural BMPs facilities later.

쇠뼈를 이용한 산미스트의 흡착 및 제거

송민종,서성은,전의찬 동신대학교 환경연구소 1997 환경연구 Vol.2 No.1

금속표면처리시설과 축전지 제조시설 둥에서 발생하는 산미스트를 효과적으로 제거하기 위하여 질산미스트 및 황산미스트를 포함하고 있는 오염된 공기를 가정과 대중음식점 등에서 폐기물로 발생되는 소의 뼈(이하 '쇠뼈')를 이용하여 흡착제거함으로써 쇠뼈의 흡착제로서의 타당성을 평가하였다. 음식점에서 폐기물로 발생하는 쇠뼈를 탈회한 후 분쇄하여 황산미스트와 질산미스트를 흡착시켜 제거하고자, 흡착제의 크기와 흡착제의 량을 달리하면서 흡착 실험한 결과 흡착제의 크기를 작게 할수록, 흡착제의 량을 많이 할수록, 질산미스트 및 황산미스트를 흡수시킨 흡수액의 pH는 증가하였으며, 질산미스트 및 황산미스트의 농도는 감소하여 각각 97.29%와 96.09%의 제거율을 나타내었다. 쇠뼈를 이용한 질산미스트와 황산미스트의 흡착제거시 제거율이 높은 것은 쇠뼈의 성분에 가장 많이 함유되어 있는 칼슘화합물과 산미스트와의 산염기 반응에 의한 것으로 분석되었으며. 이에 따라 식당이나 가정에서 폐기물로 발생되는 쇠뼈는 본 실험에서와 같이 탈회 및 파쇄과정을 거쳐 흡착능을 갖도록 하면 산미스트와 같은 특정한 오염물질을 선택적으로 제거하는 데 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. This study was carried out to investigate the adsorptive efficiency of cow bone. And adsorbates were nitric acid-mist and sulfuric acid-mist. As particle size of cow bone was decreased, removal efficiency of nitric acid-mist increased from 10.72ppm(before treatment) to 0.29ppm(after treatment) and those of sulfuric acid-mist was increased from 222.04ppm(before treatment) to 8.67ppm(after treatment) These results suggested that cow bone is a effective adsorbent for treatment of acid-mist