간헐식 흐름방식을 활용한 수직 · 수평 습지의 정화효율 평가

주광진(Kwang Jin Joo),이동민(Dong Min Lee),김기중(Ki Jung Kim),조용철(Yong Chul Cho),장광현(Gwang Hyeon Jang),최이송(I Song Choi),오종민(Jong Min Oh) 응용생태공학회 2017 Ecology and resilient infrastructure Vol.4 No.3

본 연구에서는 부영양화의 원인이 되는 질소와 인의 제거 효율을 향상시킬 목적으로 광물질을 활용한 여재를 이용하여 호기, 혐기의 흐름조건을 만들어주기 위한 수직·수평 흐름 인공습지를 고안하여 아크릴 반응조로 제작한 후 성능평가를 진행하였다. 수직·수평 흐름형 인공습지의 경우 호기 및 혐기조건을 평가하기 위해서 반응조 내 용존산소(DO) 농도를 측정해본 결과 호기상태에서는 2.7 ㎎/L, 혐기상태에서는 N.D로 확인되어 목적에 부합된 결과가 확인되었다. 실험결과에서는 SS 저감효과가 140 min, 80 min, 60 min의 운전시간에서 각각 94%, 91%, 61%의 효율을 보였고, T-P의 경우 각각의 운전시간에 따라 84%, 71%, 63%의 저감효율을 보였다. 또한 T-N의 경우 각각의 운전시간에 따라 63%, 49%, 42%의 저감효율을 보여 기존의 습지가 12~24 hr 체류시간을 가지는 것에 비하여 짧은 운전시간에도 높은 처리효율을 보이는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구에서는 수직·수평 흐름 방식을 복합 적용하여 기존 인공습지의 단점을 보완하기 위해 기술개발을 진행한 것으로 어떠한 기능적 효과를 갖는지 확인하였고, 향후 이에 대한 현장적용을 위한 운영 및 관리적 차원의 메커니즘 연구가 추가로 진행 될 필요가 있다. Nitrogen and phosphorus are key factors in causing eutrophication of water body. In this study, ceramics media was selected to increase the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus. We designed vertical, horizontal flow constructed wetlands to create aerobic and anaerobic flow conditions by using the media, then proceeded to performance evaluations after acrylic reactors were produced. In the case of vertical and horizontal flow constructed wetlands, we measured oxygen concentrations to evaluate aerobic and anaerobic conditions. we got the result of 2.7 ㎎/L in the aerobic condition, N.D in the anaerobic condition respectively, which suited our purpose. The result of the combined vertical and horizontal flow condition showed that the removal efficiency of SS was 94%, 91%, 61% at 140 min, 80 min, 60 min of running times, respectively, and the removal efficiency of T-P was 84%, 71%, 63% during each running time. In case of T-N, the removal efficiency was 63%, 49%, 42% during each running time. We found that the reactor exerted better removal efficiency when in the short time compared to 12 - 24 hr residence time of existing wetlands. In this study, we conducted experiments to explore functional effects after applying combined vertical and horizontal flow methods in the field. Further study will be carried out to identify its mechanism and administrative perspective.

조혈모세포이식 환자에서 발생한 Cytomegalovirus 질환의 특징 : 일개 대학변원에서 최근 10년간의 경험

최수미,이동건,박선희,김시현,김유진,민창기,김희제,이석,최정현,유진홍,김동욱,이종욱,민우성,신완식,김춘추 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.1

Background : Studies on cytomegalovirus (CMV) diseases in Korean hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are lacking and do not reflect the recent trends of advances and changes. Therefore, we tried to analyze the clinical features of CMV diseases in HSCT recipients over the past 10 years at a tertiary university hospital in Korea. Methods : Retrospective review of medical records was done for all adult HSCT patients who received transplant at the Catholic HSCT Center from January 1998 to January 2008. Results : Forty-four cases (2.2%) of CMV diseases were identified. CMV pneumonia was diagnosed in 17 patients, retinitis in 16 patients, enterocolitis in 7 patients, esophagitis 1 patient, gastritis in 1 patient, duodenitis in 1 patient, and hepatitis in 1 patient. The median onset of symptom was 90 days after transplantation. Late CMV diseases accounted for 47.7%. CMV related death varied from 0 to 58.8% according to the involved organ. CMV retinitis was diagnosed relatively later in the course of transplantation mostly in patients who had chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD). On the contrary, CMV enterocolitis mainly occurred in patients who suffered from acute GVHD. The overall concurrent CMV reactivation was documented to be 63.6%: the concurrent CMV reactivation was observed only in 37.5% of patients with retinitis. Conclusions : We observed some differences in the pattern of CMV disease manifestation according to the involved organ and reconfirmed the fact that CMV pneumonia is the most common and fatal disease in HSCT recipients. Additionally, CMV retinitis was not uncommon in HSCT recipients. Since specific marker does not exist in predicting retinitis, regular ocular examination should be done thoroughly, especially in patients with chronic GVHD.

The effect of FK506 (tacrolimus) loaded with collagen membrane and fibrin glue on promotion of nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve traction injury model

Jin-Hong Kim,Young-Jin Choi,Han-Ick Park,Kang-Min Ahn 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2022 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.44 No.-

Background: Peripheral nerve injury is one of the most common injuries that might occur in oral and maxillofacialsurgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of FK506 loaded with collagen membrane and fibringlue on the promotion of nerve regeneration after traction nerve injury in a rat model. Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: group A (n = 10), a sham group whosesciatic nerve was exposed without any injury; and groups B (n = 10) and C (n = 10), which underwent tractionnerve injury using 200 g of traction force for 1 min. The injured nerve in group C was covered with a collagenmembrane soaked with FK506 (0.5 mg/0.1 mL) and fibrin glue. Functional analysis and microscopic evaluation wereperformed at 2 and 4 weeks after injury. Results: The sciatic function index was ? 5.78 ± 3.07 for group A, ? 20.69 ± 5.22 for group B, and ? 12.01 ± 4.20for group C at 2 weeks after injury. However, at 4 weeks, the sciatic function index was ? 5.58 ± 2.45 for group A, ?19.69 ± 4.81 for group B, and ? 11.95 ± 1.94 for group C. In both periods, statistically significant differences werefound among the groups (p<0.017). Histomorphometric evaluation revealed improved nerve regeneration in groupC compared to that in group B. However, no statistical differences in axonal density were found among the threegroups (p < 0.017). Conclusion: Localized FK506 with collagen membrane and fibrin glue could promote axonal regeneration in a ratmodel of traction nerve injury.

Polyphosphate가 Porphyromonas endodontalis의 성장에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

최성백,최호영,민병순,박상진,이진용,최기운 大韓齒科保存學會 1998 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.23 No.1

Polyphosphate has been used to prevent decomposition of foods and has been shown to have inhibitory effect on the growth of gram positive bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of polyphosphate on the growth of Porphyromonas endodontalis, a gram negative endodontopathic bacterium. Porphyromonas endodontalis ATCC 35406 was grown in the presence of polyphosphates with different chain lengths. Inhibitory effect of each polyphosphate which was added at the beginnig or during the culture, was determined by measuring the optical density of the bacterial cell at 540nm and by viable cell count. The results from this study were as follows : 1. Polyphosphates were shown the growth inhibition of the Porphyromonas endodontalis. 2. The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) of polyphosphate was observed to be 0.04%. 3. Polyphosphates with chain lengths of 25 and 75 demonstrated the greatest inhibitory effect on the growth of Porphyromonas endodontalis. 4. Polyphosphates are bactericidal to Porphyromonas endodontalis, demonstrating the growth inhibition of the bacterium. The overall results suggest that use of polyphosphate may affect the growth of Porphyromonas endodontalis. Further studies will be needed to confirm the effect of Polyphosphate.

국내 조혈모세포이식 환자에서 Human Cytomegalovirus gB 유전형의 분포와 질환과의 연관성 : 예비 보고

최수미,김진희,이동건,박선희,최정현,유진홍,박철민,이종욱,민우성,황응수,신완식,김춘추 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.2

목적 : 사람 거대세포바이러스(Human cytomegalovirus, 이하 HCMV) glycoprotein B (gB)는 UL55 유전자에 의해 부호화되는 당단백으로, UL55 유전자의 염기서열변화에 따라 4가지 유전형으로 나뉜다. 본 연구에서는 국내 조혈모세포이식 환자들에서 HCMV gB 유전형의 분포와 그 특성을 알아보고, gB 유전형에 따라 특정 HCMV 질환 발생과 연관이 있는지 그 임상적 의미를 분석해 보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 동종 조혈모세포이식 환자 52명의 혈액검체 94개에 대해, Chou 등이 제시한 방법에 따라, 먼저 UL55 유전자 부위를 nested PCR로 증폭한 후, RsaI과HinfI으로 Restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) 분석을 시행하였다. 결과 : gB type 1은 73.1% (38/52), gB type 2는 13.5%(7/52), gB type 3는 1.9% (1/52), gB type 1과 type 2에 의한 혼합감염은 9.6% (5/52)로 나타났다. gB type 4는 관찰되지 않았다. 1명(1.9%)에서 gB 유전형을 결정할 수 없었는데, RFLP 패턴으로 보아 Trincado 등이 제시한 gB type 7에 해당하는 것으로 생각되었고, 이 새로운 아형에 대해서는 현재 염기서열 분석 중이다. 52명 중 5명(9.6%)에서 HCMV 질환이 발생하였고, 3명에서 HCMV 폐렴, 1명에서 망막염과 위장관염, 나머지 1명에서 망막염이 발생하였다. 5명 중 HCMV 질환과 관련하여 사망한 예는 없었고, 감염된 HCMV는 모두 gB type 1이었다. HCMV gB유전형과 HCMV 질환 발생 사이에 유의한 연관성은 없었고, 단일 주에 의한 감염과 혼합감염에 따른 HCMV 질환발생 사이에도 유의한 연관성은 관찰되지 않았다. 자료 분석 중 gB type 2에 감염되어 있던 환자에서 gB type 1에 재감염 되면서 발열, 간효소 수치 상승 및 pp65 HCMV 항원혈증이 나타난 예가 있었다. 결론 : 연구결과 gB type 1이 아주 우세하고, gB type 4는 검출되지 않았으며, 혼합감염의 빈도가 비교적 낮은 분포를 보였다. 이는 외국의 보고와는 다른 국내 조혈모세포이식 환자에서의 독톡한 감염 양상으로 추정된다. 본 연구에서 HCMV gB 유전형과 질환 발생과의 연관성을 밝힐 수는 없었으나, HCMV 유전형에 대한 연구는 바이러스 감염의 발병기전이나 전파 경로 및 양식과 같은 역학적 연구에 중요한 자료가 될 것이다. 현재 더 많은 수의 조혈모세포이식 환자를 대상으로 연구가 진행 중에 있으며, 앞으로 다른 질환군의 환자나 건강한 잠복 감염자에서의 추가 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Background : Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) glycoprotein B (gB) is the major envelope glycoprotein, encoded by the UL55 gene. Based on sequence variation in the UL55 gene, HCMV can be classified into four gB genotypes. Previous studies have suggested an association between HCMV gB genotypes and clinical outcome in the immunocompromised hosts. The goal of this study was to determine the distribution of HCMV gB genotypes and the effect of gB genotype in the developement of HCMV diseases in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients in Korea. Materials and Methods : DNA was extracted from 94 blood specimen of 52 allogeneic HSCT recipients with HCMV infection. HCMV gB genotype was determined using polymerase chain reaction to amplify a region of UL55, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis based on RsaI and HinfI digestion. Results : The distribution of gB types were as follows: gB1, 73.1% (38/52) of patients; gB2, 13.5% (7/52); gB3, 1.9% (1/52) and mixed infection (gB1 and gB2), 9.6% (5/52). While gB4 was not detected, a new genotype (described as gB7 by Trincado et al, 2000) was identified on the basis of their RFLP pattern. During average 708 days’ follow up period, HCMV diseases developed in 5 patients. All of them had gB1 genotype. There was no statistically significant association between the incidence of HCMV diseases and the gB genotypes. Re-infection with gB1 strain was detected in one patient who had been previously infected with gB2. This episode was associated with fever, elevated liver enzyme and positive antigenemia. Conclusion : HCMV gB1 was the dominant genotype and no gB4 was detected in allogeneic HSCT recipients in Korea, which is an unique pattern compared with the previous reports. Although we can not find significant association between the HCMV diseases and the gB genotypes, genotyping of HCMV will serve in the study of pathogenesis and transmission of this virus in transplant patients. Further study is underway with large study population.

갑상선 기능항진증 환자에서 인슐린감수성 및 인슐린분비능의 변화

최은진,강호철,이태희,정민영,이대호,장연진,박상선,조재현 대한내분비학회 1994 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.9 No.2

The impairement of glucose metabolism is frequently associated in hyperthyroidism. The present study was performed to determine the effect of the thyroid hormone excess on insulin sensitivity and on insulin secretory function in vivo. Ten newly diagnosed hyperthyroid patients and fifteen healthy control subjects were subjected to frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests(FSIGT) after an overnight fast. Insulin sensitivity, represented by the insulin sensitivity index(S_1), was assessed by minimal model analysis of FSIGT data. Insulin secretion was measured by the total area under the insulin curve after glucose load. The results were as follows. 1) The K_G values, which represent glucose tolerance, were not different between the hyperthyroid patients and the normals(2.2+-0.3 vs. 2.5+-0.3%/min, p$gt;0.05). 2) S_1 was significantly decreased in the hyperthyroid patients in comparison to the normals(7.5+-1.4 vs. 2.6+-0.3X10^-4 min^-1/uU/ml, p$lt;0.05). 3) The basal insulin concentration was higher in the hyperthyroid patients than in the normals(8.3+-2.4 vs. 4.6+-0.4 uU/ml, p=0.07). In addition, the insulin secretory response to a glucose load was increased in the hyperthyroid patients as evidenced by the peak plasma insulin level(168.2+-30.4 vs. 89.2+-13.9 uU/ml, p$lt;0.05) and by the total area under the insulin curve(2641.1+-443.2 vs. 1696.7+-204.3 min uU/ml, p$lt;0.05). These results clearly demonstrated that insulin sensitivity was impaired in these newly diagnosed hyperthyroid patients. However, glucose tolerance was maintained by the increased insulin secretion (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 9:108-114, 1994).

조혈모세포이식 환자에서 침습성 진균 감염에 대한 이트라코나졸 액과 플루코나졸 시럽의 예방 효과 : 전향적, 무작위, 비교 임상시험

최수미,이동건,최정현,박선희,엄기성,김유진,김희제,민창기,유진홍,김동욱,이종욱,민우성,신완식,김춘추 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.2

목적 : 조혈모세포이식 환자에서 호중구 감소 기간 동안 이트라코나졸 액(ITZS)과 플루코나졸 시럽(FCZS)의 진균 감염에 대한 예방 효과를 전향적으로 비교해 보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2001년 8월부터 2002년 6월까지 가톨릭 조혈모세포이식센터에 입원하여 동종 조혈모세포이식을 받은 만 18세 이상의 환자들을 각각 ITZS와 FCZS군으로 무작위 배정하여 침습성 진균 감염 발생과 약제 관련 부작용을 전향적으로 조사하였다. 결과 : ITZS군에 40명, FCZS군에 38명이 배정되었고, FCZS군 환자의 평균 나이가 더 많았다. 시험 약제 평균투여기간은 ITZS군 16.4일, FCZS군 21.9일로 ITZS군이 더 짧았다. 이는 ITZS군에서 소화기 부작용으로 인한 약제 중단이 더 많았기 때문으로 보인다. 시험 약제 투여 후 총 빌리루빈 수치의 유의한 증가가 관찰되었으나, 약제 관련 부작용은 모든 환자에서 가역적이었다. 호중구감소 기간동안 표재성 진균 감염은 두 군에서 모두 발생하지 않았고, 침습성 진균 감염은 ITZS군 5명(12.5%), FCZS군 8명(21.1%)으로 FCZS군에서 많았으나, 통계학적으로 유의하지 않았고, 사망률에도 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론 : 침습성 진균 감염에 대한 이트라코나졸 액과플루코라졸 시럽의 예방 효과에 유의한 차이는 없었으나, 앞으로 더 많은 환자를 대상으로 잘 짝지어진 대조군 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다. 부작용 중 간독성과 관련하여 이식시 투여되는 여러 약제들과의 상호작용에 대한 연구도 필요할 것이다. Background : Though fluconazole is widely used for antifungal prophylaxis, it is ineffective against mould infections including Aspergillus species. Itraconazole has a broader spectrum than fluconazole but the capsule form shows erratic bioavailability in neutropenic patients. In this study, we compared itraconazole oral solution (ITZS) with fluconazole syrup (FCZS) for the prevention of invasive fungal infection (IFI) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Materials and Methods : Adults receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from september 2001 to June 2002, were randomly allocated to either the ITZS group or the FCZS group. We prospectively evaluated the safety and efficacy of each drug. Results : Out of 78 patients (40 patients in the ITZS group and 38 patients in the FCZS group) who were eligible for this study, 37 patients completed the course of prophylaxis without any evidence of IFI. The mean duration of prophylaxis was 16.4 days for the ITZS group and 21.9 days for the FCZS group (P<0.006). Drug-related adverse events occurred in 28 patients (70.0%) and 19 patients (50.0%) in the ITZS group and the FCZS group, respectively. Common adverse events of ITZS were nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Drug-related reversible hepatotoxicity occurred in 4 patients in the ITZS group. There was a significant elevation of total bilirubin level in the ITZS group. The incidence of suspected IFI occurred in 5 patients (12.5%) who received ITZS, compared with 8 (21.1%) who received FCZS (P=0.372). There were no proven IFIs or superficial (oral/vaginal) fungal infections in both groups. Overall mortality was not different between the two groups (2.5% in the ITZS group versus 5.3% in the FCZS group, P=0.610). Conclusion : ITZS and FCZS showed similar protection against IFI during pre-engraftment period. Poor tolerability due to gastrointestinal troubles of ITZS might limit its success as prophylactic therapy. Well matched controlled study with large number of patients will be required in the future.

Controlled post-sulfurization process for higher efficiency nontoxic solution-deposited CuIn_0.7Ga_0.3Se₂ absorber thin films with graded bandgaps

Jang, Jin Woo,Lee, Seung Min,Choi, Ik Jin,Cho, Yong Soo ELSEVIER SCIENCE 2017 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.710 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A practical way of adjusting post-sulfurization process with variable durations is proposed to improve the cell-conversion efficiency of non-toxic solution driven CuIn<SUB>0.7</SUB>Ga<SUB>0.3</SUB>Se<SUB>2</SUB> absorber thin films. The degree of bandgap grading was controllable by changing the sulfurization time from 2 min to 30 min due to the dissimilar distribution of sulfur across the absorber layer. Deeper intensified distributions of Ga and S were responsible for enhancements in the open-circuit voltage and cell-conversion efficiency. A competitive efficiency of ∼8.81% for the 10 min-sulfurized CIGSSe cell was achieved with other promising parameters, i.e., short-circuit current density of 33.17 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, open-circuit voltage of 0.496 V, and fill factor of 53.5%, resulting from the improved carrier collection and reduced recombination by the bandgap grading. This improved efficiency corresponds to a ∼15.6% enhancement compared to the unsulfurized sample.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Controlled post-sulfurization process enhances cell efficiency of CuIn<SUB>0.7</SUB>Ga<SUB>0.3</SUB>Se<SUB>2</SUB>. </LI> <LI> Sulfur penetrates easily toward the back contact with concentration gradient. </LI> <LI> A graded bandgap structure is responsible for the improved charge collection. </LI> <LI> The achieved cell efficiency of ∼8.81% corresponds to the ∼15.6% enhancement. </LI> <LI> Actual bandgap variations are projected on the basis of elemental distributions. </LI> </UL> </P>

트레드밀 운동시 흡기근 테이핑이 폐활량에 미치는 영향

김민지,신수영,송월섭,조수진,최동락,황미진,황진규,박진현,김경,Dennis W. Fell 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2011 再活科學硏究 Vol.29 No.1

이 연구는 트레드밀 운동과 키네시오 테이핑의 효과에 따른 폐활량의 변화를 알아보기 위해 26명의 비흡연자가 참가하였으며 키네시오 테이핑을 적용하지 않은 그룹과 키네시오 테이핑을 적용한 두 그룹으로 무작위로 배정하고 각 군들을 주 3회 6주간의 트레드밀 훈련을 실시하였다. 실험 전과 후, 스파이로미터를 사용하여 키네시오 테이핑의 적용 따른 폐활량 변화 효과를 측정하였다. 이 연구의 결과를 종합해보면 키네시오 테이핑을 적용 그룹에서 적용하지 않은 그룹에 비해 FVC, FEV1에서 유의한 증가를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 건강한 성인에서 키네시오 테이핑을 적용한 경우 키네시오 테이핑을 적용하지 않고 트레드밀 운동을 한 경우보다 폐활량의 향상에 효과적이라고 생각되어진다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the variation of vital capacity(VC) according to the effects of kinesio taping with treadmill exercise. Twenty-six non-smokers were participated in this research and these subjects were randomly assigned into two groups. To measure the VC variation effects of kinesio taping, spirometer was used. The collected data were analyzed statistically by using a paired Mauchly test and repeated measure ANOVA. The results of this study were as follows; A group: treadmill with kinesio taping B group: treadmill without kinesio taping. Between A and B, there were significant differences. In the case of A group, there was 11.66% increase of VC, during 3 weeks experiment(p<.01). In the case of B group, there were significant differences, 3.35% increase of VC, during 3 weeks taping intervention(p<.01). After 6 weeks experiment, the improvement of VC shown a significant difference with intergroup (p<.05). From this result, it was revealed that treadmill exercise with kinesio taping was effective to improve VC to healthy adult than treadmill exercise without kinesio taping.

백서 척수후근절로부터 슈반세포의 효과적인 체외 배양법

김성민,이종호,김남열,안강민,최원재,최시호,차미주,이주영,황순정,장정원,명훈,최진영,서병무,정필훈,김명진 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.4

Schwann cells(SCs), an important component of the peripheral nervous system, intract with nerous to mutually support growth and replication for the peripheral nerve regentation. Recently, ading SCs to the lumen of guidance channel is widely tried to improve regeneration or to make regeneration possible over otherwise irreparable gaps. however, it is not easy to isolate and multiplicate SCs as much as enough to help the axonal regeneration. For the allogeneic SCs source for tubular nerve guidance, we developed a little bit improved technique of harvesting and multiplicating SCs. by culturing dispersed dorsal root ganglia in specially designed medium with growth factors and serial processing, we repeatedlly generate relatively homogenous SC cultures. Our technique was compared with other methods of literature using immunostaining methods such as GFAP, S100, BDNF and the total SC count assessment at different time interval after primary culture.