12주간의 유산소운동과 통근수단 전환이 비만 중년 남성의 신체구성과 혈중 지질에 미치는 영향

이소라(Lee, So-Ra),김예영(Kim, Yae-Yeong),정원상(Jung, Won-Sang),이만균(Lee, Man-Gyoon) 한국체육과학회 2015 한국체육과학회지 Vol.24 No.2

The study was designed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise and change of commuting mode to public transportation on body composition and blood lipid profiles in middle-aged obese men. Forty subjects, aged 30-50 yrs, whose BMI was higher than 25 kg · m-2, were randomly assigned to one of three groups, i.e., aerobic exercise training group(AT; n=13), change of commuting mode group(CCM; n=14), and control group(CON; n=13). Subjects in the AT participated in aerobic exercise program, peformed at 40-75% of HRR, 15-35 min/session, 3 sessions/wk for 12 weeks, and subjects in the CCM changed the commuting mode from their own vehicle to public transportation 5 day/wk, 10 times/wk for 12 weeks. Subject in the CON were asked to maintain their normal life patterns during the same intervention period. Variables regarding body composition and blood lipid profiles were measured in pre-test and post-test, and the results were compared among three groups and between two tests. Main results of the present study were as follows: l) Walking amount increased significantly in only CCM as treated. 2) Body weight, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, body mass index, body fat, and fat mass decrease significantly in the AT, while body weight, body mass index, body fat, and fat mass decreased significantly in the CCM (P〈.05), 3) LDL-C decreased significantly in the AT(P〈.01) and the CCM(P〈.05). It was concluded that 12 weeks of change of commuting mode to public transportation as well as aerobic exercise would be beneficial for improving variables regarding body composition and blood lipid profiles. Increment of physical activity by changing to public transportation from their own vehicle would be helpful to prevent obesity and dyslipidemia.

승무 좌우치기 동작 시 숙련도와 류파에 따른 손목의 각도, 각속도 및 근활성도의 비교 분석

홍경아(Hong Kyung-A),김현숙(Kim Hyun-Sook),이만균(Lee Man-Gyoon) 한국체육과학회 2011 한국체육과학회지 Vol.20 No.2

The purpose of this study was to compare joint angle, angular velocity, and EMG activity of wrist during ‘Joa-u-chigi’ according to skill level and style of ‘Seungmu’. Ten skilled dancers and ten collegiate students majoring in Korean dance participated in the study. Dependent variables were measured and compared according to skill level as well as between skilled dances of both styles. Main results were as follows: 1) No significant difference was found in angular velocity and muscle activity between skilled and unskilled of ‘Mae-Bang Lee’ style. However, the timing of the snap was different according to skill level. 2) Angular velocity and muscle activity was higher in skilled than unskilled of ‘Young-Sook Han’ style. 3) The range of changes in angle of wrist during ‘Joa-u-chigi’ was similar between ‘Mae-Bang Lee’ style and ‘Young-Soak Han’ style; however, the timing when the changes occurred was different according to the dance style. Angular velocity and muscle activity during ‘Joa-u-chigi’ were higher in skilled of ‘Young-Soak Han’ style than skilled of ‘Mae-Bang Lee’ style. It was concluded that the movement of wrist during ‘Joa-u-chigi’ was performed with better timing as well as in smoother and stronger fashion in skilled than unskilled in both styles.

승무 좌우치기 동작 중 숙련도와 류파에 따른 어깨 각도, 각속도 및 근활성도의 비교

홍경아(Hong, Kyung-A),김현숙(Kim, Hyun-Sook),이만균(Lee, Man-Gyoon) 한국체육과학회 2013 한국체육과학회지 Vol.22 No.6

This study was designed to compare joint angle, angular velocity, and EMG activity of shoulder during "Joa-u-chigi" according to skill level and style of "Seungmu". Ten skilled and ten unskilled Korean dancers participated in the study. Dependent variables were compared according to skill level as well as between skilled dances of both styles. Main results were as follows: 1) In "Mae-Bang Lee" style, the amount of changes in angle and angular velocity were greater in skilled than unskilled. In addition, EMG activity of trapezius was greater at P1 and P3 in skilled than unskilled. 2) In "Young-Sook Han" style, angle and angular velocity of shoulder were not changed from middle of P1 to end of P2 in unskilled, indicating that their shoulder was not moved properly. 3) The movement of "Young-Sook Han" style started with greater angle of shoulder than "Mae-Bang Lee" style. Range of changes in angular velocity of "Young-Sook Han" style was greater than "Mae-Bang Lee" style throughout the movement. Conclusion was that the movement of shoulder during "Joa-u-chigi" was performed with more balanced manner as well as in smoother and stronger fashion in skilled than unskilled in both styles. These results would be expected to be applied well in the field of education as a very meaningful information.

무용전공 여대생의 전공 및 경력에 따른 성격특성 비교 분석

이종희,정윤영,이만균 경희대학교 체육대학 한국체육과학연구소 2003 體育學論文集 Vol.31 No.-

This study was designed to compare the characteristics of personality according to major and career in female college students majoring in modern dance, ballet, and Korean dance. The characteristics of personality was investigated utilizing survey in 120 female college students majoring in dance at K University. Among 120 survey results, 10 survey data were excluded due to statistical problem and 110 survey data were included for final data analysis. Subjects were well-distributed according to the major, i.e., 32 Korean dance, 40 ballet, and 38 modern dance. Their careers were divided into three categories, i.e., 1-3 years, 4-6 years, and 7-9 years for the statistical analysis. The sub-categories of personality in this study included activity-inactivity, emotional stability-instability, dominance-submission reflectiveness-impulsiveness, sociability, autonomy-heteronomy, achievement-nonachievement, neurosis, psychosis, and anti-social behaviors. The results obtained as a result of statistical analysis utilizing one-way ANOVA and Sheffe post-hoc test are summarized as follows: First, dominance of students in Korean dance was significantly higher than students in ballet, achievement and anti-social behavior of students in Korean dance and modern dance were significantly higher than students in ballet. Second, activity and sociality of high-career students were significantly higher than low-career students. reflectiveness in low-career students was significantly higher than high-career students. It was concluded that the characteristics of personality could be partly affected by major and career in female college student majoring in modern dance.

운동 트레이닝이 기초대사량에 미치는 영향 : 선행연구간 연구방법의 차이점과 표준화 방안 discrepancies and standardization of experimental design

이만균,박찬호 경희대학교 체육과학연구소 2001 體育學論文集 Vol.29 No.-

Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is the minimum energy expenditure necessary for maintenance of critical body function. Although many scientists have attempted to investigate the effects of exercise training on RMR, these studies have produced contradictory results. Several methodological discrepancies, which may account for the contradictory results, were found among these studies. This study was designed to examine the methodological discrepancies and to suggest the standard research design in this area. The cross-sectional studies were limited by several confounding variables such as: 1) within subject variability due to preceding nutritional status and dietary practices, and 2) failure to control the physical training regimen priorto RMR measurements. Additionally, the cross-sectional studies, which examine the RMR of individuals who have various levels of V02max and consider the difference in RMR as a result of exercise training, need to account or control for other factors, e.g., genetic variations. Several methodological discrepancies which have been suggested frequently in the prospective studies include 1) elapsed time between the last exercise session and the measurement of RMR; 2) methodological errors in indirect calorimetry measurements; 3) insufficient sample size; 4) inconsistency in the units of expressing RMR; 5) differences in age of subjects; 6) initial fitness level of subjects; and 7) training mode. In addition, the mechanism(s) for the change in RMR with exercise training were not investigated in many studies. To standardize the research design and/or experimental procedures, the followings can be suggested: 1) Prospective studies including control group should be designed; 2) At least 24 ? 36 hours should elapse from the last exercise session to RMR measurement and the RMR should be measured longer than 45 min; 3) Inter-test and inter-technician reliability of the indirect calorimetry should be confirmed; 4) A power analysis should be conducted to include sufficient number of subjects; 5) The results of RMR should be expressed in various units for the purpose of comparison with the results of previous studies; 6) Intensity of exercise training should be high enough to induce a chronic elevation in RMR; 7) The mechanisms for the change in RMR with the exercise training should be investigated in integrated manner.

장기간의 걷기 트레이닝이 중년 여성의 체력과 혈액성분에 미치는 영향

유명근,이만균,문황운 경희대학교 체육대학 한국체육과학연구소 2004 體育學論文集 Vol.32 No.-

This study was designed to investigate the effects of a 12-week walking training on body composition, physical fitness, and blood variables in obese middle age women. Fourteen subjects who had percent of body fat over 30% were selected from the members of diet class of K pubic health center. Then they participated in the twelve weeks of walking training program. Before and after the training program, percent body fat, five items of physical fitness, and blood variables regarding to metabolism were measured and compared between pre and post test. Paired t-test was utilized to detect the mean difference between the pre and post test. The results of this study were as follows: First, after twelve weeks of training, PBF and weight of subjects significantly decreased(P<.05). Second, after twelve weeks of training, left grip strength of subjects did not change significantly, but right grip strength, back strength sit-and-reach, sit-up, and sargent jump increased significantly(P<.05). Finally, after twelve weeks of training, blood glucose and triglyceride of subjects did not change significantly, whereas total cholesterol decreased significantly. There was a significant increase in forced vital capacity(P<.05). According to these findings, it was concluded that walking training was effective on the decrease of percent body fat, enhancement of physical fitness, partial improvement of metabolism and pulmonary function in obese middle age women if the training was conducted for long period despite the intensity fo the walking was relatively low.

점증적 요통 체조와 교육이 만성 요통환자의 근지구력, 유연성 및 통증에 미치는 영향

유승희,공성아,이만균 경희대학교 체육대학 한국체육과학연구소 2004 體育學論文集 Vol.32 No.-

This study was designed to investigate the effects of a 6-week progressive exercise, mainly calisthenics, and education for low back pain on muscular endurance, flexibility, and self-perceived pain in low back patients. Eighteen female patients, aged 48±6.84 years, were volunteered to participate in the study as subjects. Standing height, body weight, percent body fat, waist-hip ratio(WHR), sit-and-reach trunk extension, sit-up, back sit-up, and pain ratings were measured in pre test. Upon the completion of the pre test, they went through the six weeks of interventions composed of progressive exercise and education for the first four weeks and the exercise only for the last two weeks. Then, they were tested in the post test by the same manner as the pre test. The results of pre and post test were compared by the paired t-test. The main results of the present study were as fellows: First, there were no significant changes by the interventions in body weight and WHR, whereas percent body fat were reduced significantly by the interventions. Second, flexibility and muscular endurance were enhanced significantly by the interventions. Third, self-perceived low back pain ratings and perceive ratings of pain in the daily activities were reduced significantly by the six weeks of interventions. It was concluded that low back pain would be relieved by the progressive exercise and education for low back pain, and that the interventions would be helpful to prevent additional injuries by increasing the flexibility and muscular endurance.

포도씨 추출물 섭취가 경계성 고혈압자의 안정 시와 운동 중 심혈관반응과 혈관내피세포기능에 미치는 영향

전승민(Joen, Seung-Min),김경애(Kim, Kyung-Ae),이만균(Lee, Man-Gyoon) 한국체육과학회 2018 한국체육과학회지 Vol.27 No.2

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 2-week ingestion of grape seed extract(300 mg/day) on cardiovascular response and vascular endothelial cell function at rest and during handgrip exercise in prehypertensive individuals. Nine prehypertensive men, aged 24.6±3.1 yrs, repeatedly participated in both grape seed extract trial and placebo trial in a randomized, double-blind, crossover manner. While the subjects ingested grape seed extract or placebo in a 2-week trial, their cardiovascular response, blood vessel diameter, blood flow volume, and vascular endothelial cell function at rest and during handgrip exercise were measured. Each variable was compared between two trials as well as between two tests simultaneously using a repeated two-way ANOVA. Main result of the present study were as follows: 1) Systolic blood pressure decreased significantly at rest after the 2-week ingestion of grape seed extract. 2) Systolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure decreased significantly during handgrip exercise after the 2-week ingestion of grape seed extract. 3) Flow-mediated dilation volume and % flow-mediated dilation increased significantly after the 2-week ingestion of grape seed extract. It was concluded that 2 weeks of ingestion of grape seed extract would have an positive effect on cardiovascular response and vascular endothelial cell function at rest and during handgrip exercise in prehypertensive men. Future research investigating the effects of various period and amount of ingestion of grape seed extract during aerobic exercise including large muscle group would be warranted.

12주간의 유산소운동과 통근수단 전환이 중년 남성의 체력, 인슐린 저항성, 염증지표 및 간기능에 미치는 영향

허다솜 ( Da Som Heo ),김예영 ( Yae Young Kim ),정원상 ( Won Sang Jung ),이만균 ( Man Gyoon Lee ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2015 체육과학연구 Vol.26 No.1

선진 외국에서는 통근수단으로서 자가용 대신 대중교통을 이용함으로써 부가적으로 발생하는 신체활동이 건강수준에 미치는 효과를 밝히는 연구가 활발하게 이루어졌으나 국내의 관련 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 이 연구의 목적은 12주간의 유산소운동과 대중교통으로의 통근수단 전환이 중년 남성의 체력, 인슐린 저항성, 염증지표 및 간기능에 미치는 영향을 규명하는 것이었다. 이 연구의 대상자는 최근 5년 이상 지속적으로 자가용을 이용해 온 체질량지수 25kg·m-2 이상의 30~50대의 사무직 중년 남성 44명이었다. 이들을 자가용을 계속 이용하면서 유산소운동을 실시한 운동집단(n=14), 자가용 이용을 중단하고 대중교통으로 전환한 전환집단(n=15), 그리고 자가용을 계속 이용하면서 특별한 처치 없이 기존의 생활 패턴을 유지한 통제집단(n=15)에 무선 할당하였다. 운동집단은 주 3회, 일일 30분의 유산소운동을 실시하였고, 전환집단은 통근수단을 대중교통으로 전환하여 주 5회, 일일 최소 20분의 보행을 유도하였다. 처치 전ㆍ후에 체력, 인슐린 저항성, 염증지표, 그리고 간기능과 관련된 변인을 측정한 후 반복 이원변량분석을 이용하여 집단 간, 그리고 검사 간에 비교하였다. 이 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 체력과 관련된 모든 변인이 운동집단에서 유의하게 향상되었고, 전환집단의 경우 오른손 악력, 제자리멀리뛰기, 사이드스텝, 그리고 앉아윗몸앞으로굽히기가 유의하게 향상되었다. 2) 인슐린 저항성과 관련된 모든 변인에서 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않았으나, 운동집단과 전환집단에서 개선되는 경향이 나타났다. 3) 염증지표와 관련하여 운동집단과 전환집단에서 TNF-α가 유의하게 감소되었으며, IL-6와 CRP가 개선되는 경향이 나타났다. 4) 간기능과 관련하여 전환집단에서 ALT가 유의하게 감소되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면, 12주간의 유산소운동이 체력과 염증지표 및 인슐린 저항성의 개선에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 통근수단을 자가용에서 대중교통으로 전환한 것만으로도 유산소운동 못지 않게 체력, 염증지표, 인슐린 저항성, 그리고 간기능에 긍정적인 영향을 미친 것을 알 수 있다. 시간이 부족하여 운동 참여가 줄어드는 현대인에게 있어서 대중교통으로 통근수단을 전환하는 시도는 일상생활에서 자연스럽게 신체활동량을 증가시키고 건강수준을 개선하는 대안이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. This study was designed to investigate the effects of increment of physical activity for 12 weeks through aerobic exercise training or change from own vehicle to public transportation for commuting on physical fitness, insulin resistance, inflammatory markers, and liver function in middle-aged men. Forty-four subjects, aged 30-50 yrs, were randomly assigned to either one of three groups, i.e., aerobic exercise training group (TR: n=14), change to public transportation group (PT: n=15), or control group (CON: n=15). Subjects in TR performed aerobic exercise for 30 min per sessions, three sessions per week, subjects in PT changed from their own vehicle to public transportation for commuting, and subjects in CON maintained their life patterns during the same intervention period. Physical fitness, insulin resistance, inflammatory markers, and liver function were measured at pre- and post-test, and the data were analyzed by repeated two-way ANOVA. Main results of the present study were as follows: 1) All variables related to physical fitness improved significantly in TR. Right grip strength, standing long jump, side step test, and sit-and-reach improved significantly in PT. 2) Although there were no significant changes in all variables related to insulin resistance, the variables tended to be improved in TR and PT. 3) TNF-α decreased significantly in TR and PT. IL-6 and CRP tended to be improved in TR and PT; however, the changes did not reach statistical significant level. 4) ALT decreased significantly in PT. AST and γ-GT tended to be improved in TR and PT; however, the changes did not reach statistical significant level. It was concluded that the 12 weeks of change to public transportation as well as aerobic exercise training would be beneficial for physical fitness and inflammatory markers. These interventions also would be possible to improve insulin resistance and liver function. The increment of physical activity through change from own vehicle to public transportation was found to be equally beneficial for health promotion compared to aerobic exercise.

12주간의 저항성운동 트레이닝이 비만 남성의 기초대사량과 adipocytokine에 미치는 영향

이만균 ( Man Gyoon Lee ),성순창 ( Soon Chang Sung ),이신언 ( Shin Eon Lee ),정원상 ( Won Sang Jung ) 한국운동생리학회(구 한국운동과학회) 2011 운동과학 Vol.20 No.4

이만균, 성순창, 이신언, 정원상. 12주간의 저항성운동 트레이닝이 비만 남성의 기초대사량과 adipocytokine에 미치는 영향. 운동과학, 제20권 제4호, 405-416, 2011. 본 연구의 목적은 12주간의 저항성운동 트레이닝이 20대 비만 남성의 기초대사량과 adipocytokine에 미치는 영향을 규명하는 것이다. 연구 대상자는 체지방률 25% 이상의 남성 28명으로서, 이들을 저항성 트레이닝 집단(n=14)과 통제 집단(n=14)으로 구분하였다. 저항성 트레이닝 집단의 대상자는 12주간, 주당 3~4회, 회당 40~60분씩, 8 RM의 강도로 2~3 세트씩 저항성운동 트레이닝을 실시한 반면, 통제 집단의 대상자는 같은 기간 동안 평소 생활 습관을 유지하도록 하였다. 본 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 1) BMI와 체지방률에서 검사의 주효과가 유의하게 나타났으며, 두 집단 모두 체지방률의 유의한 감소가 나타났다. 2) 1-RM과 관련된 모든 변인은 저항성 트레이닝 집단에서만 유의하게 증가되었다. 3) RMR은 단위와 상관없이 모든 변인이 저항성 트레이닝 집단에서 유의하게 증가된 것으로 나타난 반면, 통제 집단의 경우 RMR(KJ·kg-1 FW·h-1)에서만 유의한 증가가 나타났다. 4) TT4와 norepinephrine에서 검사의 주효과가 유의하게 나타났다. 저항성 트레이닝 집단과 통제 집단 두 집단 모두의 경우 norepinephrine에서 유의한 감소가 나타났다. 5) Adiponectin과 IL-6에서 검사의 주효과가 유의하게 나타났으며, 두 집단 모두에서 adiponectin과 IL-6가 유의하게 감소된 것으로 나타났다. 12주간의 저항성운동 트레이닝은 안정 시 대사율을 증가시켜 장기적인 체중 관리에 효과적일 것으로 결론지을 수 있다. 또한 저항성운동이 안정 시 대사율을 증가시키는 기전을 밝히기 위하여 TT4, FFA, 그리고 norepinephrine 이외의 변인을 연구해 볼 필요가 있으며, 저항성운동이 adipocytokine에 미치는 영향을 보다 명확히 규명하기 위한 후속 연구가 요청된다. Lee, M. G., Sung, S. C., Lee, S. E., Jung, W. S. Effects of 12 weeks of resistance exercise training on resting metabolic rate (RMR), and adipocytokines in obese men of 20s. Exercise Science, 20(4): 405-416. 2011. Twenty-eight obese men, aged 23.7±1.18 yrs, were randomly assigned to one of two groups, i.e., resistance exercise training group (TR: n=14) and control group (CON: n=14). Participants in TR performed resistance exercise training 40~60 min/session, 3~4 sessions/week, for 12 weeks, whereas participants in CON were asked to maintain their normal life pattern during same intervention period. Resistance exercise included bench press, shoulder press, biceps curl, triceps extension, lat pull down, leg press, leg curl, leg extension, sit up, standing calf raise, and squat, and performed at 8 RM for 2~3 sets. Main results of the present study were as follows: 1) Percent body fat decreased significantly in TR (p<.01) and CON (p<0.05). 2) All variables regarding 1-RM increased significantly in TR. 3) RMR increased significantly in TR, regardless of unit expressing the RMR. 4) No significant changes were found in TT4 and FFA, whereas NOR decreased significantly in TR (p<.001) and CON (p<.01). 5) Adiponectin and IL-6 decreased significantly in TR (p<.01) and CON (p<.01), whereas no significant change was found in TNF-α. Leptin was unaltered in TR, but increased significantly in CON. It was concluded that 12 weeks of resistance exercise would be beneficial for long-term body weight management by enhancing metabolic rate in resting state. Research investigating the mechanism explaining the enhancement, besides to TT4, FFA, and NOR, would be needed. Investigation elucidating the effects of resistance exercise training on adipocytokines would be also warranted.