형식 실험을 통한 현실의 재현과 극복 -김소진 소설을 중심으로

김인경 ( In-kyung Kim ) 한국문학연구학회 2014 현대문학의 연구 Vol.0 No.53

본고는 김소진 소설 연구의 영역을 다양화 하려는 시도의 일환으로써 상호텍스트성이라는 형식 실험을 통해서 현실의 재현과 극복의 의미를 살펴보고자 했다. 이를 위해 ‘고전의 변용과 인물 성격의 형상화’, ‘텍스트 삽입과 갈등 심리의 표출’을 중심적으로 살펴보았다. 먼저 고전의 변용과 인물 성격의 형상화에서는 고전 설화를 패러디하여 당대의 시대적 상황에 대한 풍자적인 비판 인식을 보여준다. 「처용단장(處容斷章)」에서는 「처용가」를, 「고아떤 뺑덕어멈」에서 「심청가」를 다양한 방식으로 변용하여 작중 인물들의 성격을 형상화 했다. 이러한 고전의 변용은 작품의 주제 의식을 강조하는 전략으로 활용되어 작가의 세계관을 전달하는 역할을 한다. 다음으로 시, 소설, 신문기사, 희곡 등 다양한 텍스트를 삽입하여 작중 인물들의 갈등 심리를 나타내고 있다. 「지붕 위의 남자1」에서는 김지하의 시 「황톳길」, 「혁명기념일」에서는 칼 마르크스의 「루이 보나파르트의 브뤼메르 18일」, 「갈매나무를 찾아서」에서는 백석(白石)의 시 「南新義州流洞朴時逢房」와 안찬수의 시 「갈매나무」, 「신풍근배커리 略史」에서는 함석헌의 시 「그 사람을 가졌는가」등의 텍스트가 삽화처럼 등장한다. 이러한 텍스트들의 삽입은 작중 인물들이 자본주의의 논리에 의해 전향과 변절을 할 수밖에 없는 상황에 대한 내적 갈등을 부각시킨다. 이와 같이 김소진 소설의 형식 실험은 부조리한 현실에서 고민할 수밖에 없는 주체들의 현실과 극복의지를 잘 나타내고 있다. 이것은 기존의 질서나 지배 형식에 대한 글쓰기 전략으로써 김소진 문학세계에 대한 연구 영역을 보다 확장시키는 계기를 준다. The purposes of this study were to investigate mutual textbook` in the novels of Kim So-jin and expand the scope of researches on his novels. In his novels, mutual textbook made attempts at form experiments for contemporariness of Representing Reality and character projection and internal psychology expression. In his novels, Kim gets a parody out of classical tales and presents the satirical criticism of the situations of the times. He modifies Cheoyongga in Cheoyongdanjang, in which acculturation of classic and character projection can be found, and Shimcheongga in Goatteon Paengdeokeomeom in various ways according to his imagination and consciousness, projecting character personalities. The findings indicate that he used a unique writing strategy of mimicking as creation instead of mimicking through acculturation of classic. Also depicts the internal conflicts of characters psychology by inserting various texts such as poems, novels, newspaper articles, and plays. Texts are inserted in his works like illustrations such as Hwangtokgil, a poem by Kim Ji-ha, in Man No. 1 on the Roof, The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon by Karl Marx in The Anniversary of the Revolution, Namshinui- juyudongbaksibongbang, a poem by Baek Seok, and The Buck- thorn, a poem by Ahn Chan-su, in Looking for the Buckthorn, and Have You Got the Man, a poem by Ham Seok-heon, in The Pharmacist of Shingpunggeunbaekeori. Those texts work to highlight internal conflicts about the situation of inevitable conversion and betrayal by characters due to the capitalist logic after the 1980s and remind them of passion for reform in the old days and defeat consciousness. In Kim`s novels, mutual textbook is a form experiment to clearly show the reality of the subjects that cannot help having worries in the absurd reality. It presents the alienation, sense of severance, lethargy, and confusion of modern people with the destruction of literary forms and is his writing strategy for the old order and ruling format.

제 7차 교육과정 개정을 위한 가정계 고등학교 교육과정 체제 및 구조 개선 연구

김경애,윤인경,장명희 한국 가정과 교육 학회 1996 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.8 No.2

This study proposes a model curriculum for Vocational Home Economics High School in the 7th Curriculum Revision. The model in the study is first drawn from the assumptions that reflect ever changing demands of industrial society for Home Economics education. Another perspective employed in the study is historical analysis that focuses on the evolution of the Vocational Home Economics Curricula from the 1st through the 6th revision. This study also employes comparative research tools for the national level comparision such as USA, Japan, Taiwan, and Korea. The proposed model curriculum in this study is concluded from those step-by-step studies as follows: 1) Problem definition and design in current curriculum for Vocational Home Economics high school ; 2) Needs and roles analysis of Vocational Home Economics high school for the future: and 3) Historical analysis of our curriculum revisions in the past and cooparative analysis with other countries. Authors conducted this research project for 3 month period from June 15, 1996 to September 15,1996. During this period, authors collected the data and information through those methods as an extensive literature review, survey and interview, and curriculum specialist conference. The key and critical features of the proposed curriculum in the study are as follows : 1) In the numbers of department, a proposed model curriculum offers 8 as opposed to 6 in the 6th revision, reflecting two additional departments of "Elderly Welfare" and "Cosmotology". 2) In the statement of educational objectives, a model curriculum emphasizes a more concrete statement to each specific skills according to the changing societal needs. 3) In the numbers of total subject matters, there would be 40 in the new as opposed to 23 in the current curriculum. Among these changes, 17 would occur in the newly introduced subject maters while 11 would simply change the subject matter name. Among 40 subject matter, "Introduction to Computer" and "Home Economics in Vocational Education" would be required subject matter. 4) In the total numbers of required unit for graduation in three years, a model offers 86~132 unit A maximum unit for each subject matter would be 12.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

Clinical impact of admission hyperglycemia on in-hospital mortality in acute myocardial infarction patients

Kim, Eun Jung,Jeong, Myung Ho,Kim, Ju Han,Ahn, Tae Hoon,Seung, Ki Bae,Oh, Dong Joo,Kim, Hyo-Soo,Gwon, Hyeon Cheol,Seong, In Whan,Hwang, Kyung Kuk,Chae, Shung Chull,Kim, Kwon-Bae,Kim, Young Jo,Cha, Kwa Elsevier 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY Vol.236 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Acute hyperglycemia on admission is common in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients regardless of diabetic status, and is known as one of prognostic factors. However, the effect of hyperglycemia on non-diabetic patients is still on debate.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>A total of 12,625 AMI patients (64.0±12.6years, 26.1% female) who were enrolled in Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institute of Health between November 2011 and December 2015, were classified into 4367 diabetes (65.4±11.6years, 30.4% female) and 8228 non-diabetes (63.3±13years, 23.9% female). Patients were analyzed for in-hospital clinical outcome according to admission hyperglycemic status.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>In diabetic patients, independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were old age, high HbA<SUB>1</SUB>C, pre-Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow 0, left ventricle ejection fraction<40%, cardiogenic shock and ventricular tachycardia. In non-diabetic patients, independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were old age, high admission glucose (≥200mg/dL), pre TIMI flow 0, failed percutaneous coronary intervention, low left ventricle ejection fraction<40%, cardiogenic shock, stent thrombosis and decreased Hb≥5g/dL. In hospital mortality was significantly higher in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients (5.0% vs. 3.4%, <I>p</I> <0.001). However, non-diabetic patients with hyperglycemia have significantly higher mortality compared to diabetic patients (17.4% vs. 7.2%, <I>p</I> <0.001). Comorbidity including cardiogenic shock (<I>p</I> <0.001), cerebral hemorrhage (<I>p</I> =0.012), decreased Hb≥5g/dL (<I>p</I> =0.013), atrioventricular block (<I>p</I> <0.001) and ventricular tachycardia (<I>p</I> =0.007) was higher in non-diabetic with hyperglycemia than in diabetic patients.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>These findings underscore clinical significance of admission hyperglycemia on in-hospital mortality in non-diabetic AMI patients.</P>

Original Article : Geographic difference of epidemiological features of HCV infection in Korea

( Kyung Ah Kim ),( Sook Hyang Jeong ),( Eun Sun Jang ),( Young Seok Kim3 ),( Youn Jae Lee ),( Eun Uk Jung ),( In Hee Kim ),( Sung Bum Cho ),( Mee Kyung Kee ),( Chun Kang ) 대한간학회 2014 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.20 No.4

Background/Aims: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Korea exhibits significant geographic variation, with it being higher in Busan and Jeonam than in other areas. The reason for this intranational geographic difference was investigated in this study by conducting a comparative analysis of the risk factors related to HCV infection among three geographic areas: the capital (Seoul), Busan, and the province of Jeolla. Methods: In total, 990 patients with chronic HCV infection were prospectively enrolled at 5 university hospitals located in Seoul (n=374), Busan (n=264), and Jeolla (n=352). A standardized questionnaire survey on the risk factors for HCV infection was administered to these three groups of patients, and a comparative analysis of the findings was performed. Results: The analysis revealed significant regional differences in exposure to the risk factors of HCV infection. By comparison with patients in Seoul as a control group in the multivariate analysis, patients in Busan had significantly more experience of invasive medical procedures, acupuncture, cosmetic procedures, and multiple sex partners. In contrast, patients in Jeolla were significantly older, and they had a higher prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma, a lower prevalence of multiple sex partners, and had experienced fewer invasive procedures. Conclusions: There was a significant geographic difference in the exposure to potential risk factors of HCV infection between patients from the three studied regions. This may explain the regional variation of the prevalence of HCV infection in Korea, and should be taken into account when planning strategies for the prevention and management of HCV infection. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2014;20:361-367)

급성 중독 환자에 대한 역학적 고찰 : 서울과 지방의 비교

김성중,김인병,최성욱,김경수,이영수,Choi, Jong Moo 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2

Study objective: To compare patients with acute poisoning between urban and rural areas Design: Retrospective chart review of 217 patients with acute poisoning Setting: Two University Hospital EDs Methods: patients were divided into two groups according to hospital. The group A was 109 patients who came to ED of Asan Medical Center and the group B was patients who came to ED of Ajou University Hospital from June 1994 to February 1995. We analysed the age and sex distributions, poisoning substances. causes of poisoning and the past history of psychiatric problems in patients of the two groups. Results: Total number of patients with acute poisoning were 109 in the group A and 108 in the group B. Female was more prevalent than male in the group A and male was more than female in the group B. There was a significant difference in sex distribution between two groups. The mean age of the group A was 27.7 years which was significantly different from the mean age of the group B, 33.7 years. The age incidences in both group were highest in 2nd decade. The accidental poisoning cases were 37% in the group A and 31% in the group B. The rates of committed suicide were 7% in the group A and 22% in the group B. The most common agent of poisoning was therapeutic drug in the group A and agricultural or industrial chemical in the group B. The overall mortality was 5% in the group A and 15% in the group B. Conclusion: There were significant differences in age and sex distributions. poisoning substances, causes of poisoning and the past history of psychiatric problems between two groups.

일제강점기 초등교육의 본질 : 교육과정 요소를 중심으로 Goals and Objectives, Contents, Teaching Methods, and Evaluations

김경자,김민경,김인전,이경진,김유진 한국초등교육학회 2004 초등교육연구 Vol.17 No.1

이 연구에서는 초등교육의 본질을 탐색하기 위하여 일제강점기 초등교육에 대한 탐구를 하였다. 구체적으로 이 연구에서는 일제 강점기 교육제도, 교육목표, 교과 및 교육내용, 교육방법, 평가, 교원양성 등에 나타난 특수성을 탐구하고, 4차에 걸친 조선교육령 시기에 나타나는 규칙적인 현상을 밝혀보았다. 그리고 연구 결과는 이 연구에서 잠정적으로 전제한 공교육의 이상과 초등교육의 일반성과 관련지어 해석되었고, 이는 다시 현재 진행되고 있는 7차 초등교육과정과 관련하여 어떤 것이 지속되고, 어떤 것이 변화되었는지에 대한 논의로 전개되었다. 가능한 광범위하게 수집한 1차적 사료와 2차적 사료를 교육에 대한 관점별로 범주화하고 연구에서 다루고자 하는 요소별로 정리를 하였다. 필요한 경우, 직접 일제강점기 초등교육을 경험한 사람들을 면접하였다. 연구결과, 일제강점기 초등교육의 목표는 기형적인 "국민"을 길러내는 것이었으며, 이러한 목표를 달성하기 위한 교육내용, 교육방법, 교육평가는 기능적 측면에서 "잘", 효율적으로 기능할 수 있도륵 일관성을 유지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 교육적일 수 없는 모순을 내재한 것이 된다. 따라서 일제강점기 초등교육에서 초등교육의 본질을 찾기가 어렵다는 결론을 내릴 수 있다. This research aims to seek the real nature of elementary education by investigating the system in Korea under the rule of Japanese imperialism (1909-1945). Special characteristics are identified in their goals and objectives, contents, teaching methods, and evaluations in elementary education system during the period. Futhermore, some regular phenomena are traced out during the four-time amendments of education rules in the law. Firstly, the results of this study are described in the viewpoint of the ideals in public education, which are tentatively proposed by our authors. Secondly, they are compared and contrasted to the 7th Amended National Curriculum of Korea in terms of the perspectives of curriculum. Some parts in the research are supported by the interviewees who had experienced in the elementary education during the imperialistic period. The result suggests that the system in the colonized period was conducted to cultivate the students who were inappropriate in compared with our ideals in the education. For the goals, the elements of the system in the above were consistently maintained and functionally well-carried out. Therefore, the system was not evaluated as educative intrinsically. Henceforth, the real nature of elementry education would not be drawn in the system during the rule in conclusion.

1970년대 소설에 나타난 서사 전략의 양가성 연구

김인경(Kim In-kyung) 한국현대문학회 2008 한국현대문학연구 Vol.0 No.24

1970년대 세 작가의 작품들에는 산업화로 인한 사회의 구조적 모순점에 대해 사회ㆍ문학적 상상력을 바탕으로 대안적 근대화의 모색을 시도하고 있다. 이에 세 작가를 중심으로 서사 전략의 ‘양가성’을 고찰하였다. 조세희 소설에는 여러 인물들의 관점의 이동을 통해 당시의 사회적 모순에 대해 종합적이고 입체적인 형상화를 하고 있어 객관적 현실 인식의 확대를 유도한다. 최인호 소설에는 현실 세계를 의도적으로 왜곡하는 우화적 풍자를 통해 인간의 고유한 주체성의 상실로 소외를 느끼는 도시인들의 정체성 회복을 시도한다. 이청준 소설에는 서사 내적으로 인물화 된 내포작가의 목소리를 통해 현실에 대한 성찰 의식을 메타픽션으로 재현해 내는 자기 반영적 탐색을 한다. 이러한 고찰은 이분법적 대립의 관계를 극복하고 상호 보완적인 총체성의 방향으로 나아가려는 ‘양가성’의 의미로서, 역동적인 변화와 다양성의 생성을 중시하는 작가의식이 반영된 것이다. 이는 의식과 기법의 자유로움을 바탕으로 한문학적 표현의 주체적 표출로서 그 주체가 실천으로까지 확대되어서 60년대와의 변별점을 제시한다. 이는 당시의 시대적 상황과 인간의 문제에 대해 세 작가가 어떠한 서사 전략의 ‘양가성’으로 미적 대응을 하는지 알 수 있게 한다. 더 나아가 획일화 된 산업사회의 구조를 탐색하려는 문제의식과 연결되어 한국 문학사에서 70년대가 비중 있게 논의되어야 하는 이유에 대한 한 근거가 될 것이라 본다. With regard to the structural contradictions of society generated by industrialization, three writers in the 1970s, Jo Se-hui, Choi In-ho, and Lee Cheong-jun, tried to seek alternative modernization based on social and literary imagination in their novels. Therefore, this study examined the ambivalence of the narration strategies of the three writers. In Jo Se-hui's novels, reality is viewed comprehensively and stereoscopically through shifts in characters' point of views, showing the extended recognition of objective reality. In Choi In-ho's novels, allegorical satire, that embodies part of the real world after intentionally distorting it, is employed to cause urban people, who feel isolated due to the loss of their own identity, to try to restore their identity by denying themselves. In Lee Cheong-jun's novels, awareness of reflecting on reality remains indeterminate through the voice of the writer who has become a character in terms of inner narration, prompting self-reflection on dichotomous modernization. This is the meaning of 'ambivalence' to overcome antagonistic dichotomous relationship and to go towards mutual complementation, and the reflection of the author's consciousness that values dynamic changes and the creation of diversity. It is differentiated from the establishment of the subject in the 1960s in that it is practiced as a subjective literary expression based on the freedom of awareness and technique. Therefore, this study examined the ambivalence of narration strategies the three authors had employed to aesthetically respond to the situation of the 70s and matters of human beings. Furthermore, the study, in connection with the consciousness to explore the structure of standardized industrial society, provided the reason why more efforts should be given to research into literary works in the 70s in Korean litera교 history.

Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy in Stage III Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

김인아(In Ah Kim),최일봉(Ihl Bhong Choi),강기문(Ki Mun Kang),장지영(Jie Young Jang),문한림(Han Lim Mun),송정섭(Jung Sub Song),이선희(Sun Hee Lee),곽문섭(Mun Sub Kuak),신경섭(Kyung Sub Shinn) 대한방사선종양학회 1997 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.15 No.1

목 적 : 국소진행된 III기 비소세포성 폐암에서 방사선감작제로서의 저용량 Cisplatin과 방사선 동시병합요법의 효과를 알아보고자하여, 관해율, 전체생존율, 무병생존율 및 치료에 따른 부작용을 방사선 단독치료군과 후향적으로 비교분석하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1992년 4월부터 1994년 3월까지 32명의 III기 비소세포성 폐암환자(IIIa 12명, IIIb 20명)가 항암제 및 방사선동시병합요법을 받았다. 방사선치료는 3000cGy/ 10회를 2주간에 걸쳐 시행한 뒤 3주후에 2500cGy/ 10회를 추가하였으며, 방사선감작제로 cis platin 6mg/m2를 매일 방사선치료 전에 정맥주사하였다. 추적관찰기간은 13개월에서 48개월로 중간값은 24개월이었다. 방사선단독치료군 32명(IIIa 13명, IIIb 19명)은 매일 170- 200cGy씩 총 5580- 7000cGy (중간값 5960cGy) 치료받았으며, 추적관찰기간은 36개월에서 105개월로 중간값은 62개월이었다. 결 과 : cis platin- 방사선동시요법군이 방사선 단독치료군에 비해 유의하게 높은완전반응률(18.8% vs . 5.6%)및 낮은 조사야내 재발율(25% vs . 47%)을 나타내었다. 2년 전체생존율은 Cisplatin- 방사선동시요법군이 17%, 방사선단독치료군이 9.4%로 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다.국소재발 없는 2년 무병생존율(16.5% vs. 5.3%) 및 원격전이 없는 2년 무병생존율(17% vs. 4.6%)도 두군간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 Karnofsky performance scale 80 이상인 환자군만을 대상으로 분석한 결과, cisplatin- 방사선동시요법군이 방사선단독치료군에 비해 유의하게 높은 2년 전체생존율을 보였다(62.5% vs. 15.6%). 전체생존율에 영향을 미치는 예후인자로 cisplatin- 방사선동시요법군에 있어서는 performance status 및 조직학적 진단유형(상피세포암 vs. 비상피세포암)으로 나타났고, 방사선단독치료군에 있어서는 performance status 및 병기(IIIa vs. IIIb)로 나타났다. 치료에 따른 급성부작용으로 RTOG/ECOG grade 2 이상의 오심, 구토는 cisplatin- 방사선동시요법군이 방사선단독치료군 (22% vs. 6%)에 비해 유의하게 높은 빈도를 나타내었다. Gra de 2 이상의 혈액학적 독성은 Cis platin- 방사선동시요법군에서 방사선단독치료군에 비해 높은 빈도를 나타내었다(25% vs. 15.6%). 방사선단독치료군에 비해 cis platin- 방사선동시요법군에서, RTOG/ECOG Grade 2 이상의 폐독성의 빈도(31% vs. 19%)나 WHO Grade 3 이상의 폐섬유화의 빈도(38% vs. 25%)의 유의한 증가는 관찰되지 않았다. 방사선치료부위의 면적이 200cm2 이상이었던 경우, 두군 모두에서 폐독성 빈도의 유의한 증가를 보였다. 결 론 : cisplatin- 방사선동시병합요법이 방사선단독치료군에 비해 높은 국소제어율을 나타내었으나, 전체생존율이나 무병생존율의 유의한 증가는 보이지 않았다. KPS 80이상인 환자군에 있어서는 cisplatin- 방사선동시요법군이 방사선단독군에 비해 높은 전체생존율을 보였다. cisplatin- 방사선동시병합요법군에서 급성부작용이 증가되는 경향을 보였으나, 방사선에 의한 폐독성의 유의한 증가는 관찰되지 않았다. cisplatin- 방사선동시병합요법군이 방사선단독치료군에 비해 1년 이내에 조기사망율이 높은 반면, 2년이상 장기생존율이 높은 경향을 보여, 이러한 환자군에 대한 장기적인 추적조사를 통해 생존율에 대한 본 치료의 영향을 좀더 명확하게 평가할 수 있을것으로 기대되며, 향후 치료효과를 증가시키기위해 large fraction size의 split course RT 대신 continuous course의 conventional RT 혹은 hyperfractionated RT와 Cisplatin의 동시병합요법 등이 고려되어야할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : This study was tried to evaluate the potential be nefits of concurrent chemoradiation therapy (low dose daily cisplatin combined with split course radiation therapy) compared with conventional radiation thera py alone in stage III non- small cell lung cancer. The end points of analyses were responserate , overalls urvival, survival without locoregional failure , survival without distant metastasis , prognostic factors affecting survival and treatment related toxicities. Materials and Methods : Between April 1992 and March 1994, 32 patients who had stage III non-small cell lung cancer were treated with concurrent chemoradiation therapy. Radiation therapy for 2 weeks (300cGy given 10 times up to 3000cGy) followed by a 3 weeks rest period and then radiation therapy for 2 more weeks (250cGy given 10 times up to 2500cGy) was combined with 6mg/M2 of cisplatin. Follow-up period ranged from 13 months to 48 months with median of 24 months . Historical control group consisted of 32 patients who had stage III non-small cell lung cancer were received conventionally fractionated (daily 170- 200cGy) radiation therapy a lone. Total radiation dose ranged from 5580cGy to 7000cGy with median of 5940cGy. Follow-up period ranged from 36 months to 105 months with median of 62 months . Results : Complete reponse rate was higher in chemoradiation therapy (CRT) group than radiation therapy (RT) group (18.8% vs. 6.3%). CRT group showed lower in-field failure rate compared with RT group(25% vs. 47%). The overall survival rate had no significant differences in between CRT group and RT group(17.5% vs. 9.4% at 2 years). The survival without locoregional failure (16.5% vs. 5.3% at 2 years) and survival without distant metastas is (17% vs. 4.6% at 2 years) also had no significant differences . In subgroup analyses for patients with good performance status (Karnofsky performance scale 80), CRT group showed significantly higher overall survival rate compared with RT group (62.5% vs. 15.6% at 2 years). The prognostic factors affecting survival rate were performance status and pathologic subtype (squamous cell cancer vs. nonsquamous cell cancer) in CRT group. In RT alone group, performance status and stage (IIIa vs IIIb) were identified as a prognostic factors . RTOG/EORTC grade 2-3 nausea and vomiting(22% vs. 6%) and bone marrow toxicities (25% vs. 15.6%) were significantly higher in CRT group compared with RT alone group. The incidence of RTOG/EORTC grade 3-4 pulmona ry toxicity had no significant differences in between CRT group and RT group (16% vs. 6%). The incidence of WHO grade 3-4 pulmonary fibrosis also had no significant differences in both group(38% vs . 25%). In analyses for relationship of field size and pulmonary toxicity, the patients who treated with field size beyond 200cm2 had s ignificantly higher rates of pulmonary toxicities. Conclusion : The CRT group showed significantly higher local control rate than RT group. There were no significant differences of survival rate in between two groups. The subgroup of patients who had good performa nce status showed higher overall survival rate in CRT group than RT group. In spite of higher incidence of acute toxicities with concurrent chemoradiation therapy, the survival gain in subgroup of patients with good pe rformance status were encouraging. CRT group showed higher rate of early death within 1 year, higher 2 year survival rate compared with RT group. The refore, to evaluate the accurate effect on survival of concurrent chemoradiation therapy, systematic follow-up for long term survivors are needed.

최인호 소설에 나타난 모더니즘과 저항의 서사 -1970년대를 중심으로

김인경 ( Kim In-kyung ) 국제어문학회 ( 구 국제어문학연구회 ) 2007 국제어문 Vol.39 No.-

1970년대 소설에서는 리얼리즘과 함께 모더니즘이 저항의 서사로서의 역할을 서서히 한 시기였다. 하지만 모더니즘은 모호한 결말이나 비현실적 사건제시 등으로 현실도피적인 측면으로 언급되기 마련이었다. 당시 문단은 60년대의 분단 문제를 벗어나지 못한 상태였고, 사람들의 의식 또한 충분히 열려 있지 않았다. 하지만 몇몇 작가들은 70년대 상황에 대한 희망이나 대안을 제시하려는 노력을 작품 속에서 형상화 내었다. 그 중에서 최인호는 70년대 소설로는 보기 드문 다양한 미학적 기법과 의미를 담은 작품들을 많이 발표했다. 이에 본고에서는 최인호 소설에 나타난 모더니즘적 기법을 저항의 서사라는 측면에 중심을 두고 고찰해 보았다. 「술꾼」, 「모범동화」, 「처세술개론」에서는 어린 화자의 `그로테스크`한 성장의 모습을, 「타인의 방」, 「개미의 집」에서는 스스로 사물이 되어가는 소시민의 모습을 `환상성`으로, 「진혼곡」과 「잠자는 신화」에서는 정치·사회의 모순들을 `우화적인 상황 설정` 등으로 살펴보았다. 이는 최인호 소설에 나타나는 모더니즘적 저항의 서사가 70년대 사회의 구조적 모순점을 어떻게 형상화해 내고 있는지 알 수 있게 한다. 또한 최인호만의 독특한 상상력의 세계를 확인할 수 있는 계기를 줌으로써 모순된 현실과의 화해를 모색하고, 유토피아에 대한 바람을 도시적 감수성으로 보여주고자 하는 최인호의 작가의식을 알 수 있게 한다. 이에 본 논문은 최인호의 문학세계를 좀 더 폭넓게 읽어볼 수 있게 할 것이며, 최인호 소설에 대한 재평가의 한 근거가 될 수 있으리라 본다. In the 1970`s, modernism in novels gradually took up a role as `the narration of resistance` as well as realism. Modernism, however, was considered to be escape from the reality because of its ambiguous or unrealistic endings. At that time, the literary world didn`t released from the problems 1960`s of division, yet. In the meantime, there were some writers who embodied their efforts to display a sort of hopeful or an alternative of presentation for the 1970`s. Above all Choi, In-ho` novels comprised a variety of aesthetic technique, which were hardly found in the 1970`s, and meanings. Therefore, this study was intended to research the technique of modernism in his novels from the viewpoint of narration of resistance. it was explained through `the grotesque` appearance of a young speaker, who had spent miserable time in his growth period, in 「A Drinker」, 「The Tale of Adventure」 and 「An Introduction to one`s way of life」. In `illusion` was understood through a petty bourgeois, who had became an object in the society from 「A Stranger`s Room」 and 「A House of an Ant」. `Setting up fabulous situation` was studied of contradiction politics and society from 「A Requiem」 and 「A Sleeping Myth」. This shows how the structural contradiction of 1970`s was embodied in narration of resistance in the novels by Choi, In-ho. Moreover, as it offers an opportunity for readers to find out the special world of imagination inside Choi, In-ho, they, finally, can realize writer`s consciousness, which sought for compromise with contradiction in the reality and had an intention to display his dream of Utopia with sensibility of modern city. Therefore, the study could help people see his world on literature with an wider eye and offer the basis for re-evaluating him.