CTX-M형 ESBL 생성 비장티푸스성 살모넬라의 특성

박순호,서일혜,안정열,박필환,김경희,송영희,김정은 대한감염학회 2010 감염과 화학요법 Vol.42 No.1

Background: Extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella have been increasingly reported worldwide. ESBL-producing Salmonella is of particular concern since children cannot be treated with quinolones. This study was conducted to determine the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of ESBL-producing Salmonella in a tertiary hospital. Materials and Methods: Four clinical ESBL-producing isolates of non-typhoidal Salmonella were collected during 2001 to 2009. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion test and VITEK-II system. ESBL production was tested by ESBL phenotypic confirmatory test. TEM, SHV, CTX-M1, CTX-M2, CTX-M8, and CTX-M9 type ESBL genes were detected by PCR amplification, and PCR products were subjected to direct sequencing Results: Phenotypic confirmatory test showed that 4 of the 300 non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates were ESBL-producing: 3 S. Enteritidis and 1 S. Typhimurium. All 4 isolates were recovered during the past 1 year period. All 3 S. Enteritidis harbored CTX-M-15, while the S. Typhimurium harbored CTX-M-14. All CTX-M-15-producing S. Enteritidis isolates showed resistance both to cefotaxime and ceftazidime, while the CTX-M-14-producing S. Enteritidis were resistant only to cefotaxime. Conclusions: ESBL-producing nontyphoidal Salmonella has emerged recently and the type of ESBL has switched from TEM and SHV to CTX-M.

한국판-Gilliam 자폐증 평정척도-2(K-GARS-2) 표준화 연구

진혜경,윤혜주,박진박 대한생물치료정신의학회 2011 생물치료정신의학 Vol.17 No.2

Objectives:Autism is one of the most important developmental disorder of childhood, which has been studied in many fields of research. The importance of early detection, diagnosis and early treatment of autism has been emphasized in Korea. However, appropriate diagnostic tools to meet these needs, were insufficient. With increasing number of autistic adults, a need for diagnostic tool which can cover wide range of age has emerged. The Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-2(GARS-2) is based on Autism Society of America and DSM-IV-TR(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-fourth Edition-Text Revision) diagnostic criteria for autism. It is the only available test so far. The target age of this test is from 3 years to 22 years old with autism, therefore this test is thought to be valuable. In this study, Korean-Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-2(K-GARS-2) was standardized, and verified the reliability, validity. Methods:K-GARS-2 was standardized and the reliability, validity was evaluated for 109 patients with autism aged 3 to 22 years. Results:Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of K-GARS-2 is 0.94 in the total 42 items and reliability was verified. KGARS-2 standard scores were highly correlated with scores of CARS and also Items-discrimination coefficients also showed a high correlation. Autism subscale standard score and the Autism quotient also showed a strong correlation. When compared with the other mental disorder groups, autism group show significantly higher scores. Conclusion:With the increasing prevalence of autism, the importance of accurate diagnosis and therapeutic approach is increasing in Korea. In this perspective, K-GARS-2 standardization process is very meaningful.

보이차(Camelia sinensis L) 추출물이 ICR Mouse의 급성 알코올 대사에 미치는 효과

박수현,윤혜경,구성자 동아시아식생활학회 2004 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.14 No.6

An eight-week-old male ICR mouse, which was induced with acute alcohol and sub-acute alcohol poisoning condition, was administered with bohee tea(Camelia sinensis L) extract. After oral administration of bohee tea and inducement of acute alcohol poisoning condition, the mouses blood alcohol concentration became as low as that of the normal control group. Its decrease rate was 87.26%, in comparison with that of the positive control group. Moreover, its blood GOT activity decreased with a rate of 93.1% until it reached the normal level, as opposed to that of the positive control group. In addition, the GOT activity, despite rising after the alcohol intake, decreased(p<0.05) significantly after administration of each sample and reached the normal level. The bohee tea group experienced a significant decrease in the GOT activity, compared with the Alcodex group and the Drink group. The GPT activity of the Alcodex group decreased by 11% compared with that of the positive control group. The GTP activity of the bohee tea group decreased by 8.2%, while that of the Drink group decreased by 6.5%(p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the results in the control group and those of the test group. The bohee tea group's hepatic ADH activity increased by 22.7% compared with that of the positive control group. On the other hand, the hepatic ADH activity of the Drink group increased by 33.6% while that of the Alcodex group increased by 20.4%. On the contrary, the bohee tea extract, the hepatic ALDH did not manifest any significant difference as compared with the normal control group. However, its decrease rate was about 16.67% as compared with that of the positive control group. The Drink group, meanwhile, obtained a decrease rate of about 21.59%.

PCR과 RFLP를 이용한 자궁경부암과 난소암에서의 Clonality

박정은,조경혜,이제호 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1997 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.9 No.-

Knowledge of the clonal origin of a tumor has important conceptual and practical implications. Cancers are believed to arise through multistep accumulation of xomatic mutations in the progeny of a single cell of origin. DNAs from cervical and ovarian carcinoma were used for investication of their clonalities, Clonality was investigated in two different ways. First, HPRT gene was examined by southern blotting to show materanl and paternal copies of the X-chromosome linked gene through a RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and to distinguish active copies from inactive ones of this gene through methylation changes. Second, polymorphic portion of X-chromosome linked PGK (phosphoglycerate kinase)gene was amplified by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) after selective digestion of the active X chromosome with a methylation sensitive restriction enzyme(Hpa Ⅱ). Twenty four cervical carcinomas were analysed, 6 of them were informative for the HPRT gene. 5 of 17 cervical carcinoma patients were informative for the PGK gene. Fourteen ovarian carcinomas were analysed, and 6 of them were informative for the PGK gene. In one of the PGK cases analysed in ovarian carcinoma, there was clear evidence of monoclonal origin. The remaining 16 cases were not clear whether they are monoclonal origin or not because of band patterns suggessting possibility of DNA contamination from normal cell in tumor tissues. The results suggest that ovarian carcinomas is a monoclonal origin. These experiments have important implications for understanding of the natural history of cancer and for clinical strategies aimed at prevention and treatment. Further studies will be required to clarity the clonal origin of gynecilogic malignancies.

Alloxan으로 유발된 당뇨쥐의 간조직 Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase 효소의 변화

조경혜,박수영 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCIEN 1997 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.3 No.2

닭의장풀 추출액을 쥐의 체중 1㎏당 40㎎의 alloxan을 미정맥 주사한 당뇨쥐를 실험군으로 하여 혈당강하효과를 보았다. 정상대조군에게는 0.9% saline 용액을 투여하고 당뇨쥐에게는 쥐의 체중 1㎏당 100㎎의 식물단백추출액을 경구투여하여 683.6±115.61(mg/dl)에서 85.6±43.34(mg/dl)의 혈당치의 정상수준으로 회복하는 경향을 확인하였다. 정상군과 당뇨대조군, 약물투여군으로 나눈 실험쥐를 대상으로 간조직에서의 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) 효소의 활성도를 측정한 결과 당뇨대조군에서는 정상군의 34.2%로 G6PD 효소 활성도가 감소되었으며 식물추출액을 투여함으로써 정상치의 61%로 회복되었다. 실험쥐 간조직내에 G6PD 효소활성도의 감소 또는 회복과 G6PD isozyme 분자의 구조변화와의 연관성을 알아보기 위하여 native gel 전기영동을 실시하였다. 정상쥐의 간조직에서의 G6PD isozyme 형태는 band Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ(전기영동상의 분자이동 차이에 따른 형태)로 나타났고 alloxan을 투여한 당뇨쥐의 간조직내에서는 band Ⅰ, Ⅲ만이 나타났다. 닭의장풀 추출액을 투여한 실험군에서는 G6PD isozyme 형태가 정상쥐의 경우에서와 같이 band Ⅰ,Ⅱ와Ⅲ가 모두 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 G6PD isozyme의 구조변화가 G6PD의 효소활성도와 매우 큰 연관성이 있는 것으로 보여진다. The hypoglycemic and metabolic effects of Commelina communis L. extract were investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The increased blood glucose level in the diabetic rats was sinificantly lowered with the treatments of the plant protein extract. Administration of the plant extract ellicited the significant increase of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity in liver of alloxan-induced rats. Three isozyme patterns(band Ⅰ,Ⅱ&Ⅲ: in order decreasing mobility) of G6PD were found when normal rat liver extract were subjected to electrophoresis on native polyacrylamide gel. On the other hand, G6PD band patterns of alloxan-induced rat liver extract were found band Ⅱ isozyme missing. By treatment of plant extract in alloxan-induced rats has been showed pattern the recovery of missing band patterns. This indicates that changes of the G6PD isozyme might be related to the cellular process of diabetes.

Cu-SiO₂촉매상에서 메탄올의 메틸포메이트로의 탈수소 반응에 관한 연구

김경림,박해경,설용건,이태희,전민기 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1990 논문집 Vol.22 No.2

Cu-SiO₂촉매상에서 구리의 함량을 달리하며 메탄올을 반응물질로 하여 탈수소 반응을 고정층 연속흐름 반응기에서 행하였다. 조작조건의 범위는 온도 175∼250℃, 압력 ?? 접촉시간 0.013∼0.043g.cat.hr/mL이었다. 구리의 함량에 따라 전화율과 선택도가 달라지고 구리의 함량이 1.5wt.%일 때 메틸포메이트로의 수율이 가장 좋았다. 최적 조작 조건은 온도와 접촉시간이 각각 225℃, 0.033g.cat.hr/mL 부근이었다. 이온 교환법으로 제조된 1.5wt.% Cu-SiO₂촉매상에서 메탄올의 탈수소 반응의 활성화 에너지는 3.73kcal/mol이었다. The dehydrogenation of methanol to methylformate was studied over Cu-SiO₂catalyst prepared by ion-exchange method with the change of copper content in a fixed bed, continuous flow reactor. The ranges of experimental conditions were : at the temperature between 175℃ and 250℃, pressure at ??, and contact time between 0.013 and 0.043g.cat.hr/mL. Conversion and selectivity were changed with Cu content and yield of methylformate showed the highest value with 1.5wt.% Cu. The optimum conditions were 225℃, 0.033g.cat.hr/mL for reaction temperature and contact time, respectively. The activation energy of dehydrogenation of methanol to methylformate was 3.73kcal/mol over 1.5wt.% Cu-SiO₂.

Erythromycin 내성 포도알균의 유도형 Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B (MLS_(B)) 내성 표현형 빈도

김경희,박순호,박필환,안정열,서일혜 대한감염학회 2010 감염과 화학요법 Vol.42 No.3

Background: Inducible MLS_(B) (macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B) resistance in staphylococci is not detected by standard susceptibility test methods. Failure to identify inducible MLS_(B) resistance may lead to clinical failure during clindamycin therapy. We determined the prevalence of inducible MLS_(B) resistance in erythromycin-resistant staphylococcal isolates. Materials and Methods: We evaluated all 2,792 non-duplicate staphylococcal strains: 1,402 Staphylococcus aureus and 1,390 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolated from May 2008-June 2009 at one-unoversity hospital. Testing for inducible MLS_(B) was accomplished by the disk approximation test (D-test) in accordance with the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results: Of the 2,792 staphylococcal isolates, 892 S. aureus isolates and 740 CoNS isolates were resistant to erythromycin. Among the 892 erythromycin-resistant S. aureus isolates, the overall prevalence of inducible MLS_(B) was 21.3% (16.2% of MRSA and 76.3% of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus). Among the 740 erythromycinresistant CoNS isolates, the overall prevalence of inducible MLS_(B) was 16.5% (16.0% of methicillin-resistant CoNS and 18.7% of methicillin-susceptible CoNS). The D-test was positive in 88.8% of S. aureus and 28.4% of CoNS isolates, which were erythromycin-resistant and clindamycin-susceptible. Conclusions: There are some variations in the prevalence of inducible MLS_(B) resistance in clinical staphylococcal isolates. It is important that clinical laboratories report inducible MLS_(B) resistance for erythromycin-resistant and clindamycinsusceptible staphylococcal isolates.

TiO₂-ZrO₂와 γ-Al₂O₃에 담지된 Co-Mo 촉매의 특성비교 및 수첨탈황반응에 관한 연구

김경림,고을석,박해경,이재열 연세대학교 대학원 1993 延世論叢 Vol.29 No.1

Hydrodesulfurization of thiophene were studied over Co- Mo/TiO2- ZrO2 and Co-Mo/γ-Al2O3 catalysts. Under the experimental conditions of this study, the surface area, acidity and acid strength of TiO2- ZrO2 support were similar to those of γ-Al2O3 support. Characteristics of Co-Mo/TiO2-ZrO2 catalyst were similar to that of Co-Mo/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst, too. Under the atmospheric pressure, thiophene conversion increased with increasing temperature over both Co-Mo/TiO2-ZrO2 and Co-Mo/γ-Al2O3 catalysts, and the increasing rate of thiophene conversion over Co-Mo/TiO2-ZrO2 catalyst was higher than that of Co-Mo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst with increasing temperature.

방사선 조사에 의한 HL-60 세포의 아포프토시스

김경옥,조경혜,박상철 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1997 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.9 No.-

The research for mechanism of cell death has been recently focused on induction of programmed cell death(apoptosis), which is contrastingly different from necrosis in the point of that the active cellular participation is required for the process of cell death. The radiation-induced cell death hag been well known and already broadly applied for the treatment of cancers. However, the disadvantage of irradiation resulting in the nonspecific cellular damages limits its use. To overcome this problem, it is required to use the lower level of irradiation to the cancer cells under condition that the compensatory mode of treatment is combined. In the present experiment, we tried to elucidate the mode of radiation-induced cell death. To investigate the cellular changes, caused by irradiation, we have monitored a several of factors after radiation exposure in HL-60 cells. For the study of the mechanism of apoptosis mediated by irradiation, we evaluated DNA ladder pattern, DNA fragmentation index, and morphological changes in HL-60 cells. And also it was determined the efficient way to modulate the apoptosis using chemical and biological materials. We performed MTT test to assess cytotoxicity dependent in this study. We also studied time dose responses of chemicals based upon the results of IC_50 values. The apoptosis caused by irradiation usually induced ranged from IGy to 40Gy. It has been demonstrated that HL-60 cells exhibited DNA ladder pattern at 3 hours after irradiation of 15Gy. The morphological feature of apoptosis was also observed by immunohistochemical studies. The extent of DNA fragmentation, which is an index of apoptosis, was decreased by addition of dehydroepiandrosterone(DHEA) or aspartate to the irradiated in HL-60 cells. These results indicate that DHEA, a steroid, has some protective effect against DNA damaging agents and aspartate has exerted its action as a metabolic oxygen free-radicals scavenger of induced by irradiation. From these results, it can be concluded that irradiationinduced cellular apoptosis of HL-60 cells might be modulated by the status of modulated hormonally or metabolically.

치매방지 작업기구 사용이 항산화효소 활성에 미치는 영향

조경혜,박정은,윤지윤,문세보,박효영,정인옥,이정원 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2001 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.13 No.-

We developed an occupational therapy tool to maintain and improve the cognitive function for the elderly who have senile dementia. 86 elderly people took a mininal mental state examination (MMSE) for the therapy to perform the occupational therapy, and divided into three groups based on avarage ages and MMSE values. The occupational therapy was treated three times per week for 10 weeks. The results showed that there were significant differences in the performing scores before and after the treatment ; the scores for the occupational therapy were increased significantly (p<0.001) and the performing time was shortened from 6-week throughout 10-week regimen. This study was to examine the effect on the activity of antioxidant enzymes by occupational therapy. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, Glutathion-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were increased to the normal standard by the occupational therapy for the elderly having dementia. The recovery of activities of antioxidant enzymes was obvious in severe demented elderly compared to those in normal or mild demented elderly. These results suggest that the occupational therapy had an beneficial effect on the protection against the oxidative stress especially for severe demented elderly, and the occupational tool need to be modified so as to improve the protection against the oxidative stress for normal and/or mild demented elderly.