School Finance Reform in Korea : Findings and Implications for School-based Budgeting System

Han, You-Kyung 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교과교육연구소 2004 East west education Vol.21 No.-

The purpose of this study is to explore the means to implant successfully the school-based budgeting system by analyzing the current status of financial management in schools and grasping the problems that arose during its implementation, which was first launched in March, 2001 in the national and public elementary, middle, and high schools nation-wide. To this end, the current status of financial management in schools that has been implemented during the last years is analyzed and both the success and failure in implementing the school-based budgeting system are investigated.

Private-Source Educational Expenditure in Korea : Analysis and Implications

Han, You-Kyung RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CURRICULUM INSTRUCTION EWHA 2005 East west education Vol.22 No.-

Private educational expenditure means the sum of the expenses individual household paid for educational activities but not processed through official accounting procedure. It includes private tutoring fees, books, room and board, school supplies and so on. Private educational spendings per student in the year of 2001 is 1,999 thousand won in pre- schools, 2,368 thousand won in elementary schools, 2,261 thousand won in middle schools, 2,307 thousand won in general high schools, 1,360 thousand won invocational high schools, 1,938 thousand won in junior colleges, 2,216 thousand won in industrial universities, 2,673 thousand won in four-year colleges and 2,330 thousand won in graduate schools. Total private educational expenditure estimated from these sample figures is 18,782 billion won for pre-school, middle school and high school students together and 7,891 billion won for students in higher education institutions. What we are most concerned about regarding the private educational expenditure is the amount of expenditure for the private tutoring. The percentage of private tutoring expenses on the average is about 48.6. Private educational spending per student has declined compared to the spending in 1998. Especially the spending for elementary school students, general high school students and college students had declined greatly. However, the spending for middle school students, vocational high school students and junior college students has slightly increased. The portion out of GDP also declined to 5.61% in 2001 from 6.53% in 1998.

Fluoroacetate(Platol)중독 증상 연구 : 자살기도자를 중심으로

한창환,황주연,김경식,안석철 大韓神經精神醫學會 1984 신경정신의학 Vol.23 No.1

This study was designed to evaluate the clinical problems of fluoroacetate intoxication. The total number of the fluoroacetate intoxication patients who came to the emergency room of Han Gang Sacred Heart Hospital from Jan. 1, 1983 to Aug. 31, 1983 were 96 cases. Among them, 41 attempters who were consulted to the psychiatrist were evaluated and observed in detail. The following results were obtained. 1. The rodenticide poisoning accounts for 37.2% of all toxic substance intoxication(total 266 cases) at Han Gang Sacred Heart Hospital from Jan. 1983 to Aug. 1983. Among them, 96 cases(36.1%) of fluorcacetate intoxication were observed. 2. Female was affected 2.4 times more frequently than male. 35.5% of total cases belonged to age group 21∼30years, when incidence was most prevalent 3. As the route of drug obtainment, supplement were commonest(63.3%), purchase in 29.4%. 4. CNS disturbances such as drowsiness, stupor, semicoma and irritability were observed in 75.6% of the cases. Speech disturbances such as dysarthria, childish speech was observed in 9.8%of the cases. Convulsion(29.3%), tremor(12.2%) spasm and twitching(4.9%) were also frequently observed. Tachycardia was found in 43.8% of the cases and other frequent symptoms were nausea and vomiting(53.7%), abdominal pain(34.2%), mild or high fever(26.8%). Lower calcium(below 9mg) was found in 29.3% of the cases and lower potassium(below 3.5mEq) was found in 22.0% of the cases. EKG findings revealed QT prolongation(22.0%), ST-T change(22.0%) and u-wave, RBBB, and PVC(14.6%). 5. 92 cases(95.8%) recovered without sequelae and 4 cases(4.2%) expired.

항암제 AG60이 흰생쥐 위점막 상피세포의 DNA합성에 미치는 영향 : 자기방사법적연구

박경호,안의태,고정식,하상선,한영복,정영신,홍은경,유보림,김상건,이경영,강종구 대한해부학회 1999 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.32 No.1

반측안면소체증의 측두골 전산화 단층촬영소견

한종규,한경렬,백병준,김형환,배원경,김일영 순천향의학연구소 2005 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.11 No.1

Hemifacial microsomia(HFM) is a craniofacial disorder and complex malformation syndrome with a variable and asymmetric malformation involving first and second pharyngeal arch derivatives. Multiple etiological mechanisms for HFM have been considered. Mechanisms proposed include genetic factors, early embryogenesis insults involving abnormal neural crest development and migration, and stapedial artery hematoma. HFM is the second most common craniofacial malformation but has been rarely reported in korea, and we report five cases of HFM in temporal bone CT findings. The temporal bone CT findings of five patients aged 6 days and 19 years(mean, 9 years) with hemifacial microsomia were reviewed and evaluated. Particular attention was focused on auricular malformation, external auditory canal, volume of middle ear cavity, ossicular anomaly, facial nerve anomaly and inner ear anomaly. In all patients, temporal bone CT scans revealed the stenosis or atresia of external auditory canals, decreased middle ear cavities, matoid underdevelopment and ossicular anomalies including ossicular ankylosis, but only one patient showed facial nerve or inner ear anomaly. In conclusion, temporal bone CT scan is a useful diagnosis modality of hemifacial microsomia, which is especially more useful in preoperative evaulation and estimation of postoperative prognosis that demonstate middle and inner ear anomalies.

Analysis of KAP1 expression patterns and human endogenous retrovirus Env proteins in ovarian cancer

Kyung‑Yoon Jeon,Eun‑Ji Ko,Young Lim Oh,Hongbae Kim,Wan Kyu Eo,김아리,Han Gyu Sun,Meesun Ock,Ki Hyung Kim,Hee‑Jae Cha 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.10

Background Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) constitute around 8% of the human genome and have important roles in human health and disease, including cancers. Previous studies showed that HERV envelope (Env) proteins are highly expressed in cancer tissues and co-related with cancer progression. KAP1 has been reported to play a key role in regulating retrotransposons, including HERV-K, through epigenetic silencing. Objective The relationship between KAP-1 and HERV Envs expressions was analyzed only in tumor cell lines and has not yet been studied in cancer tissues. In this study, we analyzed the expression patterns and relationship between KAP1 and HERV Env proteins in ovarian cancer tissues. Method The expression patterns of KAP-1 and HERV Env proteins, including HERV-K and HERV-R, were analyzed in ovarian cancer tissue microarrays that contained 80 surgical specimens, including normal ovary and malignant ovarian cancers. Results The expression of HERV-R Env and KAP1 proteins is signifcantly higher in ovarian cancer compared with normal ovary tissues. However, the expression of HERV-K Env did not change signifcantly in cancer tissues. The expression patterns of HERV-K Env and HERV-R Env signifcantly increased in early stages of cancer and KAP1 expression was higher in certain stage and types of cancers. However, the expression of HERV-K Env, HERV-R Env, and KAP1 did not change in diferent age groups. The correlation between the expression of KAP1 and HERV-Env, including HERV-K and HERV-R, was not signifcantly correlated. Conclusions The results of this study showed that there was no signifcant correlation between the expression of KAP1 and HERV Env proteins in ovarian cancer tissues, unlike studies with cell lines in vitro. These results suggest that the actual expression of HERV Env proteins in ovarian cancer tissues may be regulated through various complex factors as well as KAP1.

Key Ethical Issues and Hindrances to Ethical Behavior in Korean Insurance Industry

Lee, Kyung-Lyong,Lee, Bong-Joo,Lee, Han-Duck 서강대학교 경영연구소 2004 서강경영논총 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to investigate key ethical issues and hindrances to ethical behavior faced by professionals working in Korean insurance industry. For this purpose, conducted is a survey of actuaries in a variety of positions in insurance companies and insurance related institutions. The findings also are compared to those of American studies. Actuaries' perceptions of the key ethical issues tend to be restricted to actuarial aspects such as insufficient legal authority to perform professional services in an ethical manner and failure to get adequate ethics training program. But some issues arising in marketing are considered significant similar to the U.S. As a whole, key ethical issues and challenges are not significantly different from the viewpoints of actuaries working in the life and non-life insurance business. Regarding key hindrances to ethical behavior, the 15 factors are presented such as competitive pressures, performance-based evaluation and unethical demand made by clients. These findings are generally similar to those of the U.S. studies.

역도 경기기록과 체격 및 체력과의 관계 연구

안정헌,안병훈,이창수,이한경 龍仁大學校 武道硏究所 1998 武道硏究所誌 Vol.9 No.1

This study, to examine the interrelation between the physique physical fitness and the game records by identifying ideal physical state, measured physique and fitness of weight lifters. It was also proposed for this date to help select middle school players. The results were as follows; 1) The interrelation between the physiqueㆍfitness of middle school students and the game records. (1) Seeing the degree of interrelation of the physique and the snatch records, there were statistically meaningful interrelation in the sitting height, the left right arm, the left right calf, the left right leg, the breast, the waist, and the hips. (2) Seeing the degree of interrelation of the fitness and the snatch records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the left right grasping power, the Back muscular strength, the vertical jump, the standing long jump, and the truck extensor. (3) Seeing the degree of interrelation of the physique and the clean and jerk records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the sitting height, the left right upper arms, the left right leg, the left right calf, the breast, the waist, and the hips. (4) Seeing the degree of interrelation of fitness and the clean and jerk records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the left grasping power, the Back muscular strength, the standing long jumo, and the truck extensor. 2) The interrelation between the physiqueㆍfitness of high school students and the game records (1) Seeing the degree of interrelation of the physique and the snatch records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the sitting height, the left right upper arms, the left right leg, the right calf, the breast, and the hips. (2) Seeing the degree of interrelation of the fitness and the snatch records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the left right grasping power, the vertical jump, and standing long jump. (3) Seeing the degree of interrelation of the physique and the clean and jerk records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the sitting height, the left right upper arms, the left right leg, the right calf, and the gips. (4) Seeing the degree of interrelation of interrelation of the fitness and the clean and jerk records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the left right grasping power, the vertical jump, and the standing long jump. 3) The interrelation between the physiqueㆍfitness of college studentsㆍadults and the game records (1) Seeing the degree of interrelation of the physique and the snatch records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the sitting height, the left right upper arms, the left right leg, the right calf, the breast, and the hips. (2) Seeing the degree of interrelation of the fitness and the snatch records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the left right grasping power, the side step, and the Berpee test. (3) Seeing the degree of interrelation of the physique and the clean and jerk records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the sitting height, the left right upper arms, the left right leg, the right calf, the breast, the waist and the hips. (4) Seeing the degree of interrelation of interrelation of the fitness and the clean and jerk records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the left right grasping power, the side step, the Berpee test and the vertical jump. 4) The interrelation between the physiqueㆍfitness of the whole group and the game records (1) Seeing the degree of interrelation of the physique and the snatch records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the sitting height, the left right upper arms, the left right leg, the right calf, the waist, and the hips. (2) Seeing the degree of interrelation of the fitness and the snatch records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the left right grasping power, the Back muscular strength, the vertical jump, and standing long jump the truck extensor, the trunk flexor, and the side step. (3) Seeing the degree of interrelation of the physique and the clean and jerk records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the sitting height, the left right upper arms, the left right leg, the right calf, the breast, the waist and the hips. (4) Seeing the degree of interrelation of interrelation of the fitness and the clean and jerk records, there were statistically meaningful interrelations in the left right grasping power, the vertical jump, and the standing long jump the turck extensor, the trunk flexor, and the side step.

협동적 신체활동이 유아의 자아개념 향상에 미치는 효과

김한나 ( Kim Han Nah ),이경화 ( Lee Kyung-hwa ) 한국실천유아교육학회(구 한국Montessori교육학회) 2018 실천유아교육 Vol.23 No.2

본 연구는 협동적 신체활동이 유아의 자아개념 향상에 효과적인지 목적을 두고 이를 확인하고자 실험연구를 실시하였다. 연구의 대상은 서울에 위치한 국공립어린이집에 재원중인 만 4세 유아를 대상으로 하였다. 이중 실험집단은 H어린이집에 재원 중인 만 4세 유아 13명, 통제집단은 J어린이집에 재원 중인 만 4세 유아 13명이다. 실험집단 유아들은 6주 동안 주 2회씩, 총 12회의 협동적 신체활동 프로그램에 참여하였고, 통제집단 유아들은 6주 동안 만 4세 누리교육과정 신체활동에 참여하였다. 유아의 자아개념 측정을 위한 도구로 이경화, 고진영(2015)의‘유아용 자아개념 검사’를 사용하였고, 분석은 SPSS WIN 24.0 프로그램을 이용하여 집단별 차이검증 t-test를 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 협동적 신체활동 프로그램에 참여한 실험집단이 누리교육과정의 신체활동에 참여한 통제집단 보다 유아의 총 자아개념이 향상된 것이 확인되었다. 둘째, 하위영역별 자아개념에 있어서는 협동적 신체활동 프로그램에 참여한 실험집단이 누리교육과정의 신체활동에 참여한 통제집단 보다 인지적 자아, 사회적 자아, 신체적 자아 영역에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 점수가 확인되었으나, 정의적 자아 영역에서는 실험집단과 통제집단 간에 유의한 차이가 확인되지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과는 협동적 신체활동 프로그램이 누리교육과정의 신체활동보다 유아의 자아개념을 향상시키는데 긍정적인 효과가 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cooperative physical activities on the self-concept of young children. For this purpose, an experimental study was conducted to determine whether cooperative physical activities are effective in improving the self-concept(physical, cognitive, social, emotional) of young children. This study used the standardized 'Self-concept examination for young children', produced by Lee Kyung-Wha and Ko Jin-young (2015), as a tool for measuring the self-concept of young children. The pre- and post-test were conducted through individual interviews using free-choice activity time and after-school hours in both experimental group and control group. The results of this study are as follows. Firstly, it was confirmed that the overall self-concept of the children in the experimental group participating in the cooperative physical activities program improved more than the self-concept of the children in the control group participating in the physical activities of the Nuri curriculum. Secondly, in the sub-domains of self-concept, the experimental group participating in the cooperative physical activities program showed a statistically higher score in the cognitive self, social self, and physical self than the control group participating in physical activities of the Nuri curriculum, but there was no significant difference in emotional self-concept between the experimental group and the control group. The results of this study showed that the cooperative physical activities program had a more positive effect on the improvement of the self-concept of young children than the physical activities of the Nuri curriculum, and it is suggested that if cooperative physical activities are actively used in the education field of young children, the children's self-concept can be improved more effectively.

어린이집 교사와 유치원 교사의 장애유아 통합에 대한 신념과 실제 및 욕구 분석

전한나(Jun, Han-Na),조윤경(Cho, Youn-Kyung) 한국유아교육·보육복지학회 2010 유아교육·보육복지연구 Vol.14 No.1

장애아에 대한 무상 교육 및 보육 정책에 따라 장애 영유아들이 점차 더 많이 일반기관에 통합되어 교육과 보육 서비스를 받고 있음에도 불구하고, 통합을 위한 체계적인 지원이나 프로그램 운영 지침이 없어서 담당 교사들은 장애 영유아를 보육(교육)하는 데, 즉 통합 실행에서 어려움을 겪고 있다. 본 연구는 서울특별시 및 경기 지역에 소재하고 있는 44개 기관에서 317명의 교사(어린이집 교사 162명, 유치원 교사 155명)를 중심으로, 장애아 통합 실행에 주요 영향 요인인 통합에 대한 교사의 신념과 실제를 어린이집과 유치원 교사를 비교해 보고, 교사변인에 따른 장애아 통합에 대한 인식 차이를 살펴보았다. 또한 교사의 통합 신념 및 실제에 주요 영향 요인인 현직 연수 욕구 종류와 형태도 알아보았다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 통합교육 및 통합보육에 대한 일반적인 신념에는 어린이집 교사가 유치원 교사보다 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 통합교육 및 통합보육에 대한 실제에 차이에는 유치원 교사가 어린이집 교사보다 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 재직 연수에 있어서 어린이집 교사의 경우 재직연수가 6년 이상 되는 집단에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 나타냈고, 학력이 높을수록 장애아 통합에 대한 인식이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 통합경험과 연수경험에 따라 장애아 통합에 대한 교사의 신념과 실제에서 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 넷째, 어린이집 교사와 유치원 교사가 통합교육 및 통합보육에 대한 이해와 전문성을 향상시키기 위해 필요한 현직연수 내용은 장애아 진단 및 평가, 행동지도, 부모 및 전문가와 협력하기 순으로 나타났고, 연수 형태는 개별적인 지원, 소그룹 지도, 오프라인 워크숍 등의 실질적인 지원을 요구했다. Due to education policy changes, increasing numbers of young children with special needs are attending inclusive programs. Teachers in these settings need to have corresponding beliefs and skills so that young children with special needs can succeed with their peers. And it is critical to the success of inclusion efforts to continue to build a knowledge base about teachers’ abilities and training needs in this area. So this study is intended to explore the beliefs, skills, background causes and training needs of the child care and education and Pre-K teachers regarded as the importantaffecting factors in preschool inclusive implementation. The data were collected the background informations, beliefs, skills, and training needs with two group teachers. In this study, the 162 child care and education teachers and 155 Pre-K teachers were participated in Seoul and Kyung-gi Do area. The results of this study were as followed. First, in beliefs, the child care and education teachers showed the higher than the Pre-K teachers. Second, in skills, the Pre-K teachers showed the higher than the child care and education teachers. Third, in background causes, the academic attainments, the experiences of inclusive education and the amount of inservice training yielded different results. Fourth, to provide optimal inclusive education, teachers wanted the inservice training in assessment and evaluation of children with special needs, behavior management, and corporation with family and other practitioners. They wished to receive the inservice training by individual support, small group guidance, and off-line workshop. Based on these results, implications for policy, practice and research were discussed.