Incidence and sero-surveillance of feline viruses in Korean cats residing in Gyeonggi-do

Yang, Dong-Kun,Park, Yu-Ri,Kim, Eun-ju,Lee, Hye Jeong,Shin, Kyu-Sik,Kim, Ju-Hun,Lee, Kyunghyun,Hyun, Bang-Hun The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2022 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.62 No.3

Incidences of major feline viral diseases provide basic information for preventing viral disease in cats. Despite the growing interest in feline viral diseases, sero-surveillances have been lacking. In this study, we analyzed the diagnoses of feline viral diseases and conducted a sero surveillance of feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), feline calicivirus (FCV), feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1), and feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) in Korean cats. Of the 204 confirmed cases since 2015, the numbers of diagnoses for FPV, FIPV, FCV, feline influenza virus, and FHV-1 were 156, 32, 12, 3, and 1 case, respectively. In total, 200 sera, collected between 2019 and 2021, were screened for the presence of antibodies against FPV, 2 FCVs, FHV-1, and FIPV using a hemagglutination inhibition test and a virus-neutralizing assay (VNA). The overall seropositive rates in cats tested for FPV, the 2 FCVs, FHV-1, and FIPV were 92.5%. 42.0%, 37.0%, 52.0%, and 14.0%, respectively. A low correlation (r = 0.466) was detected between the VNA titers of 2 FCV strains. The highest incidence and seropositive rate of FPV reveal that FPV is circulating in Korean cats. The low r-value between 2 FCVs suggests that a new feline vaccine containing the 2 kinds of FCVs is required.

Serosurveillance for Japanese encephalitis, Akabane, and Aino viruses for Thoroughbred horses in Korea

Dong-Kun Yang,Byoung-han Kim,Chang-Hee Kweon,Jin-Ju Nah,Hyun-Joo Kim,Kyung-Woo Lee,Young-Jin Yang,Kyu-Whan Mun 대한수의학회 2008 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.9 No.4

Recent global warming trends may have a significant impact on vector-borne viral diseases, possibly affecting vector population dynamics and disease transmission. This study measured levels of hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibodies against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and neutralizing antibodies against Akabane virus (AKAV) and Aino virus (AINV) for Thoroughbred horses in Korea. Blood samples were collected from 989 racehorses in several provinces, between October 2005 and March 2007. Sera were tested using either an HI assay or a virus neutralization test. Approximately half (49.7%; 492/989) of the horses tested were antibody-positive for JEV. The HI titer against JEV was significantly correlated with racehorse age (p < 0.05). Horses with an HI antibody titer of 1:160 or higher accounted for 3.9% of the animals tested, indicating that vectors transmitting arthropod- borne viruses bit relatively few horses. In contrast, 3.8% (19/497) and 19.5% (97/497) of horse sera collected in March 2007 were positive against AKAV and AINV, respectively. The presence of antibodies against AKAV and AINV may indicate the multiplication of AKAV and AINV in these horses.

Life Science : Anti-allergic Activity of an Ethanol Extract from Salviae miltiorrhiza

( Ju Hye Yang ),( Kun Ho Son ),( Jong Keun Son ),( Hyeun Wook Chang ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2009 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.19 No.-

Detection of Neutralizing Antibody Against Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Wild Boars of Korea

Yang, Dong-Kun,Kim, Ha-Hyun,Hyun, Bang-Hun,Lim, Seong-In,Nam, Yun-Kyoung,Nah, Jin-Ju,Song, Jae-Young The Korean Society for Microbiology 2012 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.42 No.4

Several species of animals, including horses and pigs, can be infected with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Wild boars (Sus scrofa) are also considered to be an effective amplifying host for JEV in wild environments. In this study, 288 blood samples were collected from wild boars in eight Korean provinces, and antibodies against JEV were detected using a virus neutralizing assay. The results showed that 66.0% (190/288) of wild boars in Korea had neutralizing antibodies against JEV. We found no significant differences in the seroprevalence of JEV among provinces (p > 0.05). The results indicate that wild boars in Korea have been exposed to JEV, suggesting that these boars may play an important role in amplifying and carrying JEV to other regions of Korea. The result of this study may be helpful for planning preventive measures.

The follow up study after massive outbreak of Akabane and bovine ephemeral fever viruses in Korea

Yang, Dong-Kun,Kim, Sun-Young,Kim, Ha-Hyun,Kang, Mi-Sun,Nah, Jin-Ju,Choi, Sung-Suk,Seok, Kum-Ok,Cho, Jong-Suk,Song, Jae-Young The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2013 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.36 No.3

Since a large number of Akabane and bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) infection occurred in the southern part of Korea in 2010, recent information about seroprevalence of Akabane virus (AKAV) and bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) has been required for preventing both diseases. In this study, serological assay against AKAV and BEFV using virus neutralization assay was conducted using 1,743 bovine sera collected from Namwon, Miryang, Yeongju and Uljin which located in Southern part of Korea from March to May in 2012. The overall seropositive rates for AKAV and BEFV were found to be 49.8% and 1.2%, respectively. The regional distribution of seroprevalence for AKAV ranged from 18.1% to 63.7%. Seroprevalences of AKAV were 63.7% in Miryang, 62.3% in Uljin, 50.7% in Namwon, and 18.1% in Yeongju. The seropositive rates for AKAV in southern part of Korea were higher than the annual average at the national level. On the other hand, seropositive rates of BEFV in four regions were from 0.3 to 3.1%. In detail, regional seroprevalences were 3.1% in Miryang, 2.0% in Uljin, and 1.7% in Yeongju, and 0.3% in Namwon. Even only one year after massive outbreaks, overall seropositive rates were very low, similar to the annual average at the nation level. This result indicates that many number of cattle infected with BEFV may be replaced by new born calf or cattle in farm may not be immunized with vaccines. To prevent another epidemic, a national wide warning should be issued and more aggressive control measure must be implied. Recent global warming phenomenon could lead to more vigorous activity of haematophagous vectors and it is possible that arboviral diseases such as AKAV and BEFV are increased. Therefore, continuous sero-monitoring and extensive vaccination combined with control of haematophagous vectors are important to effectively prevent and control diseases caused by AKAV and BEFV.

Inactivated genotype 1 Japanese encephalitis vaccine for swine

Yang, Dong-Kun,Nah, Jin-Ju,Kim, Ha-Hyun,Song, Jae-Young 대한백신학회 2014 Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research Vol.3 No.2

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>Japanese encephalitis is a reproductive disorder caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in swine. Recent genotype (G) shift phenomenon (G3 to G1) in the Asia-wide has posed a challenge for proper prevention by the current vaccine strain. Thus, new kinds of JEV G1 vaccines with enhanced immunogenicity have been required for pigs.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>Recombinant porcine granulocyte monocyte-colony stimulating factor (reporGM-CSF) protein was expressed in <I>Spodoptera frugiperda</I> (<I>Sf</I>-9) cells using baculovirus expression system. Two kinds of trials with inactivated JEV vaccines containing IMS1313 adjuvant (Seppic, France) were prepared with or without reporGM-CSF protein. Safety and immunogenicity of the pigs inoculated with the JEV vaccines via intramuscular route was evaluated for 28 days after inoculation.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Mice, guinea pigs, and fattening pigs inoculated with the inactivated vaccine showed no signs for 14 and 21 days. Both hemagglutination inhibition and plaque reduction neutralizing antibody titers were significantly higher in pigs immunized with the vaccine containing reporGM-CSF protein after boosting. However, on the side of vaccine efficacy, most mice (87%) immunized with the inactivated JEV vaccine survived after virulent JEV challenge. Whereas the group with the vaccine containing reporGM-CSF protein showed lower protective effects than the vaccine alone for the biological activity of the GM-CSF depending on species specific.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Our data indicate that animals inoculated with the JEV vaccines was safe and pigs inoculated with inactivated JEV vaccine containing reporGM-CSF protein showed higher humoral immune responses than that of inactivated JEV vaccine without reporGM-CSF protein.</P>

Anti-allergic Activity of an Ethanol Extract from Salviae miltiorrhiza

Yang, Ju-Hye,Son, Kun-Ho,Son, Jong-Keun,Chang, Hyeun-Wook 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.12

As part of an ongoing investigation aimed at the discovery of novel bioactive medicinal herbs with anti-inflammatory properties, the effects of an ethanolic extract from the parts of Salviae miltiorrhiza Bunge (ESM) were evaluated using in vitro and in vivo animal model analysis. ESM inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and COX-1-dependent phases of prostaglandin $D_2$ ($PGD_2$) generation in bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) in a concentration-dependent manner with $IC_{50}$ values of $3.96{\mu}g/mL$ and $21.54{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Furthermore, ESM inhibited leukotriene $C_4$ ($LTC_4$) production with an $IC_{50}$ value of $2.6{\mu}g/mL$. These results clearly demonstrated the dual COX-2 selective/5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity that ESM possessed. ESM strongly inhibited a degranulation reaction in a dose dependent manner within a BMMC system, with an $IC_{50}$ value of $22.4{\mu}g/mL$. Additionally, ESM was tested in a rat passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction assay by oral administration (25 to 100 mg/kg). ESM dose-dependently inhibited the PCA reaction, which was activated by anti-dinirophenyl (DNP) IgE. These results suggested that ESM might be beneficial in regulating various allergic reactions.

A single immunization with recombinant rabies virus (ERAG3G) confers complete protection against rabies in mice

Yang, Dong-Kun,Nakagawa, Keisuke,Ito, Naoto,Kim, Ha-Hyun,Hyun, Bang-Hun,Nah, Jin-Ju,Sugiyama, Makoto,Song, Jae-Young 대한백신학회 2014 Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research Vol.3 No.2

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>New alternative bait rabies vaccines applicable to pet dogs and wild animals are needed to eradicate rabies in Korea. In this study, recombinant rabies virus, ERAG3G strain was constructed using reverse genetic system and the safety, efficacy and immunogenicity of the ERAG3G strain was evaluated in mice and dogs.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>Using the full-length genome mutated amino acid at position 333 of glycoprotein of rabies virus (RABV) and helper plasmids, the ERAG3G strain was rescued in BHK/T7-9 cells successfully. Mice were inoculated with the ERAG3G strain for safety and efficacy. Safety and immunogenicity of the dog inoculated with the ERAG3G strain (1 mL, 10<SUP>8.0</SUP> FAID<SUB>50</SUB>/mL) via intramuscular route was evaluated for 28 days after inoculation.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The ERAG3G strain rescued by reverse genetic system was propagated well in the mouse neuroblastoma cells revealing titer of 10<SUP>8.5</SUP> FAID<SUB>50</SUB>/mL and was not pathogenic to 4- or 6-week-old mice that received by intramuscular or intracranical route. Immunization with the ERAG3G strain conferred complete protection from lethal RABV in mice. Dogs inoculated with the vaccine candidate via intramuscular route showed high neutralizing antibody titer ranging from 2.62 to 23.9 IU/mL at 28 days postinoculation.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Our findings suggest that the ERAG3G strain plays an important role in inducing protective efficacy in mice and causes to arise anti-rabies neutralizing antibody in dogs.</P>

Antibody Response in Cattle and Guinea Pigs Inoculated with Rabies Vaccines

Yang, Dong-Kun,Jeong, Woong-Ho,Kim, Ha-Hyun,Nah, Jin-Ju,Kim, Jae-Jo,Choi, Sung-Suk,Kim, Jong-Taek,Song, Jae-Young The Korean Society for Microbiology 2014 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.44 No.1

One hundred ninety-five rabies cases in cattle were identified in South Korea since 1993. As most of rabies cases have a relation to rabid Korean raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis), vaccination to animals including cattle is mandatory in rabies risk region. In order to minimize fatal rabies in animals, eradication policy of the disease has been achieved by controlling reservoirs and by mass vaccination. In this study, we compared the antibody response in cattle and guinea pigs inoculated with rabies vaccines commercially available in Korea. Each group of cattle in Gangwon-do was vaccinated intramuscularly with either one of five commercial inactivated vaccines or a live attenuated rabies vaccine (designated as A to F). Serum samples at the time of vaccination and four weeks post vaccination were obtained from the cattle and guinea pigs and were analyzed with virus neutralizing assay (VNA). Each group of cattle inoculating rabies vaccines showed significant virus neutralizing antibody titers (p < 0.05) ranging from 1.55 to 17.8 mean IU/ml compared with the non-vaccinated cattle and guinea pigs inoculated with 1/20 dose of vaccine showed relatively low VN antibody titers ranging from 0.23 to 6.1 mean IU/ml. All cattle immunized with A, C and F showed high VN antibody titers over 0.5 IU/ml and 62.5% and 37.5% of cattle inoculated with D and E showed protective antibody titer, respectively. This finding suggests that the inactivated or live attenuated rabies vaccination commercially available in Korea could induce protective antibody response in Korean cattle, but sero-conversion rate and sero-positive rate showing VN antibody titer over 0.5 IU/ml depend on vaccines.

A comprehensive study on the electrical properties of Hf<SUB>1-x</SUB>Zr<SUB>x</SUB>O₂ thin films with various thicknesses and compositions on Mo electrode

Ju Yong Park(박주용),Se Hyun Kim(김세현),Dong Hyun Lee(이동현),Kun Yang(양건),Geun Hyeong Park(박근형),Min Hyuk Park(박민혁) 한국표면공학회 2022 한국표면공학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2022 No.6