정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

이황화탄소 중독자들의 노출중단 이후의 심박동수 변이

이상윤,조성일,백도명,변창범,김미정,박경근,임상혁,양길승,황창국,전형준 大韓産業醫學會 2006 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.18 No.2

목적: 2000년도에 이황화탄소 중독증 환자들과 대조군의 심박동수 변이를 비교하여 이황화탄소 중독증 환자들의 심박동수 변이가 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮다는 연구보고가 있었다. 당시의 연구가 이황화탄소 노출이 중단된 상태에서 이황화탄소 중독자들의 건강 문제를 연구했다는 점에 의의가 있으나 연구 결과를 해석하는데 있어 제한점들이 있었다. 이 연구는 2000년도에 수행하였던 연구의 제한점을 극복하고 이황화탄소 노출이 중단된 이후의 이황화탄소 중독자들의 심혈관계 상태를 심박동수 변이를 이용하여 평가해보고자 하였다. 방법: 이황화탄소 중독증으로 진단받은 환자 122명과 환자군의 연령대와 성별 빈도에 따라 무작위 추출한 112명을 대조군으로 선정하였다. 자기 기입식 설문지와 건강검진을 통해 연령, 성별, 신장, 체중, 흡연, 음주, 규칙적 운동, 질병력, 직업력, 흉부 방사선 촬영, 심전도 측정을 실시하였다. 연구 대상자들은 의자에 앉힌 상태에서 5분 동안 심박동수 변이를 측정하였다. 이 연구에서 측정한 심박동수 변이 지표들은 정상 RR간격의 표준편차(standard deviation of all norma-to-normal intervals, SDNN), 인접한 RR간격들의 차이를 제곱의 합의 평균의 제곱근(square root of the mean of the sum of squares of differences between adjacent normal-to-normal intervals, RMSSD). 저주파영역(low frequency power, LF: 0.04~0.15Hz), 고주파 영역 (high frequency power, HF:0.15~0.4Hz), 전체 주파수 강도(total power, TP), 저주파/고주파 비 (LF/HF ratio)이다. 결과: 단변량 분석에서 이황화탄소 중독자들의 모든 심박동수 변이 지표들이 대조군에 비하여 낮았다. 다중선형회귀분석에서 이황화탄소 중독은 RMSSD를 유의하게 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다.(P<0.05). 결론: 이 연구는 이황화탄소 노출이 중단된 상태에서도 이황화탄소 중독자들에게 심혈관계와 관련된 건강문제가 있을 수 있음을 시사한다. Objectives: A previous study conducted in 2000 measuring the heart rate variability (HRV) of carbon disulfide (CS_(2))-poisoned subjected suggested that their HRV was reduced after exposure cessation. However, the study was limited by the following procedural limitations: (1) only 71 CS_(2)-poisoned subjects participated, (2) no females participated, and (3) the CS_(2)-poisoned subjects were older than the controls. This study was therefore conducted to overcome these limitations of the earlier study. Methods: The study subjects comprised 122 retired workers with CS_(2) poisoning and the same number of age- and sex-matched controls. Information on individual age, sex, height, wight, smoking history, alcohol drinking, regular exercise, medical and occupational history, chest x-ray, and ECG recording of the two groups was collected though a self-administered questionnaire and a medical examination. Standard Deviation of NN intervals (SDNN), Root-Mean-Square of Successive Differences (RMSSD), Total Power (TP), Low Frequency (LF), High Frequency (HF), and LF/HF ratio were measured as HRV indices for 5 minutes in the sitting position. Results: Univariate analysis revealed that all HRV indices of CS_(2)-poisoned subjected were lower than those of the controls. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that CS_(2) poisoning had negative association with all HRV indices and that its association with RMSSD was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusions: This study suggests that CS_(2)-poisoned subjects continue to have reduced HRV, even though the exposure has ceased.

Group B Streptococci 감염의 임상양상과 Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis를 이용한 유전자형 분석

이승관,이창규,조경진,김상애,김재영,이국성 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2000 保健科學論集 Vol.26 No.1

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PPGE) has been employed as a tool to study correlation between apparent clinical features and genotyping of Group B Streptococci (GBS) infection. The result of serotyping among 45 isolates showed that serotype la, lb, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, NT (nontypeable) were 15.5%, 11.1%, 35.5%, 2.22%, 20%, 15.5%, respectively. The result of serotyping for infection group of 26 isolates showed that serotype la, lb, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, NT were 11.5%, 15.4%, 34.6%, 3.8%, 11.5%, 23%, respectively. The result of serotyping for carrier group of 19 isolates showed that serotype la, lb, Ⅲ, Ⅴ, NT were 21%, 5.3%, 36.8%, 31.6%, 5.3%, respectively. Thus, the predominant serotypes of the infection groups were serotype lb and Ⅲ, and those of the carrier groups serotype Ⅲ and Ⅴ. All isolates were characterized by PFGE analysis. Isolates were assigned to three major phylogenetic Divisions (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ) and subsequently to 16 PFGE groups (A[A1, A2, A3], B[B1, B2, B3], C, D[D1. D2, D3, D4, D5, D6], E[E1, E2], F). Seventy five percentages of Division Ⅰ belonged to the infection group. Seventy eight percentages Division Ⅱ of belonged to the carrier group. One hundred percentages of Division Ⅲ belonged to the infection group. The study on the correlation between genotype and serotype among the isolates showed that serotype Ⅲ was predominant in A1 group (5 of 5 isolates), D1 group (4 of 5 isolates), and F group (2 of 2 isolates). In addition, serotype Ⅴ was the sole serotype in C and D5 group. Those results indicated that serotyping and PFGE group analysis were highly correlated.

CPLD를 이용한 SDRAM Controller의 설계

이영희,오경욱,김용국 단국대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.34 No.-

The Dynamic RAM, which is conventionally used for the main memory of micro-processor system applied in computers, is superior for its integration but slower in its speed than the Static RAM. In this research we designed and synthesized a Synchronous DRAM Controller with VHDL to improve the defect of the conventional system. When target device was ALTERA CPLD MAX7128, 122 logic cells were used. The result of the simulation at 66㎒ clock operation, the clock-to-output time t_co was 9.5ns and the SDRAM Controler was in good working order. Therefore, it can be used for building block of the SOC's memory interface logic.

日本 高齡者의 雇用實態와 政策의 재검토

李經國 明知大學校 附設 日本問題硏究所 2001 日本硏究 Vol.9 No.-

골수구성 백혈병 환자에게 발생한 결핵성 림프절염

이창섭,송진수,최평균,조재현,방지환,박경화,박완범,김홍빈,김남중,윤성수,박선양,김병국,오명돈,최강원 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.5

혈액질환 가운데 결핵 발생이 증가한다고 알려진 것은 호지킨 림프종을 포함한 림프증식성질환 그리고 모양세포성 백혈병 등이 있다. 또한 동종 골수이식을 받은 환자에서도 결핵은 증가한다고 알려져있다. Kaplan 등은 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 결핵 발생이 증가한다고 보고하였다. 그러나 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 결핵의 발생이 증가하는 이유에 대해서는 아직까지 정확하게 밝혀지지 않았다. 저자들이 2년 동안 후향적으로 조사한 180명의 성인 골수구성 백혈병 환자들 가운데 결핵이 발생한 환자는 4명이었고, 발생 부위는 모두 림프절이었다. 결핵은 골수구성 백혈병의 특정 아형에만 국한되어 발생하지 않았지만, 50%에서 FAB 분류에 의한 M4였다. 림프절이 종대된 골수구성 백혈병 환자에서 특히, 결핵의 유병율이 높은 나라에서는 결핵성 림프절염도 감별진단에 포함시켜야 한다. During the neutropenic phase, leukemia patients receiving chemotherapy are prone to bacterial and, fungal infections; occasionally mycobacterial, viral and protozoal organisms may also cause infections. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was reported very rarely in these patients. This report describes four patients with M. tuberculosis infection identified from 185 adult patients who were diagnosed myelogenous leukemia between January 2003, and December 2004. There was no patient with M. tuberculosis infection from 44 lymphoid leukemia and 11 acute biphenotypic leukemia patients. Sites of infection were all lymph nodes. Three among four patients were presented with lymphadenopathy at initial diagnosis of leukemia, and the other one presented with lymphadenopathy after induction chemotherapy. There was no patient presented with lymphadenopathy during the neutropenic phase. Tuberculous lymphadenitis was presented in a patient with three acute myelogenous leukemia (FAB class 2 M4, 1 M2) and a chronic myelogenous leukemia, accelerated phase. An acute myelogenous leukemia patient had a leukemic cell and tubercle bacilli in the same lymph node. Tuberculosis should also be included as a differential diagnosis in myelogenous leukemia patient with lymphadenopathy, especially in the countries in which the disease is endemic.

용인대학교 재학생의 인성검사 분석

장국진,이인경 용인대학교 학생생활연구소 1995 학생생활연구 Vol.2 No.-

The purpose of the study was to analysis and understand the students’personality traits and to guide the students’adjustment to university and society in harmony using Personality Trait Test (Hwang, 1993). The results were followings. First, for male students five traits except reflection and achievement were quite similar showed higher than those of norms. Second, each college revealed the unique profile. Third, distribution of percentile score was examined. 2.2% of male students and 3.09% of female students scored 95 percentile in clinical scale. Forth, significant differences among departments in colleges were not revealed in general. Fifth, for male students, significant differences in the following traits were shown among colleges; activity, stability, sociability, psychosis, and antisocial behavior were revealed among colleges. Implication and suggestions for further study were discussed based on results.

Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate법에 의한 원유와 살균유의 세균수 측정

姜國熙,王智怨,朴興洙,李圭鍾,金敬民 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1993 論文集 Vol.44 No.2

LAL method for the determination of Gram-negative bacterial Lipopolysaccharides(LPS) in milk is proposed and its value for bacteriological quality control is investigated. The relationship between the LPS contents and total colony count(cfu/ml), which covers the Gram-negative bacteria, was determined in raw milk samples. The coefficient of correlation between Gram-negative bacterial counts(cfu/ml) and LPS contents was r^2 =0.969. And, the correlation coefficient between total bacterial counts(cfu/ml) and LPS contents was r^2 =0. 914. It was also investigated how much the LPS contents were in UHT milks from l0 different dairy industrial companies in Korea. It varied from 92 ng LPS/ml to 938 ng LPS /ml.

Mg₂SiO₄: Tb, Nd, Dy 열형광선량계에서 활성제 농도가 Glow Curve에 미치는 영향

노경석,채근식,오재근,김영국,이은숙,설정식,손인호 慶南大學校 附設 基礎科學硏究所 1996 硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.-

The Mg₂SiO₄: Tb, Nd, Dy thermoluminescent phospher has been prepared by sintering Mg₂SiO₄after doping the transition elements Tb, Nd and Dy. The heating rate is 10℃/sec at this thermoluminescent phospher are heated. From the results of this study, the following conclusions were obtained. The maximum peaks are found in the measured Mg₂SiO₄: Tb, Nd, Dy, and TL glow curve at 289℃, 252℃ and 220℃ when the 1wt.% ∼ 5wt.%. Glow curve of TLD increased TL intensity and temperature of peak appears to the high temperature when the heating rate is 10℃/sec∼25℃/sec. The activation energy of the main peak has been estimated by the peak shape method. The estimated activation energies are 1.26 eV, 0.53 eV and 0.80 eV respectively. The thermoluminiscence process in Mg₂SiO₄: Tb, Nd, Dy are found to the 2nd order when the main peak of the glow curve is analyzed by peak shape method. The Mg₂SiO₄: Tb thermoluminescent phosphor is the most sensitive to X-rays among the other materials. The dose responses of Mg₂SiO₄: Tb, Dy TLD are linear up to intensity of X-ray.

性別 및 年齡에 따른 體格과 體力의 特性과 變化에 關한 縱斷的 硏究 Ⅰ : 體育專攻 大學生을 中心으로 Emphasised on College Men of Physical Education

金尙國,姜東洹,金昇一,徐再均,金耕知,孫斗玉,鮮于攝,崔榮烈,尹宇相,金亨燉,方永鎭,李錫元 慶熙大學校 體育科學大學 1988 體育科學論叢 Vol.- No.1

The purpose of this study was to compare the characterists and change in physique and physical function by college student of physical education major(287males and 40 females of age groups ranging from 18 to 26). The results were as following; 1) The characteristics of physique and physical function by sex and age. ① The male group of 18yrs old showed higher values in Height, Weight, Upper Limb Length, Strength, Flexibility, and Vital Capacity than any other groups, but female group showed lower values in Height, Weight, Chest Girth, Lower Limb Length, Thigh, Girth, Calf Girth and all of the Physical function. ② The male group of 19yrs old showed high values in power and Agility, then female group showed in Strength and Flexibility. ③ The male group of 20yrs old showed the lower values in Weight, Waist Girth, Upper Limb Length, Fore Arm Girth, Thigh Girh.Calf Girth, Vital Capacity, and female group are very lowed in Upper Arm Lenght, Fore Arm Length, Skin Fold Thickness and 5 minute Run. ④ The male group of 23yrs old showed the high values in Upper Arm Girth, Fore Arm Girth and Balance, and then female group higher in Weight, Chest Girth, Waist Girth, Upper Arm Girth, Fore Arm Girth, Thigh Girth, Power, Shuttle Run, Balance and vital capacity than any other age Groups. ⑤ In male group, Chest Girth, and Blood Pressure were significantly related, and Side Step and Trunk Extension were nagatively related to the age at 0.1% level, and then in female group, Sargent Jump, Standing Long Jump and Vital Capacity were showed a significantly related at 0.5% level. 2) The difference of physique and physical function between male and female by age. ① Everage difference in whole physique items except skinfold thickness was 9.8%, and that 21.1% in all of physical function except Trunk Flextion between male and female group subjects. ② About the ages, the 18yrs old male group showed the 22.8% higher values of 26 items, but 22yrs old male group were about 12.2% in 23 items, thus it is very lower than any other groups. 3) The difference of physique and physical function between General group and physical education group in age-matched. ① In the physique male physical education groups showed about 7% higher in Weight, Chest Girth, Upper Limb Length, Upper Arm Girth, Thigh Girth, and female group showed about 7% higher in Weight and Upper Limb Length. ② In the physical function, Trunk Flextion, 5 minute Run, and Blood Pressure(Diastolic) were about 8% high values in whole group, and female group showed about 8% higher in Standing Long Jump, Shuttle Run, and Trunk Extension. ③ In 22yrs old male and female physical education group were very dominated in physique and physical function than the other age group against the general group.