소아의 구강내에서 검출된 Streptococcus viridans에 대한 항균제 감수성 연구

신상훈,송정호 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2000 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.22 No.3

A large number of streptococci that do not fit readily into any of the established classification schemes have been relegated to a large heterogeneous group called the Streptococcus viridans, which are members of the normal flora of the mucous membranes of the body, including the oral cavity, the nasopharynx, and genitourinary tract. This group includes S. mitis, S. oralis, S. sanguis, S. salivarius, S. milleri, etc. Surveying on the literature, it has been reported that infective endocarditis, meningitis, rhabdomyolysis, cholangitis, appendicitis caused by Streptococcus viridans, which were the most important pathogen in children with malignant hematologic disease. Various antibiotics has been chosen for treatment or prophylaxis for these infections, but were generally lower antimicrobial susceptibilities because of an abuse of antibiotics and advent of resistant group. Therefore, surveillant culture must be performed to evaluate personal antimicrobial susceptibilities of intraoral microbes for proper antimicrobial choice for dental procedures . This study examined sampling from subgingival plaque of 60 chidren's microbes. The cultured bacterial isolates, Streptococcus viridans were examined 10 antimicrobial drugs with the Kirby-Bauer agar disk diffusion method. The used drugs were Penicillin, Ampicillin, Oxacillin, Cephalothin, Imipenem, Gentamicin, Erythromycin , Vancomycin , Ciprofloxacin , Clindamycin. The results were as follows : 1.Sampling Streptococcus viridans were S. mitis(65%), S. oralis(22%), S. sanguis(5%), S. intermedius(3%), S. salivarius(2%), S acidominimus(2%), Unidentified streptococcus(2%). 2.The antimicrobial susceptibility of total Streptococcus viridans : Oxacillin< Erythromycin< Pencillin=Ciprofloxacin< Cephalothin<Ampicillin< Clindamycin< Gentamicin< Imipenem =Vancomycin. 3.The antimicrobial susceptibility of S. mitis : Oxacillin=Erythromycin< Ciprofloxacin< Cephalothin<Penicillin = Ampicillin< Gentamicin< Clidamycin< Imipenem = Vancomycin. 4.The antimicrobial susceptibility of S. oralis : Oxacillin< Erythromycin< Penicillin=Ciprofloxacin=Clindamycin< Cephalothin = Gentamicin< Ampicillin< Imipenem =Vancomycin. 5.There was no significant difference in the antimicrobial susceptibility among each Streptococcus viridans group.

동시성 공유정신병 : 일란성 쌍생아 자매의 역할반전 Case Formulation of Role Reversal

신화식,유희정,김헌수,김현실,민병근 울산대학교 의과대학 1995 울산의대학술지 Vol.4 No.1

The twin sisters case of folie simultanee is reported here in this paper. A case of folie simultanee is described as two or more people becoming psychotic simultaneously and sharing the same delusion. The results of psychodynamic approach for this case are as follows. 1. There are a variety of conflicting hypotheses on the orgin of the disorder, ranging from the etiological explanation of organic factor to various psychodynamic approach. In this case, there is no evidence of hereditary factor on the laboratory findings and family history. Therefore the authors stressed that the psychodynamic formulation of the disorder is on the importance .of the etiological rol. It seem significant to describe that the etiology is multidimensional and includes factors such as character structure formation in processing of object relations, the emotional relationship between the partners, socio-environmental conditions and hereditary predisposition. 2. There are two issues in folie simultanee. The one is related to diagnosis. It is consider to distinguish the inductor from the recipient. The other is subject to treatment. It is important to determine whether separate the inductor and recipient by admitting the inductor for a psychiatric center or not. Furthermore, the inductor and recipient's weak ego state should be recognized in planning various psychiatric treatments. 3. It could be found in the role reversal phenomenon between the inductor and recipient during long-term course.

유지 투석중인 만성 신부전환자에서 허혈성 심질환의진단 지표로서의 심장트로닌-I의 유용성

신병철,강대웅,정지용,류봉관,서영욱,김정인,김범윤,김현리,정종훈 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2004 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.29 No.1

Background : Coronary disease is highly prevalent in patient with end stage renal disease (ESRD) and account for much of their observed morbidity and mortality. Troponin-I consistently maintains a high sensitivity and specificity and is most sensitive marker for ischemic heart disease (IHD). Method : We examed 49 hernodialyzed patients (22 male, 27 female) without evidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) for 6 months. Biochemical markers were measured in serial predialysis blood samples. For analysis, we used two cardio-specific assays for troponin-T (cTnT) as well as for troponin-I (cTnI) and compared the results with CK-MB (reference value ≤ 4.0 ng/mL) concentration. Results : Myocardial ischemia was observed in 47% (23/49) of patients. cTnT level above 0.1 ng/mL. and cTnI level above 0.5 ng/mL, were observed in 22% (11/49) and 20% (10/49) of patients respectively. cTnI revealed significantly higher positive rate in patients with myocardial ischemia than the patients without myocardial ischemia (43 % vs 30%) (p<0.05). cTnT and CK-MB revealed no difference in positive rate between the patients with and without myocardial ischemia (cTnT : 30% vs 15% and CK-MB : 30% vs 19%). The sensitivity and specificity of cTnI to myocardial ischemia were higher than those of cTnT and CK-MB (sensitivity 43% vs 30% and 30%. specificity 100% vs 85% and 81%). Conclusion: Both cTnT and cTnI are useful in ruling out myocardial injury in chronic renal failure patients. But. cTnI is a more sensitivity and excellent specificity of ischemic heart disease than cTnT and CK-MB in hemodialyzed patients. In patients with ischemic heart disease, the presences of DM and advanced age were higher than those in patients without ischemic heart disease (p<0.05). Among the baseline characteristics old age, elevated LDH and diabeties were significant more frequent in the patients with elevation of cardiac troponin-I (p>0.5 ng/mL) than those with cardiac troponin-I (p<0.5 ng/mL), p=0.038, p=0.049, and p=0.045, respectively. Our results suggest that these cTnI is the potential diagnostic marker for the prediction of IHD in ESRD patients.

Synthesis and Characterization of Pr(Ⅲ)-,Sm(Ⅲ)-,Gd(Ⅲ)-,Dy(Ⅲ)-[18]HAM Complexes

정덕상,박신복,한충훈,변종철 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1998 基礎科學硏究 Vol.11 No.1

Lanthanide(III) and mercury(II) complexes of the 18-membered hexaaza Schiff base macrocycle 2,11,17,26,31,32-hexaazapentacyclo[26,2.1.1??,O??,O??] dotriaconta-1(31), 2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16(32) ,17,19,21,23,25,27,29-hexadecane([18]HAM) ahve been synthesized by the metal template condensationof phthalic dicarboxaldehyde and 2,6-diaminopyridine. Discrete mononuclear complexes [Pr([18]HAM)(NO₃)(OH)]NO₃·2H₂O,[Sm([18]HAM)(NO₃)(H₂O)(OH)]NO₃·2H₂O, [Gd([18]HAM)(NO₃)(H₂O)(OH)]NO₃·3H₂O, [Dy([18])HAM)(NO₃)₂(H₂O)₂]NO₃·2H₂O, and [Hg([18])HAM)(H₂O)₂(ClO₄)]ClO₄· ?H₂O, have been synthesized by using the respective hydrated lanthanide(Ⅲ) nitrate and mercury(Ⅱ) perchlorate as the template. The lanthanide(Ⅲ)-marcrocyclic complexes (lanthanide(Ⅲ)-[18]HAM) was decomposed by c-HClO? forming [18] HAM and liberating the lanthanide(Ⅲ) ion. Co(Ⅱ)- Ni(Ⅱ)-Cu(Ⅱ)-complexes of acyclic, potentially tridentate compartmental Schiff bases ([9]acy) complexes containing d-metal ion Co(Ⅱ), Ni(Ⅱ), and Cu(Ⅱ) ion have been prepared by using metal template condensation of phthalic dicarboxaldehytde and 2,6-diaminopyridine. The complexes and macrocycle were characterized by elemental analysis, fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, and molar conductivity. The template potential of the lanthanide(Ⅲ) cations of various sites in the assembly of [18]HAM is due to the flexibility of the macrocycle to adapt to the geometrical requirements of the metal ions and to the steric demands of the exocyclic ligands

가새의 위치를 고려한 튜브 구조물의 횡적거동에 관한 연구

신수미,이정훈,박성수 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2002 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.61 No.-

본 연구는 수평하중 하에서의 가새 튜브 구조 시스템의 거동을 분석하기 위하여 기본 골조 튜브 모델에 위치가 다른 가새를 추가한 가새 튜브 모델에 대한 해석을 수행하였다. 구조해석은 3차원 탄성해석 프로그램인 MIDAS GENw를 사용하여 수행하였으며, 구조 해석을 수행한 후, 각각의 거동 특성을 비교 분석하여 가새의 특성에 따른 횡변위 감소 효과 및 전단지연 현상의 완화를 고찰하고자 한다. The braced tube structure is a solution to increasing the efficiency of the framed tube structure, which is to add the substantial diagonal bracing to the faces of the tube. Due to additional braces, the flexural rigidity of structure is increased and the shear lag effect is decreased. Therefore the structure behaves like a cantilever tube. To analyze the behavior of the braced tube structure under the lateral load, the braced tube model, which adds diagonal members of the various characteristics - location, shape, stiffness - to the framed tube model, is used.

나노파이버 기반의 의료용 지지체 제작 기술 및 응용

신호준,이창훈,조인희,김인애,이용재,박기동,신정욱 한국공작기계학회 2004 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

Utilizing the electrospinning technique nanofiber-based biodegradable scaffolds made of PLGA was suggested. Under various conditions, their diameters and porosity as well as mechanical strength were evaluated. In addition to those, cell(chondrocyte) proliferation and formation of extracelluar matrices were also investigated along with the conventional membrane type PLGA scaffolds for the potential use in tissue engineering. As conclusions, this type of scaffold showed a potential of application to tissue engineering in view of mechanical stability as well as cellular responses.

美國의 邊境精神과 韓國의 새마을運動精神과의 比較硏究

郭東憲,李瑛雨,李廷彬,申址湜 경북대학교 1988 새마을 硏究論叢 Vol.9 No.-

8-Azaxanthine과 그 유도체의 합성 및 시험관내 항암 활성

李奉憲,辛貞姬,張太植,朴章洙,姜信源 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 1997 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.13 No.-

8-Azaxanthine(1), 3-β-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine(2),3-β-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine-5'-monophosphate(3), 그리고 3-β-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine-5'-(3-pyridinylcarbonyl)monophosphate(4)를 합성한 후 Mouse leukemia P388,Murine mammary carcinoma FM3A, Human histiocytic lymphoma U937암세포들에 대해 시험관내 항암활성을 MTT를 이용한 방법으로 예측하고 IC_50(μmol/mL)으로 나타내었다. 그 결과, 비정상적인 염기의 N-3와 당의 C-1'glycoside결합을 가진 2는 세가지의 암세포에 대해 감수성이 좋아 IC_50이 각각 0.05, 0.06,0.06μmol/mL이었으나 항세균 활성 예측에서는 감수성을 보이지 않았다. Human histiocytic lymphoma U937세포에 대한 IC_50은 1이 0.33,2는 0.06,3은0.25그리고 4는 0.33μmol/mL로 구조 변화에 따라 서로 다른 값을 보였다. 8-Azaxanthine(1), 3-β-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine(2),3-β-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine-5'-monophosphate(3), 3-β-D-ribofuranosyl-8-azaxanthine-5'-(3-pyridinylcarbonyl)monophosphate(4) were synthesized. The in vitro antitumor activities of the synthesized compounds against P388 mouse leukemia,FM3A mammary carcinoma, and U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cells were determined by MTT assay. 2 with unnatural N-3 and C-1'glycoside bond had activityagnist three tumor cell lines and IC_50s of these compounds were 0.05,0.06μmol/mL against three tumor cell lines, repectively. But these compounds had no antibacterial activity. IC_50s aganist U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cells were verfied with the structural modification:IC_50s of 1,2,3, and 4 were 0.33,0.06,0.25, and 0.33μmol/mL, respectively.

백서 하악골에서 신연빈도에 따른 골형성 비교 연구

송정호,신상훈,김종렬 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical, radiographic, histologic and molecular changes in distraction osteogenesis according to different distraction rhythm in the rat's mandible. Forty-five adult male rats underwent open osteotomy between the second and third molars and external unilateral distraction device was applied. Latency was allowed for 5 days before distraction began. The distraction device was activated with same rate of 0.5㎜ per day and varying distraction rhythms of once daily, twice daily, four times daily until 3㎜ length gain was achieved. Tissues were harvested after 4 days, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks after distraction for Western blot analysis, RT-PCR analysis and harvested 3 weeks, 6 weeks after distraction for clinical, radiographic, and histologic studies. Three animals were killed at each time point. The results obtained from this study were as follows: No significant difference was found on clinical examination according to distraction rhythms, and increasing the frequency of distradction was shown to improve regenerate bone formation on radiographic and histologic examination, and TGF-β1 expression increased when small, more frequent distractions were performed. From these results, it could be stated that more frequent distraction is shown to significantly improve and accelerate bone formation and has considerable effects on TGF-β1 expression.

NGO의 내부의사결정구조에 관한 연구 : 참여연대를 중심으로 The Case of PSPD

김준기,신정헌 서울대학교 행정대학원 2003 行政論叢 Vol.41 No.4

본 연구는 한국의 NGO들이 갖고 있는 내부의 '민주성'과 '대표성', '책임성', '분권화'에 대한 문제들을 국내의 대표적인 시민단체라 할 수 있는 참여연대를 중심으로 살펴보았다. 참여연대와 같은 시민단체는 대상 집단과 일반대중에게 '정통성을 보유한 대변자(legitimate voice)'라는 신뢰를 주고 사업 및 프로그램을 포함한 NGO 내·외부적 책임성을 확보하는 것이 중요하다. 연구 결과 첫째, 민주적인 절차를 통한 대표선출에 있어 정관상의 규정이 미흡한 점을 발견하였고, 총회가 형식적인 통과의례의 기능밖에 수행하지 못하고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 회원 참여의 현실적인 제약을 감안하더라도, NGO는 사이버공간을 통한 정책네트워크 구축 및 사이버총회 개최 등의 가시적인 노력을 경주해야 한다. 둘째, 의사결정과정상에 현재의 <총회-공동대표-운영위원회-집행위원회-상임집행위원회-사무처>의 구조는 의사결정의 관료화 및 심각한 복대리인의 문제와 이에 따른 책임성의 문제를 발생시키고 있다. 따라서 시민단체는 내부지배구조를 <총회-이사회-집행부>로 단순화하여 정책 또는 사업의 책임소재를 확보할 수 있어야 한다. 셋째, 참여연대 내부에는 많은 준독립적인 분야별 '정책'기구들을 활동하고 있으나 어떠한 시너지효과가 발생하고 있으며, 더욱 중요하게는 참여연대의 활동과 미션과 어떠한 연관관계가 있는지 불분명하다. 따라서 참여연대는 개별기구의 활동영역과 조직의 핵심역량을 고려하여 재정독립이 확보되는데로 분사화를 고려할 수 있다. NGO에 대한 시민들의 신뢰는 내부적 거버넌스 차원에서 책임성과 의사결정의 민주성과 대표성을 확보할 수 있는 제도를 담보하지 않는 한 지속될 수 없다. 따라서 NGO 내부의 의사결정은 더욱 민주적이어야 하며, 회원들이 의사결정과정의 참여를 통한 대표성을 확보한 의사결정기구가 갖춰져야 한다. 또한 내부적으로 집행부와 '이사회(운영위원회)'간의 결제와 균형이 이루어질 수 있어야 하며, 외부적으로 정책과 사업에 대한 책임성을 확보할 수 있는 지배구조를 확보해야 한다. As non-governmental organizations(NGOs) are increasingly gaining prominence and are seen as 'real' alternatives to government agencies and corporations in solving vairous public issues, there is a growing need to establish criterion for securing some degree of accountability within NGOs. This paper considers, through examining the current literature on accountability of NGOs and the case study on PSPD(People's Solidarity for Participatory Democracy), ways in which policy-oriented advocacy civic movement organizations can balance between the public's need for accountability and the non-governmental sector's desire for autonomy. It has been argued that based on a number of shortfalls in terms of the PSPD needs to adopt more 'proactive' accountability systems to implement ever growing number of programs. We also propose that the organization needs to develop more structured accountability systems to deal with a wide variety of stakeholders, ranging primarily from donors, staffs, beneficiaries and partners. This may necessitate reorganizing its accountability system as well as its governance structure.