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Effect of Masticatory Movement Using Gum on Walking and Cycling: A Randomized Crossover Design
( Byung-Gul Lim ),( Hyunji Kim ),( Jun-Hyun Bae ),( Ji-won Seo ),( Seong-eun Kwak ),( Chae-Young Shin ),( Jooeun Ahn ),( Wook Song ) 한국운동생리학회 2021 운동과학 Vol.30 No.3
PURPOSE: Gum chewing stimulates the sympathetic nervous system and increases energy consumption. However, the effect of mastication on physical activity remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of gum masticatory movement on physiological markers related to walking and muscle activation during cycling in different patient groups. METHODS: Using a randomized crossover design, 25 participants participated in walking trials with a 1-week washout; the trials included chewing gum (GUM), taking a candy with the same ingredients as the gum (CAN), and no ingestion (CON). Energy expenditure (EE), metabolic equivalent (MET), oxygen consumption (VO<sub>2</sub>), and heart rate were measured using a portable metabolic device. The walking distance was also calculated. In the cycling experiment, the other 19 participants randomly completed 7 minutes of the three trials (GUM, CAN, CON) with a 15-minute break. The mean cycling period (MCP), cycle number (CN), coefficient of variation of the cycling period (CV), and integrated electromyography (iEMG) results were measured using the Delsys Trigno™ Wireless EMG System. RESULTS: The walking distance was significantly higher in the GUM group than in the CAN and CON groups by an average of 78 m (7.4%, p<.05). Comparing the GUM and CON groups, EE, METs, and VO<sub>2</sub> demonstrated a partially significant increase after 15 minutes. In the cycling experiment, there were no significant differences in the effects of the trials on cycling performance (MCP, CN, CV). However, significant differences were observed in the GUM group for the iEMG results. CONCLUSIONS: Our study results suggest that gum chewing improves physical performance, such as walking distance, and improves energy metabolism, such as EE and METs. Additionally, it can influence the improvement in the lower limb muscle activity during cycling.
Subcutaneous Emphysema and Inflammation of the Neck after Tracheal Puncture by an Intubating Stylet
Jung, Gul,Byun, Woo Mok,Lim, Hyung Jun,Kim, Jong Gyun,Kwak, Dong Min,Lee, Deok Hee,Kim, Sae Yeon,Song, Sun Ok,Seo, Il Sook,Jee, Dae Lim,Kim, Heung Dae,Park, Dae Pal 영남대학교 의과대학 2007 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.24 No.2
한 41세 남자 환자가 충수돌기염 절제술을 받기 위하여 전신마취를 받았다. 삽관을 위해 후두경으로 보자, 난해한 기도삽관이 예상되어 유도자를 사용하였다. 기도삽관 중 돌출된 유도자가 기도를 손상시켰으며, 이에 의해 목에서부터 상부종격동까지의 피하기종과 목의 염증성 종창이 생겼다. 환자는 호흡곤란과 관련된 증상을 보이지 않아 호흡기의 손상을 의심하기 어려웠고, 주 증상이었던 염증성 종창에 초점을 두게 되어 진단에 차질을 빚었으나, 환자는 대증치료로 회복하였다. 유도자를 사용하여 기관내 삽관을 하는 경우 유도자의 위치를 재점검하여 유도자에 의한 기도 손상을 유발하지 않도록 유념해야 할 것이다. Laryngo-tracheal perforation caused by the use of a stylet during tracheal intubation is a rare complication. We present a case of subcutaneous emphysema and connective tissue inflammation after tracheal intubation. The patient was a 41-year-o1d male undergoing general anesthesia for an appendectomy. The intubation was difficult during laryngoscopy (Cormack- Lehane Grade III). An assistant provided an endotracheal tube with a stylet inside while the laryngoscope was in place. During intubation, a short, dull sound was heard with a sudden loss of resistance after the distal tip of the endotracheal tube passed the rima glottis. A sonogram and computerized tomography revealed subcutaneous emphysema from the neck to the upper mediastinum and fluid collection between the trachea and the thyroid. This lesion apueared to have been caused by the protruded, loose stylet. Anesthesiologists should be aware of the damage a loose stylet protruding beyond the tip of the endotracheal tube can cause.
Articles : Low Temperature Oxidation of CO over Supported PdCl2-CuCl2 Catalysts
( Dong Jun Koh ),( Jae Hwal Song ),( Sung Won Ham ),( In Sik Nam ),( Rae Woong Chang ),( Eun Duck Park ),( Jae Sung Lee ),( Young Gul Kim ) 한국화학공학회 1997 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.14 No.6
PdCl₂-CuCl₂catalyst supported on activated carbon was examined for the low temperature oxidation of CO. The catalyst developed in the present study was active and stable at ambient conditions if water were existing in the feed gas stream. The addition of Cu(NO₃)₂into the PdCl₂-CuCl₂catalyst significantly enhanced the CO oxidation activity. X-ray diffraction study revealed that the role of Cu(NO₃)₂was to stabilize active Cu(Ⅱ) species, Cu₂Cl(OH)₃, on the catalyst surface which maintains the redox property of palladium. When HCl and SO₂were also existing in the feed, they easily inactivated the catalyst. It was found that HCl and SO₂inhibited the formation of active Cu(Ⅱ) species on the catalyst surface.
Tamoxifen과 celecoxib가 시험관내 SK-OV-3 난소암세포주에 미치는 영향
안윤걸 ( Yun Gul Ahn ),김성수 ( Sung Soo Kim ),전완주 ( Wan Joo Chun ),정일영 ( Il Young Cheong ),송영준 ( Young Jun Song ),소은정 ( Eun Jung Soh ),황종윤 ( Jong Yun Hwang ),조준식 ( Jun Sik Cho ),이동헌 ( Dong Heon Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2005 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.48 No.8
SK-OV-3 상피성 난소암세포주에서 선택적 COX-2 억제제인 celecoxib가 paclitaxel에 의한 세포자멸사에 미치는 영향
안윤걸 ( Yun Gul Ahn ),김성수 ( Sung Soo Kim ),전완주 ( Wan Joo Chun ),황병철 ( Byung Cheul Hwang ),송영준 ( Young Jun Song ),소은정 ( Eun Jung Soh ),황종윤 ( Jong Yun Hwang ),조준식 ( Jun Sik Cho ),이동헌 ( Dong Heon Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2005 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.48 No.7