피혁슬러지 고형화시 시멘트 혼화제의 영향

주소영,박상찬,전태성,손종렬,김태영 대한위생학회 2003 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.18 No.4

The cement-based system among S/S(Solidification/Stabilization) is widely used to treat hazardous wastes. In this study, tannery sludge was solidified to evaluate the stabilization effects of using admixtures in the cement-based S/S. Fly ash as substitute also used to increase the strength of the S/S of hazardous waste. The compressive strength measurement and leaching experiment of chromium metal of solidified mortar were carried out to compare and evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of solidified hazardous waste sludge. From the result of this study, there was increased of compressive strength by using AEW-3(early-hardening AE water reducing agent), and leaching concentration of chromium became low enough to satisfy the regulatory criteria. The successful solidification for the organic contaminant and heavy metal in hazardous waste should enable to treat by cement-based system using early-hardening AE water reducing admixture and fly ash as substituted cement.

좌새골하정맥을 통하여 중심정맥도관 삽입 3 일 후에 발생한 상대정맥천공과 우흉수 : 증례 보고 A case report

조형찬,손주태,최준영,신일우,이헌근,정영균 대한마취과학회 2002 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.43 No.4

A 67-year-old male patient had coronary artery bypass graft. Before the induction of general anesthesia, 16 gauge central venous catheter was inserted via left subclavian vein. Initial chest anteroposterior (AP) radiograph showed adequate position, and the central venous pressure measurement through it was satisfactory. This patient's progress was satisfactory, and he was extubated on the second postoperative day. Daily chest AP radiograph had been unremarkable until the third postoperative day, when a right-sided pleural effusion was seen. A day later, the patient complained severe chest pain and dyspnea. We suspected perforation of superior vena cava wall by tip of central venous catheter on the chest computerized tomograph (CT). The injection of radiopaque dye through the central venous catheter confirmed spillage into the mediastinum on the chest CT. Right chest tube was inserted. The patient's condition dramatically improved after chest tube insertion. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2002; 43: 525~530)

뇌종양 환자의 제왕절개술을 위한 전신마취 : 증례 보고 A case report

이헌근,전세현,손주태,신일우,정영균 대한마취과학회 2002 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.43 No.4

A 28-year-old primigravida at 33 weeks gestation was referred to our hospital because of aggravation of seizures which occurred intermittently for the past 2 years. A brain magnetic resonance imaging scan taken at 33 weeks gestation showed a large brain tumor (7 × 5 × 4 cm) in the left high frontal lobe. She had a cesarean section under general anesthesia at 38 weeks and 1 day gestation. General anesthesia was induced with thiopental 250 mg, succinyleholine 75 mg and lidocaine 60 mg after a vecuronium 0.8 mg intravenous injection. The hyperventilation and mannitol used to reduce increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in this patient may be harmful and detrimental to the fetus before delivery. Achieving both ICP control and fetal well being at the same time during a cesarean section can be challenging to anesthesiologists. We report the anesthetic management of a cesarean section in a patient with a large brain tumor. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2002; 43: 515~519)

기혼 중년남성의 직무 및 가족 스트레스와 자살구상

강모성,전영주,손태홍 한국가족관계학회 2008 한국가족관계학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Recently, there has been tremendous increase of suicide among the middle-aged men in Korea. The purpose of this study is to examine the status of job stress, family stress and suicidal ideation perceived by middle-aged married men as well as to investigate the relationships between these variables. For this study, 233 men aged 40~59, who reside at Busan and work at diverse industries, were selected. They filled out self-administrated questionnaires. The major findings of this study suggest several implications associated with suicidal ideation. First, higher position in socioeconomic status indexed by education, income, and job contributed to reduce suicidal ideation among the middle-aged married men. Especially education had consistently suppressed pressure of suicidal ideation. This result implies that education is able to promote cognitive flexibility to diffuse suicidal ideation. Second, family stress played a key role to increase suicidal ideation. Family stress originated from unstable adjustment to job identity and consistent conjugal conflicts were the most strongly associated with suicidal ideation among the middle-aged men. This finding suggests that differential levels of suicidal ideation tend to be determined by stable self-identity based on solid integration into job and family structure rather than inherent temperament and vulnerability to distress. Meanwhile, work-related stress was not a significant determinant in suicidal ideation. This result indicates that, for the middle-aged men, job-related stressors are not perceived as distress, but a possible challenge to maintain their self-esteem. Overall findings lend support to Durkheim's status integration hypothesis. Some implications associated with this hypothesis are discussed. To help reducing suicidal ideation among the middle-age married men, family counseling and family education programs ought to be implemented. Our study suggests that underlying theme of these programs put emphasis on sharing family support responsibility, diversifying lifestyles to participate all family members, and creating a family-friendly job environment.

산국의 수량과 유효성분에 대한 NPK의 효과

이경동,양민석,정연규,손보균,조주식,이성태,김필주 한국농화학회 2003 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.46 No.2

본 연구는 3요소(N-PO_2O_5-K_2O)처리가 산국(Chysanthemum boreale M.)의 수량과 유효성분에 미치는 효과를 조사하여 효과적인 재배시스템을 개발하고자하였다. 처리구는 무처리, NPK(250-160-160), NK(250-0-160), PK(0-160-160kg/ha)의 5처리로 설정하여 산국을 재배한 결과, 건물수량은 NPK처리구가 PK처리구에 비하여 4.0배의 증수가 있었으며, 다른 처리구보다 무기이온의 흡수율, 생육 및 수량에서 NPK처리구가 가장 우수하였다. 식용으로 많이 쓰이는 꽃의 주요 아미노산은 proline, glutamic acid과 aspartic acid이였고, 다른 처리구들에 비하여 NPK처리구가 높은 함량을 보였다. 혈압강하효과가 우수한 cumambrin A는 PK처리구에 비하여 NPK처리구가 6.2배의 증수효과가 있었다. NK처리구는 NP처리구보다 cumambrin A의함량을 높이기 위해서는 인산의 시용보다 칼리의 시용이 더 요구되며, 야외포장에서의 인산과 칼리의 적정 시비량의 설정이 필요하다고 판단된다. To establish the fertilization condition to increase the productivity of Chrysanthemum boreale M. with high quality, the effects of three nutrients (N, P, K) on the yields and the effective components were investigated in the pot scale. NPK was applied by chemical fertilizers with N-P_2O_5-K_2O = 250-160-160 kg/ha as a main treatment, and NP (N-P_2O_5 = 250-160 kg/ha), NK (N-KO = 250-160 kg/ha), and PK (PO_2-KO_5 = 160-160 kg/ha) treatments were settled as comparison. Dry yields of C. boreale M. was increased significantly to 4 fold higher by nitrogen. Nitrogen increased apparently plant growth and inorganic nutrient uptake. In the flower, which is most useful and edible part as a herbal medicine, main amino acids were glutamic acid and aspartic acids, and the total content was increased significantly by three elements of application. In addition, the content of cumambrin A, which is known to have the effect of blood-pressure reduction, was increased source to 6.2 times by nitrogen higher than that in PK treatment. Potassium was more effective in biosyndiesis of cumatnbrin A than phosphorus, but the biological pathway was not clear, still.

Effect of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure on Intraocular Pressure in the Critically Ill and Mechanically Ventilated Patients

Ju Tae Sohn,Heon Young Ahn,Ji Hong Bae,Heon Keun Lee,Sang Hwy Lee,Young Kyun Chung Korean Society of Critical Care Medicine 1997 Acute and Critical Care Vol.12 No.2

BACKGOUND: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of various levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on the intraocular pressure in the patients receiving positive pressure ventilation. METHODS: Twenty, critically ill sedated and hemodynamically stable patients without history of glaucoma were placed on controlled positive pressure ventilation. Measured variables included intraocular pressure (IOP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) and arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA), and were recorded at zero end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP), and at 5, 10, 15, 20 cmH2O PEEP, applied in random order. RESULTS: IOP increased significantly from 13+/-3 to 16+/-3 mmHg at 15 cmH2O PEEP and from 14+/-4 to 17+/-6 mmHg at 20 cmH2O PEEP. CVP increased significantly from its corresponding ZEEP measurements at all PEEP levels and from 14+/-4 cmH2O at 5 cmH2O PEEP to 21+/-4 cmH2O at 20 cmH2O PEEP. There was a positive correlation between PEEP levels and PIP or CVP but no relationship between PEEP levels and IOP was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The application of PEEP levels > or = 15 cmH2O resulted in a significant increase in the IOP of patients with normal basal ocular tonometry. This study suggests that further increase in IOP may occur in the mechanically ventilated patients with already increased IOP or normal-tension glaucoma, when higher levels of PEEP are used.

Atelectasis Due to Epistaxis Aspiration during Awake Fiberoptic Nasotracheal Intubation

Ju Tae Sohn,Sang Jung Lee,Kyung Il Hwang,Heon Keun Lee,Sang Hwy Lee,Young Kyun Chung Korean Society of Critical Care Medicine 1998 Acute and Critical Care Vol.13 No.1

Indication for fiberoptic intubation in an awake patient include almost any abnormality that may hinder the expeditious placement of an endotracheal tube during anesthetic induction. An epistaxis is the most frequent complication of nasotracheal intubation. The patient was admitted for open reduction and internal fixation due to severe mandible fracture. We experienced a case of atelectasis due to epistaxis aspiration during awake fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation in the conscious patient regionally anesthetized by both superior laryngeal nerve block and translaryngeal anesthesia, which is treated by saline irrigation, suction, active coughing and chest percussion.

혈관 평활근 Adenosine Triphosphate(ATP)-Sensitive Potassium Channel 과 마취제

손주태 대한마취과학회 2002 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.43 No.3

A Case Report : Anesthetic management for the endoscopic sinus surgery of a patient with coexisting severe cervical spine ankylosing spondylitis and unruptured cerebral aneurysm

Ju Young Choi,Ju Tae Sohn,Hui Jin Sung,Il Woo Shin,Seong Ho Ok,Heon Keun Lee,Young Kyun Chung 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.57 No.2

A 61-year-old man was admitted to the emergency room complaining of a severe left exophthalmos caused by frontal and ethmoid sinus mucoceles that were visualized on a brain computerized tomogram. In addition, he had coexisting ankylosing spondylitis with a 20 year duration that resulted in total fixation of the cervical spine and progressive thoracic kyphosis. An unruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm was found incidentally on the cerebral angiogram. We report that the anesthetic management for endoscopic sinus surgery of a frontal sinus mucocele in a patient with coexisting severe cervical spine ankylosing spondylitis and an unruptured cerebral aneurysm requires a detailed preoperative assessment of the airway, cardiac, pulmonary, and neurologic system. This case highlights the need for careful measures to avoid rupturing the cerebral aneurysm by the increased blood pressure induced by endotracheal intubation and the infiltration of an epinephrine-containing local anesthetic. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009;57:264∼7)

선천성 사지기형 발생 기전 연구(Ⅲ) : Hox유전자 발현에 관한 연구 Studies on the Expression of Hox gene

손경희,권오란,김순선,김소희,곽승준,김병호,최요우,김태성,김형식,신재호,문현주,김명희,한순영,하광원,박귀례 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-

Homeobox-containir을 (Hox) 운전자는 발생단케, 위치 및 조직 특이적인 발현에 따라 배자의 발생 과정동안 형태형성에 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 딘ok 유진자들(또oxa-1, Hoxa-2, Hoxb-6 Hoxa-7, Hoxc-8) 중 특히 Hoxa-7 유전자는 ectoderm에서 유래하는 neural tube 및 neoral crest ceIBs과 mesoderm에사 유래하는 prevertebratae에서 전 ·후축 형성 시에 발현하는 것으로 잘 알려진 유전자이다. 그러나 Hol(a-? 유전자가 배자의 사지 및 꼬리 발생에 직접적으로 관여하는지에 대해서는 아직까지 잘 알려지지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 최기형성 물질로 알려진 all-trans retinoic acid (RA)하 cyclophosphandde (CP)를 임신 9.5일의 마우스에 투여한 후 임신 10.5, 11.5, 12.5, 13.5 및 14.5꿀에 배자를 적출 f':4였을 때 나타나는 형태학적 이상과 Hoxa·-7 유전자 발현의 위치와의 상관성을 비교하기 위하여 whoBe mount in situ hybridization(WISH)을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 템oxa-7의 antisense RNA probe를 사용하였을 경우, 용매대조군과 비교하여 RA 투여 시 나타난 형태학적 이상인 꼬리단락의 위fl됐 「loxa-7이 강하게 발현되었고, CP 투여 시에는 용매대조군과 비교하여 배자꼭 크기가 현저히 적어서, 전체적인 발달이 저해된 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 발달이 저해된 foreBimb과 hindlimb의 위치에 Hoxa-7이 강하게 발현되었다 한편, antisense RNA probe의 음성대조군인 Hoxa-7의 sense RNA 1)robe로 WISH를 실시한 결과 antisense probe를 사용한 결과와는 달리 색깔 반응이 현저히 약하게 나타났다. 파라서 본 연구결과, 최기형성 물질에 노출시 나타나는 마우스 배자의 형태학적이상은 Hoxa-7 유전자의 발현 증가와 상관성이 있는 것으로 추정된다. Homeobox-containing (HOX) genes are known to be involved in pattem formation during development by being expressed in a stage-, position-, and tissue-specific manner, Aoong Hox genes (Hoxa-1, Hoxa-2, Hoxa7, Hoxb-6, Hoxc-8), Hoxa-? is one of the well 3tnown genes, whicll expressed In the ectoderm-defved neural tube and neural crest cells,and mesoderm-derived frevertebrae along the anterior-posterior axis. However, it is not clearwhether Hoxa-7 gene if; direcfBy involved in mouse embryonic timb and tail development.0order to establish the correlation between Hoxa-7 gene expression and the effect of teratagensduring mouse embryogenesis, we have analyfed Hoxa-7 gene expression in the developing limbbuds and tails of ICR mouse embryes (gestation day 10,5, 11,5, 12.5, 12.5, 14.5) after maternaladministration of teratogens, atl-trans retineic actd (RA) and cycBophosphahEde (CP), ungestation day 9.5 using whole mount in situ hybridization (WISH). We f4nd that RA causesshortening and crookedness of tail and CP causes develoPmental retardation of embryo,especia31y Ihfb buds. Rerutts from IfnSH show that expression of Hoxa-7 is increased in thetail of embryos which were treated with RA. Whereas Hoxa-7 gene expression is increased inthe limb buds of embryos, wich were treated with CP compared to vehicle control group.Taken together, these data suggest that the pattern of Hoxa-7 erpression correlates with theabnormality caused by ter;3togens during the mouse embryogenesis.