현역 군인 발생을 중심으로 본 2000년도 국내 삼일열 말라리아 발생 현황

박재원,김영아,염준섭,유정식,양병국,채종일 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.4

Background : Since 1997, the annual case occurrence of vivax malaria in the Republic of Korea have exceeded 1,000 cases since 1997. The military is thought to be an important source of the current outbreak. We collected various informations about malaria cases (soldiers, veterans and civilians) which occurred in 2000, and analyzed the characteristics of the current outbreak. Methods : Informations about malaria cases of soldiers, veterans and civilians, including name, age, sex, day of onset, region, etc., were collected through the National Institute of Health. Results : Out of total 4,141 cases, 1,288 (31.1%) occurred in the military, 1,273 (30.7%) occurred among the veterans, and 1,580 (38.2%) occurred among civilians. The monthly case occurrence reached its peak in early August. Areas such as Cheolwon, Yeoncheon and Paju showed the highest prevalence. Conclusion : It is considered that the current malaria outbreak has escaped from the exponential growth phase, however, more attention should be paid to prevent further spreading of malaria infection. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:280∼284, 2001)

혼합용매계에 있어서 전해질의 전도도에 관한 연구 (Ⅰ) : 메탄올-물 혼합용매에서의 염화칼륨의 전도도 The Conductance of Potassium Chloride in Methanol-Water Mixtures

박종열,엄태섭 東亞大學校 1974 東亞論叢 Vol.11 No.2

메탄올-물 혼합용매에서 염화칼륨(KCl)의 전도도를 25。와 30。C에서 측정하고 Fuoss-Onsager식을 적용하여 limiting equivalent conductance(??)와 conductance parameter ?? 및 ??를 구하였다. 즉 0.1에서 0.8몰분율에 이르는 7가지 조성의 혼합용매 및 단일 용매인 물과 메탄올에 대해서 각 용매마다 0.01∼0.10M 농도범위의 염화칼륨용액을 만들어 그 전도도를 측정하였다. 극한 당량전도도(??)는 Fuoss-Onsager식에 의거하여 一次的인 近似法으로서 농도(??) 변화에 대한 당량전도도 값을 plot하여 얻은 직선의 기울기에서 A??를 구하였다. 다음 이차적으로 극한당량전도도 값을 구하기 위하여 농도(c)변화에 대한 ?? 값의 plot에서 slope ??와 intercept 즉, 극한당량전도도(??) 값을 최소자승법으로 구하였다. 실험결과 극한당량전도도는 온도 상승에 따라 증가함을 보였으며 또한 혼합용매 조성에따른 ??의 변화는 0.4 몰분율에서 minimum을 나타내었다. 한편 conductance parameter ??는 0.3 몰분율에서 최소값, 1.0 몰분율에서 최대값을 보였고, ??는 매우 근소한 작은값으로 관측되었으나 어떠한 규칙성 있는 변화는 볼 수 없었다. The conductances of potassium chloride were measured at 25。C and 30。C in methanol-water mixtures. The limiting equivalent conductance(∧??) and conductance parameters ?? and ?? were obtained using the Fuoss - Onsager’s conductance equation in the following form; ?? A first approximation for the quivalent conductance at infinite dilution was obtained from a plot of ∧ against ??. The parameter ?? is thus calculated, and a better value for ?? was found through a plot of ?? against concentration, and then determined the slope ?? and intercept ?? with a least square fit. The limiting equivalent conductance and conductance parameter as a function of solvent composition and temperature are discussed in terms of the structural change of the solvent, and also the interactions between ion-solvent and solvent respectively. The experimental results indicate that the limiting equivalent conductance showed the minimum value at 0.4mole fraction of methanol, which was the good analogy with those results of the partial molal volume of which observed for the other electrolytes with respect to the solvent system as examined in this study. It has been concluded that this behavior seems presumably to be the results of having minimum structuredness and free volume of water attributable to the electrostriction effect of ions. The parameter ?? showed the minimum at 0.3 mole fraction, while the value of ?? was found very small with varing the solvent composition.

條件不利地域에 대한 農地保全政策의 妥當性 分析

朴鍾燮 충북대학교 엽연초연구소 1999 煙草硏究 Vol.17 No.-

Two directions of agricultural policy reform in UR-WTO system are (1) to expand the free trade among the countries by reducing the domestic and export subsidies, and (2) to permit the direct payment by means of the agricultural producer support. The principal objective of this study is to find out the economic analysis on farmland conservation policy in mountainous and less favoured areas of Korea. The specific purposes of the study are (1) to compare the policies among the developed agricultural countries, (2) to analyze the economic background of incentive policy, (3) to investigate the conservation policy and the utilization program on farmland in mountainous and less favoured areas. The results obtained from this study can be summarized as follows. (1) The developed agricultural countries, such as EU, Austria, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and so on have been carried out the various direct payment program in mountainous and less favoured areas. (2) The direct payment in mountainous and less favoured areas of Korea should be strengthened for the conservation and utilization of farmland. (3) In order to promote the direct payment program in mountainous and less favoured areas, the accurate valuation on the multifunctionality of agriculture should be preceded. In addition, it is necessary that the importance of agriculture in people's life of future should be recognized by the nation. (4) In Korea, we must establish the farmland utilization program classified by Ri-Dong to conduct the direct payment system for farms in mountainous and less favoured areas.

농협 연합마케팅 프로그램의 전략과 과제

박종섭 충북대학교 연초연구소 2006 煙草硏究 Vol.20 No.-

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of pooling used by agricultural cooperatives and create pooling strategies. Pooling is a way to share risk, expenses, and revenue with other producers by marketing agricultural products together. The advantages of pooling in agricultural marketing can be achieved through the economies of scale and scope. Agricultural marketing cooperatives should try to meet the changing consumer demands for environment-friendly organic products, branded agricultural products, small packaged products and ready-to-eat processed foods. Also, agricultural marketing cooperatives should pay close attention to eliminate the moral hazard problem and to prevent low quality products from being marketed in the process of pooling.

포도 브랜드 자산의 가치창출 전략

박종섭 충북대학교 연초연구소 2008 煙草硏究 Vol.21 No.-

-본문참고-

농업기술혁신의 경제성 평가와 관리체계

박종섭,안인찬 충북대학교 연초연구소 2004 煙草硏究 Vol.19 No.-

This study originated from an issue that technological innovation is an important factor in modern agriculture and it should be controlled systematically by government and farms. The objective of this study is to find out the methods of economic evaluation and management system of technological innovation in agriculture. Technological progress in agriculture improves the agricultural production function. For any given amount of inputs, we get more output than we did in the past farming. Modern theories of endogenous growth attempt to explain the rate of technological progress, which the Solow model takes as exogenous. These models try to explain the decisions that determine the creation of knowledge through research and development. The growth of agricultural income per farm is determined by the rate of technological progress. Because technological innovation in modernized agriculture is very important factors increasing the revenue and reducing the production cost. The difference between production functions is due to a difference of technique in how the inputs are used in producing the output. A farmer will not adapt a change in technology unless he expects that the adaption will lead to a reduction in per unit costs at the output at which he expects to operate. Since most innovations involve additional expenditures, total costs are likely to be increased at lower levels of output as a result of technological changes. Nevertheless, in order to increase the agricultural production and the levels of living it is necessary to develope and adapt technological improvements in agriculture. The major problem in agricultural technological innovation is to evaluate the economic value of new technology adapted by farmers in agricultural accounting system and to prepare the technological management system to develope better technology. Farms should reflect the economic value of technological changes through financial analysis in agricultural accounting system. Because an essential activity in financial management of agriculture is the development of a timely technological information system that provides a means for the decision maker as a farm operator to measure, evaluate, control, and improve the financial performance of the farm business. The government should develope the education of the skilled technical hands, R&D investment, the accumulation and risk management of agricultural technological information, and the development and spread of agricultural technology. We can expect the principal role of local agricultural college in technological management system of agriculture by the decentralization of agricultural extension function.

육우 햄에 대한 소비자 선호 분석

박종섭, 최양일, 공기서, 여순식 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2012 農業科學硏究 Vol.28 No.3

The purpose of this study is to estimate the implicit prices and consumers’ preference by attributes on Korean beef cattle ham using choice experiments. Main attributes are the country of origin, non-antibiotic certification, HACCP certification, addition of Korean agricultural products and use of natural colors. The implicit prices of each attribute and level for country of origin are estimated as KRW 919.0 for Korean pork, KRW 2,173. for imported beef and KRW 5,232.9 for Korean cattle beef. The other estimated implicit prices are KRW1,762.9 for non-antibiotic certification, KRW 577.5 for HACCP certification, KRW 57.9 for addition of Korean agricultural products and finally, KRW 572.9 for use of natural colors. This study is expected to contribute to the decision-making process of Korean beef cattle farmers by providing useful quantitative information on attributes and price that are related to consumers’ preference on Korean beef cattle ham.

政府支出과 租稅收入間 因果分析 : 오차수정모형의 응용

박종섭 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1996 農業科學硏究 Vol.13 No.-

This paper applies cointegration and error-correction models to test the causal relation between government expenditures and tax revenues in Korea over the period 1953-1995. These econometric techniques have recently gained attention in empirical research not only for simplicity and relevance in analysing time-series data but also for ensuring stationary and providing additional channels through which Granger causality could emerge if two variables are cointegrated. We performed the unit root tests in levels and first differences. The levels of tax revenue and government expenditure variables are non-stationary, but the first differences of that variables are stationary indicating that these variables are in fact integrated of order one, I(1) . We performed Engle Granger cointegration tests by estimating the cointegrating equation in order to obtain the residuals used in the error-correction models. We are interesting to see what causes what, that is, the direction of causality between tax revenues and government expenditures. The empirical results obtained from the error-correction models indicate that causality runs from government expenditures to tax revenues. This is based on the significance of the error-correction coefficient, η. The results imply that higher government expenditures would lead to higher tax revenues.

제트베인형 추력편향장치의 공기역학적 특성

박종호,이성노,이은모,신완순,이택상,길경섭 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 2000 論文集 Vol.23 No.1

The aerodynamic study of jetvane type TVC(Thrust Vector Control) were conducted using supersonic cold-flow system. The use of TVC Systems in particular jet vanes, are currently being researched for use in air launch, ship launch, underwater launch and high altitude maneuvering of tactical missiles and rockets. The necessity to generate control forces to rapidly change the course of the missile is frequently required when traditional, exterior aerodynamic surfaces are unable to produce these forces, when the flow over the control surface is insufficient. This situation can occur at launch, or high angles of attack of the control surfaces. Jetvanes performed well at all altitudes and environmental conditions, and jet vanes are extremely effective at deflection angles up to as high as 30 degrees, make them ideal for the launch and maneuver applications. In this study, aerodynamic performance test of jetvane type TVC was conducted, and The effect of shape and deflection angle of various types of jetvanes are investigated

병원과 지역사회에서 메티실린 내성 황색 포도상구균(methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) 감염의 임상 분자역학 연구

박정원,이종섭,송준영,김철현,엄중식,정희진,김우주,박승철 대한화학요법학회 2002 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.20 No.2

목적 : 국내에서 1990년대 이후 중요한 병원균으로 대두되고 있는 methicillin-resistant S. ureus(MRSA)는 주로 입원환자에서만 분리되는 것으로 알려져 있으나, 최근들어 지역사회에서도 퍼져있는 것으로 알려지기 시작하였다. 이에 병원획득 및 지역사회획득 MRSA의 임상역학 및 분자역학적 연구를 통하여 획득요인, 병원과 지역사회 획득 균주간의 교류 양상등을 규명하고자 하였다. 방법 : 1998년 1월부터 12월까지 고려대 부속 구로병원에서 임상검체로부터 분리된 S. aureus 균주중에서 MRSA 균주의 빈도를 구하였고, 이중 1998년 10월 1개월 동안 분리되었던 42균주에 대하여 지역사회획득 균주와 병원획득 균주로 나누고, 임상역학적 조사를 하였다. 지역사회 획득 18주와 병원획득 22주에 대하여 PCR 방법으로 mecA 유전자를 확인하였고, PFGE를 시행하여 균주의 클론형(clonal type)을 결정하고 이 결과에 준하여 덴드로그램 분석을 시행하여 분자적 친밀도를 결정하였다. 결과 : 1998년 1년간 분리된 총 1,587주의 S. aeureus 균주중 73.8%(1,163주)가 MRSA 였다. 1998년 10월 1개월 동안 임상자료의 고찰이 가능하였던 MRSA 감염환자 42명 중 20명이 지역사회획득 환자였고, 병원획득 환자가 지역사회획득 환자보다 항생제사용 과거력(17 vs 5, p=0.001), 기저질환의 존재(18 vs 8, p=0.002) 등이 통계적으로 의미있게 높았다. 지역사회획득환자가 이루(7/20[35.0%] vs 2/22[9.1%] ; p=0.041)와 밀접한 관계가 있음도 확인하였다. 분자생물학적연구가 진행된 40주의 MRSA 균주는 모두 mecA 유전자 양성이었고, 18주의 지역사회획득 균주에서 총 8가지의 PFGE 클론형이 존재하였으며 A형이 가장 많았다(7/18, 38.8%). 22주의 병원획득균주에서는 6가지의 클론형이 존재하고 A형이 가장 많았으며(15/22, 68%), 15주의 지역사회획득 균주(83.3%)가 21주의 병원획득균주와 공통적인 클론형을 공유하고 있었다. 결론 : 지역사회 획득 MRSA는 주로 이루나 창상부위에서 많이 분리되는 반면 병원획득 MRSA는 객담에서 많이 분리되고 또한 당뇨병을 가진 환자에서 감염을 잘 일으키는 것으로 밝혀졌다. PFGE 분석 결과 원내감염은 단일균주에 의한 유행양상을 보였고, 지역사회에서도 같은 형의 균주에 의한 감염빈도가 가장 높음을 보여 MRSA 균주가 지역사회로 유입되어 지역사회내 MRSA 감염의 발생에 기여했을 것으로 사료된다. Background : Until recently, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection has been acquired primarily in hospital settings. During the late 1990s, the incidence of community-acquired MRSA infections has been increased in this university hospital. This retrospective study evaluated the clinical features and risk factors for community-acquired MRSA infection compared with hospital-acquired MRSA infection; and molecular relatedness of MRSA strains determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE). Method: MRSA isolates collected from patients during October of 1998 were classified as community-acquired("community') or hospital-acquired("hospital") cases. MRSA infections were defined as hospital-acquired if organisms were isolated > 48 hours after admission to the hospital or isolated from patients with a history of admission to a hospital within the last 3 months. A comparative analysis of risk factors for community MRSA compared with hospital MRSA was performed. mecA gene PCR and PFGE of MRSA isolated was used as a tool of strain identification and molecular typing. Result : During one month, there were 42 patients with MRSA infection or colonization. Of 42 patients with MRSA isolates, 22(52%) were hospital cases and 20(48%) were community cases. Previous exposure to antibiotics(17 vs 5, p = 0.001) and presence of underlying diseases (18 vs 8, p = 0.002) were more common in hospital cases than in community cases. MRSA were more frequently isolated in otorrhea specimens from patients with otitis media in community cases compared with hospital cases. Of the 40 MRSA isolates subjected for PFGE typing, 18 were community isolates and 22 were hospital isolates. There were 8 distinct PFGE types among the 18 community isolates and type A was the most common clonal type (7/18, 38.8%). 22 hospital isolates were of 6 distinct PFGE types, and type A was dominant clonal type (15/22, 68%). PGFE subtyping indicated that 15(83.3%) of 18 community MRSA strains were clonally related with that of 21 hospital MRSA strains. Conclusion : Our results suggest that hospital MRSA strains may have disseminated in the community setting. PFGE subtyping support the finding that MRSA is circulating beyond nosocomial settings in the regional community.