Current Status of Industrial Waste Generation and Symbiosis Network in Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea

( Jong-hun Park ),( In-gyung Jung ),( Jae-gun Seo ),( Sang-hyoun Kim ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2015 한국폐기물자원순환학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2015 No.-

This work aimed to analyze current status of by-products generation and industrial symbiosis network in Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea. Manufacturing sector of the province mainly consists of electronics, machinery, steel, metal-working industries. Gumi and Pohang have the 1st and 2nd largest worker population in the manufacturing sector. 21,950.7 ton/d of waste is generated from the industries in 2011, of which 82.2% is recycled. The industrial waste, which is not recycled, is mainly composed of sludge cake from domestic wastewater treatment plants, waste plastic, incinerator ash, and slag. Pohang is the largest generating city of both total and the non-recycled industrial waste in the province, and most of the waste is from Pohang steel industrial park. Symbiosis map in Pohang steel industrial park shows that most of the current material symbiosis in the industrial park is for waste refractories and slag.

Current Status of Industrial Waste Generation and Symbiosis Network in Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea

Jong-Hun Park,In-Gyung Jung,Jae-Gun Seo,Sang-Hyoun Kim 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2015 한국폐기물자원순환학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.05

This work aimed to analyze current status of by-products generation and industrial symbiosis network in Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea. Manufacturing sector of the province mainly consists of electronics, machinery, steel, metal-working industries. Gumi and Pohang have the 1st and 2nd largest worker population in the manufacturing sector. 21,950.7 ton/d of waste is generated from the industries in 2011, of which 82.2% is recycled. The industrial waste, which is not recycled, is mainly composed of sludge cake from domestic wastewater treatment plants, waste plastic, incinerator ash, and slag. Pohang is the largest generating city of both total and the non-recycled industrial waste in the province, and most of the waste is from Pohang steel industrial park. Symbiosis map in Pohang steel industrial park shows that most of the current material symbiosis in the industrial park is for waste refractories and slag.

김치유래 젖산균의 균체지방산 분석을 이용한 분류학적 연구

이정숙,정민철,김우식,이근철,김홍중,박찬선,이헌주,주윤정,이근종,안종석,박완,박용하,민태익 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.2

표준균주를 포함한 230여개의 김치유래 젖산균에 대한 균체지방산(FAMEs)을 분석하였다. FAMEs profiles는 Euclidian Distance 17.5에 의해 7개의 Major Cluster와 1개의 Single Cluster로 나뉘어졌다. 이중 A, B, C 및 Cluster는 Leuconostoc속으로 분석되어졌고, F는 Lactobacillus속으로 분석되어졌다. 그리고 E와 G cluster는 두개의 Genus가 혼재되어 나타났으며 보충적인 연구가 필요하다. 앞으로 김치유래 젖산균의 균체지방산 분석결과를 기반으로 한 데이타베이스에 95가지 탄소원을 이용하는 수치분류학적 접근방법 및 Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry 등의 화학적 분석 방법과 분자친화적 연구를 통한 종합적 분류정보 체계가 갖추어지면 젖산균의 신속, 정확한 동정 및 연구에 활발히 이용되어질 것이다. Two hundreds and thirty lactic acid bacteria, mostly isolated from Kimchi, including type strains were sued for analysis of cellular fatty acids. The 230 test strains were recoverd in 7 major and 1 single clusters defined a Euclidian distance of 17.5. These aggregate taxa were equivalent to the genus Leuconostoc (aggregate group A, B, C and D), and the genera Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus (aggregate group G). It is concluded as evident that FAMEs (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) profile of cell can be used as a criterion in classification of lactic acid bacterial from kimchi. Additional comparative taxonomic studies need to be carried out on well chosen representative strains to determine the most appropriate methods of value.

영국 테니스의 기원과 발달과정

박종진, 황석훈 忠北大學校 平生體育硏究所 2014 平生體育硏究所 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

Tennis has been developed in this way. There were many progresses even in our country. However, it is difficult now to find the accurate understanding about the origin or history. Examining the currently prior researches on tennis, the mainstream is being formed by those that were discussed from the psychological, sociological, and physiological perspective. However, it is the real situation that the research materials with discussion about humanistic characteristic, or value and history are nearly nonexistent. In light of this real situation, there is a need of offering accurate data through a research on the origin and the developmental process in tennis. As a result of considering the origin and the developmental process in tennis, which is the objective of this study of having been devised by this necessity of research, the following conclusions were elicited. First, the origin of tennis is not definite. However, many scholars are having the origin as Jeu de Paume around the 12th~13th century. However, it is not what a ball game had not existed even in the former ancient times. Still, it is being accepted now as an established theory for a reason of having likely been begun from a game that the French army returned with taking it to the homeland during The Crusades and called it as Jeu de Paume. Real Tennis or Royal Tennis, which is the predecessor of lawn tennis, is recorded to have been begun from Henry Ⅶ, Ⅷ in England. It is said that Henry Ⅷ performed a game in the form of having been introduced and transformed by France at court. This was called real tennis, namely, royal tennis. Ultimately, tennis appeared as a game of the early royal family in Tudor age and was begun as a game of royal families and aristocrats. This aristocratic propensity in tennis can be considered to have led to modern society. Second, tennis was a sport of royal families and aristocrats up until the Industrial Revolution, but was developed due to a rise in the middle class and an increase in leisure time following the industrial revolution. People had leisure and social party with cricket, but thought it not to be proper for a lawn field of a garden at that time. Tennis was developed that can be performed on a lawn by the Major Wingfield in 1874. As this was popularized, a prelude of lawn tennis came to be notified. A game, which had been performed only indoors, came to be performed at the outdoor lawn court by him, thereby having come to take a main road of popularization. Third, the British cricket club was established in 1868. However, tennis came to be the center in the early days. However, owing to an extension in tennis court in 1876, the name was changed into ‘All-England Croquet and Lawn Tennis Club’ in 1877 that was the following year. As about 100 lawn tennis clubs established the British Tennis Association in 1888, it was acknowledged to be the first official organization and became an opportunity available for supplying tennis, which was formalized in many countries of the world now. With examining the origin of tennis and the evolutional process as the image of modern tennis, it comes to be dubious, too, about which the modern tennis has been developed henceforth with responding to which socio-cultural element until the present age. In addition, even a research on what was the important background that tennis in aristocratic propensity came to be spread even to general people is considered to be likely necessarily clarified through follow-up research. The outcome of this study is expected to be likely able to contribute to closely examining humanistically the relationship between history and cultural issue in the world tennis even if being a little. Furthermore, it is considered to be likely able to be utilized as basic data available for promoting humanistic understanding of modern physical education and is thought to likely contribute even to straightening error of tennis history in the academic circles of physical education history.

Baculovirus를 利用한 Canine Parvovirus VP2蛋自質의 發現

朴鍾賢,宋載永,玄芳動,安動濬,姜永源,全茂炯,安壽煥 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1998 생물공학연구지 Vol.6 No.-

국내에서 分離된 개파보바이러스주(V20주)의 VP2 遺傳子를 baculovirus system을 이용하여 발현시켜 다음의 結果를 얻었다. 1. 개파보바이러스의 VP2 유전자를 PCR에 의해 增幅하여 1755bp의 VP2遺傳子를 pUC19에 클로닝하여, 클로닝된 遺傳子를 polyhedrin promoter를 가지는 baculovirus expression vector인 pVL1393에 옮겨 VP2 발현벡터인 pVL1393-VP2를 얻을 수 있었다. 2. pVL1393-VP2 plasmid와 baculovirus DNA와의 homologous recombination에 의해 재조합바이러스인 VP2-BV를 얻을 수 있었으며, 그 발현효율은 2.000-5.000 HAU/0.05 ml이었다. 3. 免疫沈澱法에 의해 발현된 단백질은 개파보바이러스의 VP2단백질과 유사한 64 kb에 달하는 것이었으며, 血球凝集能을 지니고 있었다 4. 血球凝集能을 지닌 蛋白質이 여러 陽性血淸에 있어서 抗體수준을 測定할 수 있는지 개파보바이러스항원과의 相關性을 比較한 바 0.94 (n=125. p<0.01)의 相關係數를 보였다 5. 발현 VP2白은 virus-like particles를 形成하였으며, 그 크기로는 개파보바이러스와 비슷한 25 ㎚의 크기를 갖았다. Canine parvovirus(CPV) is a member of autonomous replicating parvoviruses and is aetiologically associated with enteritis and mycoarditis in puppies. The capsids of CPV are composed of three structural proteins: VP1, VP2 and VP3. The VP2 protein is the major component of capsid. The VP2 gene of a canine parvovirus. V20 strain isolated in Korea was cloned into baculovirus expression vector, and subsequently the VP2 protein was expressed by a recombinant baculovirus under the control of polyhedrin promoter. The recombinant VP2 protein expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda 9(Sf9) cells was detected by haemagglutination(HA) test and immunofluorescent antibody assay. Molecular weight of the recombinant VP2 protein expressed was estimated as 64Kd when tested by immunoprecipitation test using anti-CPV monoclonal antibody. In haemagglutination inhibition(Ⅲ) test. 8 HA units of the recombinant VP2 protein antigen was successfully utilized to determine a level of antibody against CPV in various positive sera. The recombinant VP2 protein showed also the capability to form virus like particles similar in size and appearance to the CPV virions.

1축 연신된 선형 저밀도 Polyethylene의 전기전도 특성

박재훈,이종규,김영전 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1987 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.14 No.1

The measurements of electrical conduction had been investigated as a function of time, applied electric field, and temperature to investigate the elongated effects of the Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLD-PE) films. The samples were drawn uniaxially at room temperature, and the rate of drawing was 13mm/mm. Films were fixed to metallic frames after elongation to maintain tension. As a result of elongation the rate of conduction decay current was increased and the electric conductivity and conduction activation energy were decreased. These results might be due to the generation of deep traps for electrons and the increase of trap sites by drawing. The decrease of activation energy was caused by the change of trap depth. These results might be due to as the changes of internal structure and morphology by the elongation of polymer.

전기장 인가에 따른 DNA 신장에 관한 AFM 연구

박진영,한성웅,손세영,송성훈,김종민,Ohtani, Toshio,Muramatsu, Hiroshi,장상목 한국화학공학회 2002 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.40 No.1

본 연구에서는 마이카 표면상에서 전기장에 의한 극히 낮은 농도의 DNA 신장에 대한 효율적인 방법론을 제시하였다. 전기장에 의한 DNA 신장을 AFM형상으로 분석한 결과, DNA 농도범위가 약 57×10 exp(-3)ng/mL-57×10 exp(-6)ng/mL일 때 매우 잘 적용되며, 신장된 DNA는 두 전극 중앙에 존재하였다. 또한, 일반 마이카, Mg^2+ 처리된 마이카, 그리고 AP-마이카 표면들에 대한 신장 효율의 차를 기술하였다. 동일한 실험조건 하에서 AP-마이카의 표면이 가장 좋은 효율의 DNA 신장 결과를 나타내었다. An effective method of DNA stretching using electric field on mica surface was proposed for extremely low solution concentration of DNA. DNA stretching based on electric field was observed by AFM and well applied on the concentration range from 57×10 exp(-3)ng/mL to 57×10 exp(-6)ng/mL. Stretched DNA existed in the middle of two electrodes. The difference in stretching efficiency for the different surfaces of bare mica, Mg^2+ soaked mica and AP-mica was discussed. The best performance of stretching was found from the surface of AP-mica under the same experimental condition.

협상연구의 발전과 과제 : A Critical Review on its Developments and Challenges

박헌준,이종건 한국협상학회 2001 협상연구 Vol.7 No.1

본 연구는 지난 30여 년에 걸쳐 협상에 대한 연구가 어떻게 진행되어 왔는 지와 협상연구와 관련하여 나타나고 있는 최근의 주요 이슈들을 살펴본다. 지난 30년 동안 협상에 대한 연구는 정보화 및 세계화와 병행하여 괄목할 만한 성장을 보여왔다. 협상연구는 1960년대와 1970년대에 사회심리학 영역 내에서 활발한 분야였으며, 1980년대와 1990년대에는 의사결정자로서의 협상자에 대한 연구가 폭발적으로 이루어졌다. 1990년대 말에는 협상의 행위적 의사결정의 패러다임에 대한 명백한 비판과 더불어 다시 협상과정에 대한 사회학적 관점에 대한 요구가 크게 증가하였다. 또한, 인터넷 및 디지털 기술의 발달에 따른 정보화와 협상의 문제 그리고 세계화에 따른 문화간 협상의 문제 등이 깊이 있게 다뤄지고 있다. 우리나라는 1997년 말 이후 심각한 경제위기로 인한 국제통화기금의 관리체제에 직면하게 되면서외국 금융기관과의 외채협상을 필두로 대기업의 매각협상 등 국내외의 많은 협상과제를 안게 되었고, 앞으로 해결해야할 협상현안이 산적해 있다. 따라서, 급변하는 국내외 환경 속에서 경제발전을 지속시키고 나아가 국가경쟁력을 강화시키기 위해서는 정보화와 세계화에 걸맞는 협상능력의 제고가 절실하게 요구된다. This paper traces a short history of the study of negotiation for the past 30 years and reviews recent major issues with negotiations. The past 30 years have seen dramatic shifts in the study of negotiation in parallel with the development of Information Technology(IT) and globalization. The study of negotiation was an active field within the domain of social psychology in the 1960s and 1970s. The 1980s and 1990s have witnessed an explosion of research on the negotiator as decision maker. But the late 1990s brought many calls to reintroduce the social aspects of the negotiation process-with an explicit criticism of the behavioral decision paradigm of negotiation as overly restrictive. We explore emerging issues such as negotiation via technology and cross-cultural negotiation that resulted from the development of Internet and digital technology. Since Koreans have accepted the conditions of the bail-out from the IMF(International Monetary Fund), they have faced a lot of issues, such as foreign loans, big companies' M&A, and so on, to be solved through negotiation. To continue our economic growth and strengthen our international competitiveness, negotiators must know how to negotiate via technology but also understand the cross-cultural issues in negotiation.

維新벼에 나타난 生育後期의 萎週

朴鍾聲,金文圭,禹基大,劉勝憲 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1977 農業技術硏究報告 Vol.4 No.1

1. Chemical properties of soils and inorganic compositions of rice plants were analysed to explain the acute wilting occurred in the late stage of rice variety, Yusin. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1) The amount of K and S_iO_2 of soils where severe rice wilting occurred was lower than that of soils where rice wilting didn't occurred. 2) The amount of N and FeO of wilted rice plants was higher than that of normal rice plants while the amount of K_2O and SiO_2 and the ratio of K_2O/N of former were lower than that of letter. 2. Severe wilting was occurred only in the rice variety, Yusin, when three varieties… Yusin, Milyang #15, Milyang #23……were interplanted. The amount of organic and inorganic compositions of three varieties and chemical properties of rhizosphere soils were analysed. 1) The rice variety, Yusin, was the lowest and that of the rice variety, Milyang #15, was the highest in the level of total carbohydrate and hemicellulose. 2) Comparatively higher levels of K were observed in rhizosphere soil where Yusin was planted, while the level of the K in the plant of Yusin was the lowest.

최적화 기법을 이용한 동작 재활용

朴智憲,金宗煥 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2001 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-

This paper presents a new method for quaternion based articulated rigid body animation by reusing an existing motion data. We provide displacement, first and second order differential kinematics of quaternion based articulated rigid bodies. Quaternion allows us to interpolate properly three degree-of-freedom joint orientation rather than chunks of one degree-of-freedom joint angle. Based on the quaternion kinematics of two different bodies, we assign a kinematic constraint equations for a cost function which aims to mimic original motion as close as possible. The approach taken in this paper is different from previous researches in the sense we do not deal with any matrix inversion, which makes non-natural motion animation.