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Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Cu Diffusion in Cu-Induced Germanium Crystallization
Baek, Jung Woo,Kim, Jinok,Park, Jin-Hong American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.16 No.12
<P>A precise understanding of the diffusion of metal atoms into thin semiconductor films during metal-induced crystallization (MIC) is difficult to be achieved, because the metal profiles do not follow standard Gaussian-or Error-distribution-based diffusion theory. In order to fit the abnormal metal profiles in poly-Ge films obtained by MIC, a new diffusion model consisting of two oppositely directed Error distribution functions is proposed and validated through a statistical estimation. In particular, we experimentally investigate the characteristics and metal profiles of the different thick poly-Ge films crystallized by MIC at various temperatures (250, 300, and 350 degrees C) through atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy, and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) measurements.</P>
Strained Polycrystalline Germanium by Metal-Induced Layer Exchange Crystallization
Kim, Jinok,Baek, Jung Woo,Kang, Dong-Ho,Park, Jin-Hong American Scientific Publishers 2017 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.17 No.10
<P>Here, we experimentally investigated germanium (Ge) profiles and the characteristics of polycrystalline Ge films crystallized by the LE-MIC process on SiO2 wafer with two different structures of inverted aluminum (Al) and Ge layer (SiO2/Al/AlO x/a-Ge and SiO2/Al/AlO x/a-Ge) at various temperatures (350, 450, and 550 degrees C) with secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), optical microscopy X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy measurements. Contrary to our expectation, the different structure of inverted Al and Ge layers did not impact the LE-MIC process and finished poly-Ge films. Alternatively, the condition of the processing temperature between 350 degrees C and 450 degrees C made a big impact on the poly-Ge film crystallized by LE-MIC. In addition, the LE-MIC process near 550 degrees C is accompanied by the MIGM process originated in the liquid phase of Ge due to the lower AlGe eutectic temperature (AlGe alloy melting point 550 degrees C); consequentially, We obtained a large-grain size tensile strained polycrystalline Ge film.</P>
Kim, Hee Joo,Baek, Jinok,Lee, Jong Rok,Roh, Joo Young,Jung, YunJae 한국조명·전기설비학회 2018 한국조명·전기설비학회 학술대회논문집 Vol. No.
<P>Although atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by cytokine production predominantly mediated by T helper (Th) 2 cells, AD pathogenesis also involves innate immune and Th1 cells. To optimize the cytokine milieu required for accurate reproduction of AD-related gene expression profile <I>in vitro</I>, we evaluated the expression pattern of <I>CCL22</I>, <I>CCL17</I>, <I>IL5</I>, <I>IL13</I>, <I>IL33</I>, <I>IL25</I>, <I>TSLP</I>, <I>FLG</I>, and <I>LOR</I> in human lesional AD skin and cytokine-stimulated HaCaT cells. An increase in Th2 mediators (<I>IL5</I>, <I>IL13</I>, <I>CCL22</I>, <I>CCL17, IL25</I>, <I>IL33</I>, and <I>TSLP</I>) and a decrease in genes related to cornified cell envelope (filaggrin and loricrin) were observed in human AD lesions. Innate (tumor necrosis factor-α) and/or Th1/Th2 adaptive cytokines (interferon-γ/IL-4) were required for inducing these inflammatory changes in HaCaT cells, implying that a complex network of innate, Th1, and Th2 cytokines drives AD-like changes. Therefore, stimulation with various combinations of cytokines, beyond Th2 polarization, is necessary when HaCaT cell line is used to study genetic changes implicated in AD pathogenesis.</P>
( Shinyoung Song ),( Jae Woo Lim ),( Jinok Baek ),( Joo Young Roh ),( Heung Kyu Park ),( Hee Joo Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2021 대한피부과학회지 Vol.59 No.4
Background: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer and the most common cause of cancer deaths in Korean women. Although tumor-induced mediators and cancer therapy can suppress cell-mediated immunity, the concurrence of herpes zoster in breast cancer patients has not been well-recognized. Objective: This study aimed to delineate the characteristics of herpes zoster in patients with breast cancer, particularly its association with patient age and breast cancer severity, treatment, and clinical course. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of breast cancer patients at a tertiary referral center in Korea from January 2003 to June 2018, identified patients with a subsequent diagnosis of herpes zoster, and analyzed their clinical characteristics. Results: Among 8,124 patients with breast cancer, 2.04% further developed zoster during a median 31-month follow-up period. Age at the diagnosis of breast cancer was higher in the zoster group than in the no zoster group. Cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy significantly increased the risk of zoster. Time from the diagnosis of breast cancer to zoster development was significantly shorter for invasive cancers than for in-situ cancers, with higher risk in the initial 2 years from the cancer diagnosis. Conclusion: This study showed that breast cancer patients are at an increased risk of zoster, particularly in the time following cancer diagnosis. Therefore, a recent diagnosis of breast cancer should warrant clinical suspicion of zoster for patients with suggestive symptoms, and active management should be started. (Korean J Dermatol 2021;59(4): 284∼289)
Infrared radiation accelerates the dissolution rate of a microneedle array patch
( Jae Woo Lim ),( Shingyoung Song ),( Seha Park ),( Seulki Lee ),( Jinok Baek ),( Joo Young Roh ),( Hyang Joon Park ),( Jee-hyun Park ),( Cheong Bi Kim ),( Hyun-ji Lee ),( Jae Myun Lee ),( Jung-hwan P 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1
Background: The microneedle array patch (MAP) has been used for various applications because it is highly efficacious in delivering the active drug ingredient into the skin. Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate changes in transepidermal water loss (TEWL), the surface temperature of the skin, the dissolution rate of the MAP tips with infrared (IR) irradiation, and time for recovery from erythema that occurred after MAP attachment and IR irradiation. Methods: In this study, the dissolution rate of a MAP was increased, not by changing the drug formulation but by employing an IR device. TEWL increased more than fourfold IR irradiation. Water that evaporated as a result of IR irradiation was trapped in the skin layer by the patch, resulting in the increased dissolution rate of the MAP tips. Results: After 10min of IR irradiation, the height of the dissolving tips increased from 41 to 56%, and the dissolved volume of the tips increased from 7 to 18%. During the 10 min of irradiation, the skin surface temperature rose from 32 to 40°C. Erythema occurred in the early stage of treatment, but it abated within 2 h after removal of the MAP and cessation of IR irradiation. Conclusion: Through this study, it was possible to shorten the administration time of MAPs by using an IR device that could be easily accessed. This method can be applied to various types of MAPs to reduce the time that the MAPs must remain attached to the skin without changing the drug formulation.
( Jeongsoo Kim ),( Seha Park ),( Seulki Lee ),( Haryeong Ryu ),( Jinok Baek ),( Jooyoung Roh ),( Hyangjoon Park ),( Heejoo Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.2
Background: Eosinophilic cytokine profile including IL-23/Th17 axis and their immunomodulatory interaction with other immune cells imply their possible involvement in psoriasis pathogenesis. Objectives: This study was to examine the potential role of eosinophils in imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasiform dermatitis using ΔdblGATA mice, an eosinophil lineage-ablated mouse line. Methods: After topical IMQ application, inflammatory cytokine gene expression and Inflammatory cell populations were analyzed by qRT-PCR and flow cytometry, respectively. Results: Psoriatic features like epidermal thickening, erythema, and scale were less prominent in ΔdblGATA mice after IMQ treatment. Inflammatory cytokines important in psoriasis, like IL-1β, IL-6, IL-22, IL-23, and IL-17, and Th1-/neutrophil-related chemokines CCL2 and CXCL12 were also downregulated, and neutrophils were constantly decreased in the skin, LN, and spleen of ΔdblGATA mice compared to WT mice after IMQ treatment. Although IMQ application increased eosinophils in the skin of WT mice, the absolute cell count was much lower than neutrophils, a major player in psoriasis. Conclusion: The small size of eosinophil population and constant reduction of neutrophil in ΔdblGATA mice than WT mice after IMQ treatment suggest that eosinophils would influence psoriasis indirectly via their inflammatory profile and affecting other mediators in psoriasis, such as neutrophils.
( Seha Park ),( Shinyoung Song ),( Seulki Lee ),( Heejoo Kim ),( Jinok Baek ),( Jooyoung Roh ),( Hyangjoon Park ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.1
Calcinosis cutis is an uncommon disorder and defined as the deposit of insoluble calcium salts in the skin. It is classified as dystrophic, metastatic, idiopathic, and iatrogenic according to etiology. The dystrophic type is the most common and occurs in the previously damaged tissue, including connective tissue diseases, panniculitis, inherited disorders, benign and malignant tumors, and a variety of scarring caused by burn, radiation, trauma, surgery, and keloid. Considering that peripheral neuropathy resulted from leprosy makes the patients vulnerable to various skin traumas leading eventually to chronic ulcers and scars, leprosy can be an additional cause of dystrophic calcinosis cutis. Treatment options are limited. Whereas medical therapy is usually not very effective, surgical intervention has shown to be beneficial and is indicated when painful masses, recurrent infection, ulcerations, functional impairment, and cosmetic concerns exist. Herein, we report two cases of dystrophic calcinosis cutis associated with longstanding, painful, ulcerated cutaneous lesions in the extremities successfully treated with surgical excision in patient with leprosy.
P091 : Clinical efficacy of alitretinoin in patients with palmoplantar pustular psoriasis
( Chulhyun Yun ),( Haryeong Ryu ),( Jihoon Kim ),( Joonseok Choi ),( Jinok Baek ),( Jongrok Lee ),( Jooyoung Roh ) 대한피부과학회 2014 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.66 No.2
Background: Palmoplantar pustular psoriasis(PPP) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease which is often resistant to treatment. Oral alitretinoin is a vitamin A derivative that has emerged as a novel treatment for recalcitrant chronic hand eczema. The effect of alitretinoin for recalcitrant PPP is still poorly investigated. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of alitretinoin in recalcitrant PPP. Methods: Six patients with moderate to severe PPP unresponsive to conventional treatment were treated with oral alitretinoin 30mg once daily for 12 weeks. Efficacy was assessed at week 12 by modified Palmoplantar Pusutular Psoriasis And Severity Index (m-PPPASI), Physician’s Global Assessment (PGA), Patient’s Global Assessment (PaGA). Results: At baseline, the mean m-PPPASI was 26.03 (range: 5.0-43.8). The mean m-PPPASI score at week 12 was 3.88 (range: 0-10.7). At week 12, 83.3% (n=5) of patients achieved an m-PPPASI 75. PGA response of ‘clear (n=2, 33.3%)’ or ‘almost clear(n=1, 16.6%)’ was reported in 50.0% of patients. PaGA results were consistent with PGA in 3 patients rating their disease as ‘clear(n=2, 33.3%)’ or ‘almost clear(n=1, 16.7%)’ at the end of treatment. Conclusion: Alitretinoin might be suggested as a new treatment modality for the patients who have failed to respond to conventional therapy. Further randomized controlled study with large number of patients and comparison with conventional treatment is pending.