Social Incentives for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Distributed Cognitive Radio Networks

( Jingyu Feng ),( Guangyue Lu ),( Xiangcen Min ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.2

Cooperative spectrum sensing has been considered as a promising approach to improve the sensing performance in distributed cognitive radio networks. However, there may exist some selfish secondary users (SUs) who are unwilling to cooperate. The presence of selfish SUs could cause catastrophic damage to the performance of cooperative spectrum sensing. Following the social perspective, we propose a Social Tie-based Incentive Scheme (STIS) to deal with the selfish problem for cooperative spectrum sensing in distributed cognitive radio networks. This scheme inspires SUs to contribute sensing information for the SUs who have social tie but not others, and such willingness varies with the strength of social tie value. The evaluation of each SU`s social tie derives from its contribution for others. Finally, simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

Supporting Trusted Soft Decision Scheme Using Volatility Decay in Cooperative Spectrum Sensing

( Feng Zhao ),( Jingyu Feng ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.5

Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) for vacant licensed bands is one of the key techniques in cognitive radio networks. Currently, sequential probability ratio test scheme (SPRT) is considered as a powerful soft decision approach to improve the sensing result for CSS. However, SPRT assumes all secondary users (SU) are honest, and thus offering opportunities for malicious SUs to launch the spectrum sensing data falsification attack (SSDF attack). To combat such misbehaved behaviors, recent efforts have been made to trust mechanism. In this paper, we argue that powering SPRT with traditional trust mechanism is not enough. Dynamic SSDF attackers can maintain high trust in an alternant process of submitting honest or false sensing data, resulting in difficultly detecting them. Noting that the trust value of dymamic SSDF attackers behave highly volatile, a novel trusted SPRT scheme (VSPRT) based on volatility decay analysis is proposed in this paper to mitigate the harmful effect of dynamic SSDF attackers in the process of the soft-decision data fusion, and thus improving the accuracy of the final sensing result. Simulation results show that the VSPRT scheme outperforms the conventional SPRT schemes.

Behave Well: How to Win a Pop Vacant Band via Cooperative Spectrum Sensing

( Jingyu Feng ),( Guangyue Lu ),( Hong Chang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.4

Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) for vacant licensed bands is one of the key techniques in cognitive radio networks. However, current CSS schemes focus on ensuring an efficient cooperation among secondary users (SUs), but ignoring their competition. At the same time when several SUs want to a vacant band, how to win this pop vacant band for an SU becomes more and more important. Inspired by the idea that an SU who always behaves well will win a pop vacant band more easily, we propose a competition scheme called BehaveWell (BW) in this paper. By analyzing the main threats against CSS, competitive coefficient is introduced to evaluate each SU`s past behaviors in CSS. A higher competitive coefficient is very helpful for an SU to win a pop vacant band. This BW scheme can not only enhance a healthy competition among SUs, but also improve the security of CSS. Simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

Securing Cooperative Spectrum Sensing against Rational SSDF Attack in Cognitive Radio Networks

( Jingyu Feng ),( Yuqing Zhang ),( Guangyue Lu ),( Liang Zhang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.1

Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is considered as a powerful approach to improve the utilization of scarce radio spectrum resources. However, most of CSS schemes assume all secondary users (SU) are honest, and thus offering opportunities for malicious SUs to launch the spectrum sensing data falsification attack (SSDF attack). To combat such misbehaved behaviors, recent efforts have been made to trust schemes. In this paper, we argue that powering CSS with traditional trust schemes is not enough. The rational SSDF attack is found in this paper. Unlike the simple SSDF attack, rational SSDF attackers send out false sensing data on a small number of interested primary users (PUs) rather than all PUs. In this case, rational SSDF attackers can keep up high trustworthiness, resulting in difficultly detecting malicious SUs in the traditional trust schemes. Meanwhile, a defense scheme using a novel trust approach is proposed to counter rational SSDF attack. Simulation results show that this scheme can successfully reduce the power of rational SSDF, and thus ensure the performance of CSS.

Ginsenoside Rg3 ameliorates myocardial glucose metabolism and insulin resistance via activating the AMPK signaling pathway

Jingyu Ni,Zhihao Liu,Miaomiao Jiang,Lan Li,Jie Deng,Xiaodan Wang,Jing Su,Yan Zhu,Feng He,Jingyuan Mao,Xiumei Gao,Guanwei Fan 고려인삼학회 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.2

Background: Ginsenoside Rg3 is one of the main active ingredients in ginseng. Here, we aimed to confirm its protective effect on the heart function in transverse aortic coarctation (TAC)-induced heart failure mice and explore the potential molecular mechanisms involved. Methods: The effects of ginsenoside Rg3 on heart and mitochondrial function were investigated by treating TAC-induced heart failure in mice. The mechanism of ginsenoside Rg3 for improving heart and mitochondrial function in mice with heart failure was predicted through integrative analysis of the proteome and plasma metabolome. Glucose uptake and myocardial insulin sensitivity were evaluated using micro-positron emission tomography. The effect of ginsenoside Rg3 on myocardial insulin sensitivity was clarified by combining in vivo animal experiments and in vitro cell experiments. Results: Treatment of TAC-induced mouse models with ginsenoside Rg3 significantly improved heart function and protected mitochondrial structure and function. Fusion of metabolomics, proteomics, and targeted metabolomics data showed that Rg3 regulated the glycolysis process, and Rg3 not only regulated glucose uptake but also improve myocardial insulin resistance. The molecular mechanism of ginsenoside Rg3 regulation of glucose metabolism was determined by exploring the interaction pathways of AMPK, insulin resistance, and glucose metabolism. The effect of ginsenoside Rg3 on the promotion of glucose uptake in IR-H9c2 cells by AMPK activation was dependent on the insulin signaling pathway. Conclusions: Ginsenoside Rg3 modulates glucose metabolism and significantly ameliorates insulin resistance through activation of the AMPK pathway.

Topology-aware Virtual Network Embedding Using Multiple Characteristics

( Jianxin Liao ),( Min Feng ),( Tonghong Li ),( Jingyu Wang ),( Sude Qing ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.1

Network virtualization provides a promising tool to allow multiple heterogeneous virtual networks to run on a shared substrate network simultaneously. A long-standing challenge in network virtualization is the Virtual Network Embedding (VNE) problem: how to embed virtual networks onto specific physical nodes and links in the substrate network effectively. Recent research presents several heuristic algorithms that only consider single topological attribute of networks, which may lead to decreased utilization of resources. In this paper, we introduce six complementary characteristics that reflect different topological attributes, and propose three topology-aware VNE algorithms by leveraging the respective advantages of different characteristics. In addition, a new KS-core decomposition algorithm based on two characteristics is devised to better disentangle the hierarchical topological structure of virtual networks. Due to the overall consideration of topological attributes of substrate and virtual networks by using multiple characteristics, our study better coordinates node and link embedding. Extensive simulations demonstrate that our proposed algorithms improve the long-term average revenue, acceptance ratio, and revenue/cost ratio compared to previous algorithms.

An Anti-Interference Cooperative Spectrum Sharing Strategy with Joint Optimization of Time and Bandwidth

Lu, Weidang,Wang, Jing,Ge, Weidong,Li, Feng,Hua, Jingyu,Meng, Limin The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2014 Journal of communications and networks Vol.16 No.2

In this paper, we propose an anti-interference cooperative spectrum sharing strategy for cognitive system, in which a secondary system can operate on the same spectrum of a primary system. Specifically, the primary system leases a fraction of its transmission time to the secondary system in exchange for cooperation to achieve the target rate. To gain access to the spectrum of the primary system, the secondary system needs to allocate a fraction of bandwidth to help forward the primary signal. As a reward, the secondary system can use the remaining bandwidth to transmit its own signal. The secondary system uses different bandwidth to transmit the primary and its own signal. Thus, there will be no interference felt at primary and secondary systems. We study the joint optimization of time and bandwidth allocation such that the transmission rate of the secondary system is maximized, while guaranteeing the primary system, as a higher priority, to achieve its target transmission rate. Numerical results show that the secondary system can gain significant improvement with the proposed strategy.

Antiviral Effect of Retro-2.1 against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 In Vitro

( Wenwen Dai ),( Yu Wu ),( Jinpeng Bi ),( Jingyu Wang ),( Shuai Wang ),( Wei Kong ),( Julien Barbier ),( Jean-christophe Cintrat ),( Feng Gao ),( Zhengran Jiang ),( Daniel Gillet ),( Weiheng Su ),( Ch 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.6

Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection has been a public health concern worldwide. It is the leading cause of genital herpes and a contributing factor to cervical cancer and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. No vaccine is available yet for the treatment of HSV-2 infection, and routinely used synthetic nucleoside analogs have led to the emergence of drug resistance. The small molecule Retro-2^cycl has been reported to be active against several pathogens by acting on intracellular vesicle transport, which also participates in the HSV-2 lifecycle. Here, we showed that Retro-2.1, which is an optimized, more potent derivative of Retro-2^cycl, could inhibit HSV-2 infection, with 50% inhibitory concentrations of 5.58 μM and 6.35 μM in cytopathic effect inhibition and plaque reduction assays, respectively. The cytotoxicity of Retro-2.1 was relatively low, with a 50% cytotoxicity concentration of 116.5 μM. We also preliminarily identified that Retro-2.1 exerted the antiviral effect against HSV-2 by a dual mechanism of action on virus entry and late stages of infection. Therefore, our study for the first time demonstrated Retro-2.1 as an effective antiviral agent against HSV-2 in vitro with targets distinct from those of nucleoside analogs.

Thermo-mechanical coupling behavior analysis for a U-10Mo/Al monolithic fuel assembly

Mao, Xiaoxiao,Jian, Xiaobin,Wang, Haoyu,Zhang, Jingyu,Zhang, Jibin,Yan, Feng,Wei, Hongyang,Ding, Shurong,Li, Yuanming Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.9

A typical three-dimensional finite element model for a fuel assembly is established, which is composed of 16 monolithic U-10Mo fuel plates and Al alloy frame. The distribution and evolution results of temperature, displacement and stresses/strains in all the parts are numerically obtained and analyzed with a self-developed code of FUELTM. The simulation results indicate that (1) the out-of-plane displacements of Al alloy side plates are mainly attributed to the bending deformations; (2) enhanced out-of-plane displacements appear in fuel plates adjacent to the outside Al plates, which results from the occurred bending deformations due to the applied constraints of outside Al plates; (3) an intense interaction of fuel foil with the cladding occurs near the foil edge, which appears more heavily in the fuel plates adjacent to the outside Al plates. The maximum first principal stresses in the fuel foil are similar for all the fuel plates and appear near the fuel foil edge; while, the through-thickness creep strains of fuel foil in the fuel plate near the central region of fuel assembly are larger, and the induced creep damage might weaken the fuel skeleton strength and raise the fuel failure risk.

An Anti-Interference Cooperative Spectrum Sharing Strategy with Joint Optimization of Time and Bandwidth

Weidang Lu,Jing Wang,Weidong Ge,Feng Li,Jingyu Hua,Limin Meng 한국통신학회 2014 Journal of communications and networks Vol.16 No.2

In this paper, we propose an anti-interference cooperativespectrum sharing strategy for cognitive system, in which a secondarysystem can operate on the same spectrum of a primary system. Specifically, the primary system leases a fraction of its transmissiontime to the secondary system in exchange for cooperationto achieve the target rate. To gain access to the spectrum of theprimary system, the secondary system needs to allocate a fractionof bandwidth to help forward the primary signal. As a reward,the secondary system can use the remaining bandwidth to transmitits own signal. The secondary system uses different bandwidthto transmit the primary and its own signal. Thus, there will beno interference felt at primary and secondary systems. We studythe joint optimization of time and bandwidth allocation such thatthe transmission rate of the secondary system is maximized, whileguaranteeing the primary system, as a higher priority, to achieveits target transmission rate. Numerical results show that the secondarysystem can gain significant improvement with the proposedstrategy.