Increased Wall Enhancement Extent Representing Higher Rupture Risk of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms

Jiang, Yeqing,Xu, Feng,Huang, Lei,Lu, Gang,Ge, Liang,Wan, Hailin,Geng, Daoying,Zhang, Xiaolong The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2021 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.64 No.2

Objective : This study aims to investigate the relationship between aneurysm wall enhancement and clinical rupture risks based on the magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (MR-VWI) quantitative methods. Methods : One hundred and eight patients with 127 unruptured aneurysms were prospectively enrolled from Feburary 2016 to October 2017. Aneurysms were divided into high risk (≥10) and intermediate-low risk group (<10) according to the PHASES (Population, Hypertension, Age, Size of aneurysm, Earlier SAH history from another aneurysm, Site of aneurysm) scores. Clinical risk factors, aneurysm morphology, and wall enhancement index (WEI) calculated using 3D MR-VWI were analyzed and compared. Results : In comparison of high-risk and intermediated-low risk groups, univariate analysis showed that neck width (4.5±3.3 mm vs. 3.4±1.7 mm, p=0.002), the presence of wall enhancement (100.0% vs. 62.9%, p<0.001), and WEI (1.6±0.6 vs. 0.8±0.8, p<0.001) were significantly associated with high rupture risk. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that WEI was the most important factor in predicting high rupture risk (odds ratio, 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-4.9; p=0.002). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis can efficiently differentiate higher risk aneurysms (area under the curve, 0.780; p<0.001) which have a reliable WEI cutoff value (1.04; sensitivity, 0.833; specificity, 0.67) predictive of high rupture risk. Conclusion : Aneurysms with higher rupture risk based on PHASES score demonstrate increased neck width, wall enhancement, and the enhancement intensity. Higher WEI in unruptured aneurysms has a predictive value for increased rupture risk.

circ-LDLRAD3 Knockdown Reduces Cisplatin Chemoresistance and Inhibits the Development of Gastric Cancer with Cisplatin Resistance through miR-588 Enrichment-Mediated SOX5 Inhibition

Liang Qianping,Chu Feifei,Zhang Lei,Jiang Yuanyuan,Li Lu,Wu Huili 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2023 Gut and Liver Vol.17 No.3

Background/Aims: Chemoresistance is a common event after cancer chemotherapy, which is associated with the deregulation of circular RNAs (circRNAs). The objective of this study was to clarify the role of circ-LDLRAD3 in cisplatin (DDP)-resistant gastric cancer (GC). Methods: The expression of circ-LDLRAD3, miR-588, and SRY-box transcription factor 5 (SOX5) mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell viability and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value were measured by CCK8 assay. Cell proliferation was assessed by colony formation and EdU assays. Cell apoptosis and cell invasion were assessed by flow cytometry assay and transwell assay, respectively. The expression of SOX5 protein was detected by Western blotting. A xenograft model was established to verify the role of circ-LDLRAD3 in vivo. Exosomes were isolated by differential centrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy and the expression of exosome-related proteins. Results: circ-LDLRAD3 was overexpressed in DDP-resistant GC tissues and cells. circ-LDLRAD3 knockdown decreased the IC50 of DDP-resistant cells and suppressed cell proliferation, survival and invasion. miR-588 was a target of circ-LDLRAD3, and miR-588 inhibition attenuated the inhibition of DDP resistance, proliferation, survival and invasion in DDP-resistant GC cells caused by circ-LDLRAD3 knockdown. SOX5 was a target of miR-588, and the inhibition of the DDP resistance, proliferation, survival and invasion of DDP-resistant GC cells by miR-588 restoration was largely rescued SOX5 overexpression. circ-LDLRAD3 knockdown inhibited DDP resistance and tumor growth in vivo. circ-LDLRAD3 was overexpressed in exosomes isolated from DDP-resistant GC cells. Conclusions: circ-LDLRAD3 knockdown reduced DDP resistance and blocked the malignant development of DDP-resistant GC by modulating the miR-588/SOX5 pathway.

Long-Term Outcomes of Stenting on Non-Acute Phase Extracranial Supra-Aortic Dissections

Jiang, Yeqing,Di, Ruoyu,Lu, Gang,Huang, Lei,Wan, Hailin,Ge, Liang,Zhang, Xiaolong The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2022 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.65 No.3

Objective : Extracranial supra-aortic dissections (ESADs) with severe stenosis, occlusion and/or pseudoaneurysm presents potential risk of stroke. Endovascular stenting to reconstruct non acute phase ESADs (NAP-ESADs) is an alternative to anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy. However, its feasibility, safety and efficacy of stenting in NAP-ESADs is unclear. This study aims to investigate the long-term outcomes of the feasibility, safety and efficacy of stenting in NAP-ESADs. Methods : Seventy-four patients with 91 NAP-ESAD vessels with severe stenosis, occlusion and/or pseudoaneurysm presents potential risk of stroke who underwent stent remodeling were enrolled into this respective study from December 2008 to March 2020. Technical success rate, complications, clinical and angiographic results were harvested and analyzed. Results : Success rate of stent deployment was 99% (90/91) with no procedural mortality or morbidity. Transient ischemic attack occurred in three patients during operation (4.1%, 3/74). Asymptomatic embolisms of distal intracranial vessels were found in two patients (2.7%, 2/74). One hundred and forty-two stents deployed at 85 carotid (135 stents) and six vertebral (seven stents) vessels. Six stent types (Wingspan, 28/135, 20.7%; Solitaire, 10/135, 7.4%; Neuroform, 8/135, 5.9%; LVIS, 2/135, 1.5%; Precise, 75/135, 55.6%; Acculink, 12/135, 8.9%) were deployed at carotid arterial dissection while two types (Wingspan, 5/7, 71.4%; Solitaire 2/7, 28.6%) at vertebral arterial dissection. Digital subtracted angiography (56%, 51/91), computational tomography angiography (41.8%, 38/91) and high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (2.2%, 2/91) were adopted for follow up, with a mean time of 17.2±15.4 months (5-77). All patient modified Rankin Scale scores showed no increase at discharge or follow-up. Angiographically, dissections in 86 vessels in 69 patients (94.5%, 86/91) were completely reconstructed with only minor remnant dissections in four vessels in four patients (4.4%, 4/91). Severe re-stenosis in the stented segment required re-stenting in one patient (1.1%, 1/91). Conclusion : Stent remodeling technique provides feasible, safe and efficacious treatment of ESADs patients with severe stenosis, occlusion and/or pseudoaneurysm.

Characteristics and Comparisons of Morphometric Measurements and Computed Tomography Hounsfield Unit Values of C2 Laminae for Translaminar Screw Placement Between Patients With and Without Basilar Invagination

Lu-Ping Zhou,Jin Shang,Zhi-Gang Zhang,Zhen-Fei Jiang,Hua-Qing Zhang,Chong-Yu Jia,Ren-Jie Zhang,Cai-Liang Shen 대한척추신경외과학회 2022 Neurospine Vol.19 No.4

Objective: Patients with basilar invagination (BI) had high incidences of vertebral variations and high-riding vertebral artery (HRVA) that might restrict the use of pedicle or pars screw and increase the use of translaminar screw on axis. Here, we conducted a radiographic study to investigate the feasibility of translaminar screws and the bone quality of C2 laminae in patients with BI, which were compared with those without BI as control to provide guidelines for safe placement. Methods: In this study, a total of 410 patients (205 consecutive patients with BI and 205 matched patients without BI) and 820 unilateral laminae of the axis were included at a 1:1 ratio. Comparisons with regard to insertion parameters (laminar length, thickness, angle, and height) for C2 translaminar screw placement and Hounsfield unit (HU) values for the assessment of the appropriate bone mineral density of C2 laminae between BI and control groups were performed. Besides, the subgroup analyses based on the Goel A and B classification of BI, HRVA, atlas occipitalization, and C2/3 assimilation were also carried out. Furthermore, the factors that might affect the insertion parameters and HU values were explored through multiple linear regression analyses. Results: The BI group showed a significantly smaller laminar length, thickness, height, and HU value than the control group, whereas no significant difference was observed regarding the laminar angle. By contrast, the control group showed significantly higher rates of acceptability for unilateral and bilateral translaminar screw fixations than the BI group. Subgroup analyses showed that the classification of Goel A and B, HRVA, atlas occipitalization, and C2/3 assimilation affected the insertion parameters except the HU values. Multiple linear regression indicated that the laminar length was significantly associated with the male gender (B = 0.190, p < 0.001), diagnoses of HRVA (B = -0.109, p < 0.001), Goel A (B = -0.167, p < 0.001), and C2/3 assimilation (B = -0.079, p = 0.029); the laminar thickness was significantly associated with the male gender (B = 0.353, p < 0.001), diagnoses of HRVA (B = -0.430, p < 0.001), Goel B (B = -0.249, p = 0.026), and distance from the top of odontoid to the Chamberlain line (B = -0.025, p = 0.003); laminar HU values were significantly associated with age (B = -2.517, p < 0.001), Goel A (B = -44.205, p < 0.001), Goel B (B = -25.704, p = 0.014), and laminar thickness (B = -11.706, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Patients with BI had narrower and smaller laminae with lower HU values and lower unilateral and bilateral acceptability for translaminar screws than patients without BI. Preoperative 3-dimensional computed tomography (CT) and CT angiography were needed for BI patients.

RTN4 3'-UTR Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Chinese Han Population

Lu, De-Yi,Mao, Xu-Hua,Zhou, Ying-Hui,Yan, Xiao-Long,Wang, Wei-Ping,Zheng, Ya-Biao,Xiao, Juan-Juan,Zhang, Ping,Wang, Jian-Guo,Ashwani, Neetika,Ding, Wei-Liang,Jiang, Hua,Shang, Yan,Wang, Ming-Hua Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.13

Nogo protein, encoded by gene reticulon-4 (RTN4), includes three major isoforms by different splicing, named Nogo-A Nogo-B and Nogo-C. Nogo proteins play an important role in the apoptosis of cells, especially in tumor cells. RTN4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can influence the efficiency of transcription and translation thus being related with an individual's predisposition to cancer. The CAA insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs34917480) within RTN4 3'-UTR has been reported to be associated with many cancer types. In order to investigate the relationship between this polymorphism and susceptibility to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the Chinese population, we conducted the present case-control study including 411 NSCLC patients and 471 unrelated healthy controls. The genotype distributions were significantly different between cases and controls (p=0.014). We found that the del allele could significantly increase NSCLC risk (ins/ins vs ins/del: p=0.007, OR 1.46, 95%CI=1.11-1.93; dominant model: p=0.004, OR 1.47, 95%CI=1.13-1.92 and allele model: p=0.008, OR 1.35, 95%CI=1.08-1.67). This association was stronger in participants over 60 years old, males and smokers. We therefore conclude that the CAA insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs34917480) contributes to non-small cell lung cancer risk in Chinese population. Age, sex and environmental exposure are also related to carcinogenic effects of rs34917480.

Imaging of Anal Fistulas: Comparison of Computed Tomographic Fistulography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Changhu Liang,Yongchao Lu,Bin Zhao,Yinglin Du,Cuiyan Wang,Wanli Jiang 대한영상의학회 2014 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.15 No.6

The primary importance of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in evaluating anal fistulas lies in its ability to demonstrate hidden areas of sepsis and secondary extensions in patients with fistula in ano. MR imaging is relatively expensive, so there are many healthcare systems worldwide where access to MR imaging remains restricted. Until recently, computed tomography (CT) has played a limited role in imaging fistula in ano, largely owing to its poor resolution of soft tissue. In this article, the different imaging features of the CT and MRI are compared to demonstrate the relative accuracy of CT fistulography for the preoperative assessment of fistula in ano. CT fistulography and MR imaging have their own advantages for preoperative evaluation of perianal fistula, and can be applied to complement one another when necessary.

Pyrotinib Combined with Vinorelbine in Patients with Previously Treated HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Multicenter, Single-arm, Prospective Study

Kuikui Jiang,Ruoxi Hong,Wen Xia,Qianyi Lu,Liang Li,Jianhao Huang,Yanxia Shi,Zhongyu Yuan,Qiufan Zheng,Xin An,Cong Xue,Jiajia Huang,Xiwen Bi,Meiting Chen,Jingmin Zhang,Fei Xu,Shusen Wang 대한암학회 2024 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.56 No.2

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new combination treatment of vinorelbine and pyrotinib in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and provide higher level evidence for clinical practice. Materials and Methods This was a prospective, single-arm, phase 2 trial conducted at three institutions in China. Patients with HER2-positive MBC, who had previously been treated with trastuzumab plus a taxane or trastuzumab plus pertuzumab combined with a chemotherapeutic agent, were enrolled between March 2020 and December 2021. All patients received pyrotinib 400 mg orally once daily plus vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 intravenously or 60-80 mg/m2 orally on day 1 and day 8 of 21-day cycle. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints included the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival, and safety. Results A total of 39 patients were enrolled. All patients had been pretreated with trastuzumab and 23.1% (n=9) of them had accepted trastuzumab plus pertuzumab. The median follow-up time was 16.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.3 to 27.2), and the median PFS was 6.4 months (95% CI, 4.0 to 8.8). The ORR was 43.6% (95% CI, 27.8% to 60.4%) and the DCR was 84.6% (95% CI, 69.5% to 94.1%). The median PFS of patients with versus without prior pertuzumab treatment was 4.6 and 8.3 months (p=0.017). The most common grade 3/4 adverse events were diarrhea (28.2%), neutrophil count decreased (15.4%), white blood cell count decreased (7.7%), vomiting (5.1%), and anemia (2.6%). Conclusion Pyrotinib plus vinorelbine showed promising efficacy and tolerable toxicity as second-line treatment in patients with HER2-positive MBC.

Strength prediction of corrosion reinforced concrete columns strengthened with concrete filled steel tube under axial compression

Hongjun Liang,Yanju Jiang,Yiyan Lu,Jiyue Hu 국제구조공학회 2020 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.37 No.4

Twenty-two corrosion-damaged columns were simulated through accelerated steel corrosion tests. Eight specimens were directly tested to failure under axial load, and the remaining specimens were tested after concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) strengthening. This study aimed to investigate the damage of RC columns after corrosion and their restoration and enhancement after strengthening. The research parameters included different corrosion degrees of RC columns, diameter-to-thickness ratio of steel tube and the strengthening concrete strength. Experimental results showed that CFST strengthening method could change the failure mode of corrosion-damaged RC columns from brittleness to ductility. In addition to the bearing capacity provided by the strengthening materials, it can also provide an extra 26.7% amplification because of the effective confinement provided by steel tubes. The influence of corrosion on reinforcement and concrete was quantitatively analysed and considered in the design formula. The proposed formula accurately predicted the bearing capacity of the strengthened columns with a maximum error of only 7.68%.

Characterization of a novel variant HMW‐glutenin gene from Elymus canadensis

Qian‐Tao Jiang,Yu‐Ming Wei,Tao Liu,Ji‐Rui Wang,Zhi‐En Pu,Xiu‐Jin Lan,You‐Liang Zheng,Zhen‐Xiang Lu 한국유전학회 2010 Genes & Genomics Vol.32 No.4

High molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits (GS) play a key role in the determination of end‐use quality of wheat and other cereal crops. In this study, we report the isolation and characterization of both promoter region and ORF of novel HMW‐GS allele 1St1.3 from a perennial Triticeae species,Elymus canadensis. The amino acid (AA) sequences of E. canadensis 1St1.3 were deduced as 434 aa. Its protein primary structure comprises a signal peptide with a conserved N‐terminal domain, a central repetitive domain and a C‐terminal domain. E. canadensis 1St 1.3 possesses several distinct characteristics which are different from those of wheat HMW‐GSs. The N‐terminal domains of E. canadensis 1St 1.3 resemble that of y‐type subunits, while their C‐terminal domains are more similar to x‐type subunits. The deletion of 85 bp fragment has been observed in promoter region of 1St 1.3, however which has not interrupted the expression of this gene. Our results indicate that 1St 1.3 is novel HMW‐GS variants which will be valuable for enhancing our understanding of structural differentiation and the evolutionary relationship among HMW‐GSs in Triticeae species.

Establishment of a novel myocarditis mouse model based on cyclosporine A

Zhao Tian Hao,Jiang Yi Xuan,Chen Kai Qin,Qiu Dan,Xu Yan Zhe,Ye Chun,Ren Ting,Zhang Bo,Dai Bin,Hu Jue,Lu Jun,Zhou Fang Liang,Xiao Rong,Lu Fang Guo,Wei Ke 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.12

Background: Myocarditis is a myocardial injury that can easily cause adolescent death. Traditional research models of animal invasion with viral components, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or porcine myocardial myosin, among others, have the shortcomings of potential biological safety hazards and high animal mortality. Objective: To explore the construction of a novel myocarditis model with cyclosporine A and the potential genes and pathways associated with it. Methods: BALB/c mice were used in this study, and cyclosporin A and LPS were injected into the peritoneal cavity of mice. The successful establishment of the model was assessed by detecting serum myocardial injury markers and inflammatory factors levels, HE, IHC staining, and RT-qPCR methods. Key genes were obtained using the GSE35182 dataset from the GEO database and validated with the RT-qPCR method. Results: We found that a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated the myocardium of mice in each group of Cyclosporin A constructed model, while the expression of inflammatory factor indicators was increased, and this model has the characteristics of high degree of local inflammation in myocardial tissue, low mortality, and safe and non-toxic treatment. Using GSE35182 data, we selected 18 Hub genes and validated Hub genes in myocardial tissue with RT-qPCR and found that multiple signaling pathways such as Toll-likereceptor signaling pathway(TLRs), Rap1 signal pathway(Rap1), and Chemokine signaling pathway may be involved in the development of myocarditis. Conclusion: Cyclosporin A can construct a new myocarditis model, and TLRs, Chemokines and Rap1 signaling pathways may be the core pathways of myocarditis.