국내 의학용 스마트폰 앱의 분류 및 분석

신지윤, 김우현, 이태수 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2011 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.21 No.2

-본문참고-

건축물 고형시료 중 석면 분석을 위한 방해 물질 제거방법에 대한 연구

김윤재,임지현,장봉기 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2021 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.27 No.1.2

In this study the following pretreatment methods are proposed using solid samples of buildings : furnace ashing methods according to the existing waste process, acid treatment after furnace ashing, acid treatment using graphite block acid circulation, a new method of attempting. This study propose a method for pretreatment of solid samples in buildings containing asbestos with a comparison of the asbestos analysis obstruction removal rates according to the above mentioned methods. The materials used in this study are 48 slates of 3 types and 48 textures of 3 types, total 96 samples which are solid samples in buildings. Pretreatment and acid treatment methods were classified in four ways: Electric high temperature furnace ashing methods according to the existing waste process and acid treatment with HCl(1+3)(Group A), Electric high temperature furnace ashing methods and acid treatment with aqua regia(HCl 3 : HNO3 1)(Group B), acid treatment with aqua regia(Group C) using graphite block acid circulation, a new method of attempting and acid treatment with inverse aqua regia(Group D). The removal rate of furnace ashing from slate samples in A and B treatment groups was 13.91%, and the removal rate of furnace ashing from texture samples in A and B treatment groups was 9.21%, so the removal rate of furnace ashing from slate samples was significantly higher than texture samples(p<0.001). The removal rate of asbestos analysis interfering substances from slate samples and texture samples in C treatment group with acid treatment with aqua regia using graphite block acid circulation were 30.50% and 30.58%, respectively. So in both slates and texture samples, the removal rate of asbestos analysis interfering substances from the slates and texture samples of A, B, and D treatment groups was significantly higher(p<0.001). The newly proposed acid treatment with aqua regia using graphite block acid circulation method in this study significantly eliminated more acid solubility material and asbestos analysis interfering substances than electric high temperature furnace ashing methods according to the existing waste process and acid treatment with HCl(1+3), and this method does not go through the process with high temperature furnace ashing, it is believed that asbestos analysis can be made easier by preventing changes in the characteristics of asbestos and the use of graphite block acid collection devices when acid treatment of solid samples in buildings containing large amounts of asbestos analysis interfering substances can be more effective than conventional methods.

방광 크롬친화세포종과 동반된 배뇨후 벼락두통

하윤석,강성진,허소영,이지현,김민정,김종국,김광수 고신대학교 의과대학 2009 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.24 No.1

Thunderclap headache is a hyperacute, severe headache that is so named because the pain strikes suddenly and severely, and is sometimes a sign of a medical emergency. We report a case of pheochromocytoma in the urinary bladder in a 48-year-old woman who presented with recurrent thunderclap headache after voiding and exercise. So we think thunderclap headache during or immediately after micturition may be an important diagnostic clue of bladder pheochromocytoma.

신규간호사와 프리셉터가 인지하는 프리셉터의 교수효율성 비교

김지양,김영선,김춘실,박현숙,신미영,윤연숙,조유숙,박미미,유문숙 한국간호과학회 간호행정학회 2009 간호행정학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare preceptors and new graduate nurses on their perception of preceptor teaching effectiveness. Methods: The participants were 90 new nurses and 90 preceptors who worked in A medical center. The data were collected from July 1 to September 30, 2008. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was done using a structured questionnaire. Results: New nurses' perception (4.07±.44) of the preceptor teaching effectiveness was significantly higher than perception of the preceptors (3.57±.37). Fifty five percent of new graduate nurses reported a lack of coherence in the preceptor's practice guidelines. For 5 causal factors classified on the teaching effectiveness, the factor of 'Professional knowledge and ability' showed the highest score, but 'Interpersonal and communication skill' got lowest score for both group. Preceptors responded that they did not have enough time to teach well because of their heavy workloads. Conclusions: These results suggest that the preceptors need appropriate compensation and education opportunities, and new graduate nurses need consistent education by the teaching professionals. Therefore, it is important to give preceptors full charge of the preceptorship. Also, it will be necessary to develop education programs to enhance interpersonal and communication skill for preceptors and new nurses.

조혈모세포이식 후 발생한 주폐포자층 폐렴에 대한 고찰

주지현,최정현,이동건,백지연,고윤호,이혜정,김세희,신호진,박윤희,박지영,김유진,신완식,김춘추 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.4

Background : Pneumocytitis cainii pneumonia (PCP) can occur in immunocompromised hosts especially such as AIDS or cancer patients. Although recent research had focused on PCP in AIDS patients, few studies have described the clinical presentations of PCP in recipients of stem cell transplantation (SCT). We evaluated the clinical manifestations of PCP in SCT patients admitted at St. Mary's hospital, Seoul, Korea. Methods : The medical records of 17 PCP patients undergoing SCT between Feb. 1998 and Feb. 2000 were reviewed. The diagnosis of PCP was confirmed through the demonstration of Pneumocytitis cainii via either cytology of brochoalveolar lavage (BAL) or histological technique of lung biopsy. CMV disease and CMV infection were confirmed by BAL culture and antigenemia respectively . Results : Seventeen patients were all recipients of allogeneic SCT and 7 of 17 patients were performed non-sibling SCT. Patients presented with symptoms including brief period (4 ∼23 days) of fever (76%), dyspnea (70%), cough (64%), and signs such as rare(58.8%), Sixteen patients (94%) had been receiving immunosuppressive agent such as cyclosporine A (64%) or Fk506 (35%) without PCP prophylaxis. Eleven patients (64%) were treated with corticosteroid with mean dose of 16 mg/day prednisolone and mean duration of 4.6 months after post-SCT period. Twelve patients were co-infected with CMV. Another co-infected miCroorganisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, herpes simplex virus, parainfluenza virus, Average duration of treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) was 21 ±9 days. Four patients died, and three of them were related with PCP. Conclusion : PCP developed frequently in patients who were taking immunosuppressive drug due to graft versus host disease or were not taking TMP/SMX prophylaxis. High risk patients showing fever, cough, or dyspnea should be considered to take early bronchoscopic intervention for detection of PCP. When treat for PCP, it also be considered to the possibility of coinfection such as CMV. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:273∼279, 2001)

혐오자극과 모델링 및 언어적 지시가 발달지체 아동의 상동행동에 미치는 효과 : 사례연구

한현민,함소희,김윤선,지지영,홍희영 대진대학교 교육연구소 2000 교육연구 Vol.2 No.1

The experiment was undertaken to determine the combined effects of aversive, modeling, and verbal instruction on the self-stimulatory stereotyped benavior exhibited by a three-year two-month old with developmental delay, The behavioral interventions were consisted of lemon juice(aversive), behavioral rehearsal(moleling), verbal instruction(prompting), and defferential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI), and continued over 73 sessions. The data gathered across multitreatments design (A-BCD-A-BD-DE) were visually analyzed. The results revealed that all the treatments reduced the occurrences of stereotyped behavior, the significant differences among any interventions were not found, and more importantly, the behavior effects were maintained.

2002년과 2007년 건강검진 수진자 특성비교

김윤진,김영주,이정규,박현지 부산대학교 병원 암연구소 2009 부산대병원학술지 Vol.- No.25

구치의 1급, 2급 와동에 은 아말감, 구치용 복합레진, 복합레진 인레이로 수복시 치아의 파절저항성

안연실,김미자,이광원,손호현 全北大學校 齒醫學硏究所 1991 전북치대논문집 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of the marginal ridge of posterior teeth with class Ⅰ & Ⅱ silver amalgam, posterior composite, and composite resin inlay. The seventy-two extracted caries free human upper premolars were divided into six groups. Class Ⅰ and Class Ⅱ cavities were prepared and filled with amalgam, light curing composite resin, and resin inlay. Fracture strength was measured at the marginal ridge with "Instron". The results were as follows ; 1. Class Ⅰ restorations were stronger than Class Ⅱ in amalgam and composite resin filled group(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in strength between Class Ⅰ resin inlay and Class Ⅰ resin inlay. 2. In the Class Ⅰ and the Class Ⅱ restorations, the best fracture resistance obtained in resin inlay, followed by composite resin, amalgam(P<0.05). In the Class Ⅰ restorations, result was the same but had no significant difference. 3. Class Ⅰ composite resin and Class Ⅰ resin inlay were stronger than Class Ⅱ amalgam(P<0.05). 4. In the Class Ⅰ restorations, when the marginal ridge was fractured, only enamel or enamel/material were involved. In the Class Ⅱ composite resin and Class Ⅱ resin inlay, enamel/material or only material were involved. In the Class Ⅱ amalgam, only material was fracture.

정신분열병 환자의 유ㆍ소아기 발달 및 소아 청소년기의 병전 사회 적응에 대한 연구

문지현,우행원,김영철,연규월,김종원,임원정 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.6

연구목적: 주요 정신 질환 가운데 하나인 정신분열병은 병의 증상이 나타나기 훨씬 이전인 유아기 및 소아기 때부터 앉기, 서기, 걷기, 말하기, 대소변 가리기 등의 발달 양상과 언어 기능, 운동 기능 등의 양상에서 차이가 나며, 소아 청소년기의 적응 정도도 좋지 않다고 알려져 왔다. 본 연구에서는 대조군과 정신분열병환자군의 발병 전 과거 발달 과정과 병전 적응 정도를 비교하여 그 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 연구 대상은 이대부속 동대문병원 정신과에 입원하였던 환자들 중 정신과 진단 편람 제4판 진단 기준에 의거하여 정신분열병으로 진단 받은 환자군 56명(남자 26명, 여자 30명)과 대조군 51명(남자 25명, 여자 26명)이었다. 연구 방법은 환자와 환자 가족과의 직접 면담 및 병록지 검토를 통해 유아기 발달 과정의 주요 이정표 획득 시기, 소아기의 언어 기능과 운동 기능을 평가하였고, Lewis의 산과적 합병증 척도를 이용하여 출산 합병증을 평가하였으며, 병전 사회 적응 척도를 이용하여 소아 청소년기의 병전 적응 정도를 평가하였다. 사춘기 이차 성징 획득에 관한 정보는 Tanner stage에 기초하여 수집하였다. 결 과: 1) 출산시의 산과적 합병증은 환자군과 대조군에서 유의한 차이가 없었다. 유아기 발달 과정 상 환자군에서 처음 앉은 시기, 걸음마를 시작한 시기, 처음 문장을 말한 시기가 대조군에 비해 유의하게 지연되었다(p<0.05). 2) 소아기 발달 과정을 보면 언어 발달상의 문제는 환자군에서 유의하게 많았으나(p<0.05). 운동 기능 장애의 빈도는 두 군 사이에 차이가 없었다. 읽고 쓰기 시작한 연령은 환자군에서 지연되었다(p<0.05). 환자군에서 언어 기능 장애 및 운동 기능 장애의 빈도는 성별간의 차이를 보이지 않았다. 3) 소아기의 병전 적응 정도는 환자군에서 대조군에 비해 좋지 않은 편이었으나 유의하지 않았다(p=0.06). 반면 청소년기의 적응 정도는 환자군이 유의하게 좋지 않았다(p<0.05). 소아기와 청소년기 동안의 병전 적응 정도를 사회성 영역과 학업 영역으로 나누어 보았을 때 두 영역 모두 환자군에서 유의하게 좋지 않은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 환자군에서 발병 연령이 빠를수록 병전 적응 정도가 좋지 않은 경향이 있었으나 통계적 유의성에는 이르지 못했다(Spearman`s coeff=-0.27, p=0.07). 4) 성별에 따라 살펴보았을 때 남자 환자가 여자 환자보다 학업 영역에서 좋지 않은 적응 정도를 보였다(p<0.05). Tanner Stage에 기초한 이차 성징의 발현은 두 군 사이에 차이가 없었다. 결 론: 이상의 결과를 종합하면, 환자군에서 유아기 발달 과정상 처음 앉는 시기와 걸음마를 시작한 시기 등의 운동 발달 영역과 처음 문장을 말한 시기 등 인지 발달 영역이 대조군에 비해 지연되며, 소아기의 언어 발달 과정에 문제가 있는 경우가 많았고, 읽고 쓰기 시작한 연령이 늦어지며, 발병 전 청소년기의 적응 정도가 대조군에 비하여 좋지 않았다. Objectives: Schizophrenia, one of the major mental illnesses, shows abnormal developmental patterns such as delayed developmental milestones, impaired language and motor function, and poor premorbid social adjustment long before the onset of clinical symptoms of illness. In this study, we tried to find out developmental patterns and premorbid adjustment during childhood and adolescence in schizophrenic patients. Methods: The subjects were 56 inpatients(26 male patients and 30 female patients) who met the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia by DSM-Ⅳ and 52 healthy control subjects(25 male patients and 26 female patients). Interview with subjects and their families and the review of medical records were done to assess sociodemographic factors, timing of developmental milestones, language and motor function of childhood, and timing of sexual maturational events. Obstetrical Complication Scale of Lewis was used to get information on the subjects prenatal and perinatal history, and Premorbid Social Adjustment Scale(PSAS) to assess premorbid adjustment. Results: 1) There were no significant differences in the rates of obstetrical complications. The developmental milestones during infancy such as sitting, walking, age of first sentence were significantly delayed in the schizophrenics than in the controls(p<0.05). 2) Disturbances of speech and language development were significantly more common in the schizophrenics than in the controls(p<0.05), but there were no significant differences in the rates of disturbance in motor development. Mean ages of reading and writing were significantly delayed in schizophrenics than in the controls(p<0.05). No significant differences were found between males and females for either language disturbance or motor disturbance in the schizophrenics. 3) During adolescence, premorbid adjustment was poorer in schizophrenic patients(p<0.05). The schizophrenic patients scored significantly worse than the controls on both sociability and schooling domains(p<0.05). There was a trend for correlation between poor premorbid functioning and early age of onset, but it failed to achieve statistical significance(Spearman`s coeff=-0.27, p=0.07). 4) Male schizophrenic subjects showed poorer premorbid functioning on schooling domain than female schizophrenic subjects(p<0.05). No significant difference was recognized in timing of sexual maturational events between schizophrenics and controls. Conclusion: In summary, the schizophrenics were significantly delayed in infantile developmental milestones, impaired in development of language, delayed mean age of reading and writing, and showed poorer premorbid social adjustment than the controls.

분화중인 흰쥐 콩팥의 요세관에서 nNOS의 발현

송지현,류시윤,김진,정주영 韓國電子顯微鏡學會 2008 Applied microscopy Vol.38 No.2

Nitric oxide는 콩팥에서 혈류의 조절, 사구체 혈액역동학 및 요세관의 운반에 중요한 역할을 하는 인자로서 최근 세포의 주기조절, 유사분열에도 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 최근 연구결과에 의하면 발생중인 콩팥에서의 nNOS의 발현은 성체와는 다른 것으로 알려져 있으나, 발생중인 콩팥에서의 발현 양상 및 발현시기 등에 대해서 알려진 바 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 발생중인 콩팥을 이용하여 분화중인 요세관에서 nNOS의 발현양상을 관찰하고자 하였다. 성체에서 nNOS의 면역반응성은 사구체 보우만주머니의 벽측상피와 치밀반, 내림가는부분 및 수질집합관에 발현되었다. 발생중인 콩팥에서는 임신 15일에 처음 발현하기 시작하였으며, 그 부위는 원위세관의 굵은오름부분이었다. 임신 20일에서 출산후 14일까지 새로이 형성되는 요세관의 굵은오름부분에서 관찰되었으나, 분화를 마친 요세관에서는 그 발현 양상이 감소하였다. 출생후 21일경에는 최종적으로 치밀반에만 국한되어 발현되었다. 속수질에서는 내림가는 부분과 속수질 집합관에서 발현되었으며 그 양상은 수질 중간부위에서 강하게 발현되었으며 시작부위와 말단부위에서는 약하게 발현되었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 굵은오름부분에서의 nNOS의 발현은 요세관의 분화정도와 일치하며 특히 그 발현양상이 분화가 활발한 시기에 강하게 발현되고 분화가 저하된 후에는 발현이 감소하는 것으로 보아 발생중인 콩팥의 성장에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 생각된다. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important regulator of renal blood flow, glomerular hemodynamics, and tubule transport processes in the kidney. There is also evidence that NO is involved in cell cycle regulation and mitotic division. During development the nNOS expression pattern differs from that observed in adult animals. However, little is known about temporal and spatial patterns of nNOS expression in the developing kidney. The purpose of this study was to establish the time of expression and the distribution of nNOS in the developing rat kidney. Kidneys from 14-, 16-, 17-, 18-, and 20-day-old fetuses, 1-, 4-, 7-, 14-, and 21-day-old pups, and adult animals were preserved and processed for immunohistochemistry. In the adult kidney, nNOS was detected in the parietal epithelium of Bowman’s capsule, macula densa, descending thin limb and inner medullary collecting duct. nNOS immunoreactivity appeared first in the distal tubule anlage at 15 days of gestation, and in all epithelial cells of developing thick ascending limbs (TAL) as well as macula densa of 17- and 18-day-old fetuses. From 20 days of gestation to 14 days after birth, nNOS was expressed in the newly formed cortical TAL, which are located in the medullary ray, whereas in mature TAL of juxtamedullary nephrons, nNOS immunolabeling gradually decreased in intensity and became restricted to the macula densa. In inner medullary collecting ducts, nNOS immunoreactivity appeared first at 7 days after birth in the papillary tip and gradually ascended to the border between outer and inner medulla. In the descending thin limb and parietal epithelium of Bowman’s capsule, weak nNOS immunoreactivity was observed at 14 days after birth and labeling gradually increased to adult levels at 21 days after birth. These results suggest that differential expression of nNOS in the developing kidney is an important physiological regulator of renal function during kidney maturation.