자발성 심막기종 1례

안지영,이상래,안성훈,류석용,김홍용 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

Pneumopericardium, as a form of barotrauma, refers to the presence of air within the pericardial sac. The causes of pneumopericardium are various, Clinically, pneumopericardium is typically present with dyspnea and precordial chest pain. On physical examination, heart sounds are usually distant, and precordial tympany may be elicited. The diagnosis can be made by clinical and radiographic findings. Management of pneumopericardium depends on many factors, such as the age of the patient, the suspected causes, and the extent of clinically observed respiratory compromise. The case shown here, a patient who developed pneumopericardium, involved an associated underlying pulmonary parenchymal process as the cause of pneumopericardium.

LLCE법에 의한 천연산 은어의 휘발성 향기성분 분석

김훈,조우진,안준석,조두희,김지혜,차용준 창원대학교 생활과학연구소 2003 생활과학연구 Vol.- No.7

The volatile compounds in natural sweet smelt were analyzed by liquid liquid continuous extraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (LLCE/GC/MS) methods. A total of 64 compounds were detected in sample, and these were mainly composed of lipid oxidative compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, acids and hydrocarbons besides terpens and aromatic compounds. Among these, 9-carbon compounds including (E)-2-nonenal, (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal and (E,Z)-3,6-nonadien-1-ol were suspected to have a key role on odor of natural sweet smelt because these compounds have low odor threshold and water melon-like and melon-like odor, characteristic odor in sweet smelt.

Nuss 방법에 의한 소아 오목가슴 수술 후 정맥 통증자가조절법을 사용한 Fentanyl 과 Fentanyl-Ketorolac의 진통효과 비교

안기량,서은정,김천숙,강규식,유시현,정진헌,정지원 순천향의학연구소 2006 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.12 No.2

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자일리톨 섭취에 따른 Streptococcus mutans의 글루칸 생성관련 유전자 발현 억제효과

김지혜,이영은,안상헌,최연희,남순현,송근배 大韓小兒齒科學會 2009 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.36 No.4

본 연구에서는 장기적인 자일리톨의 섭취가 Streptococcus mutans의 대표적인 독성인자 중 하나인 글루칸 생성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 글루칸 합성효소인 glucosyltansferase의 mRNA 발현을 실시간 역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응을 통해 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 24개월 동안 자일리톨껌을 섭취한 군에서 타액 내 Streptococcus mutans의 colony 수는 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 2. 비수용성 글루칸 합성에 관여하는 유전자인 gtfB, gtfC의 발현은 자일리톨껌을 섭취한 군에서 시간이 지남에 따라 유의 하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 특히 gtfB의 발현은 12개월과 24개월째 대조군에 비하여 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았고, gtfC의 발현은 24개월째 대조군에 비하여 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 3. 수용성 글루칸 합성에 관여하는 유전자인 gtfD의 발현 역시 자일리톨껌을 섭취한 군에서 시간이 지남에 따라 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 또한 gtfD의 발현은 12개월과 24개월째 대조군에 비하여 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과들을 종합해 보았을 때, 자일리톨의 섭취는 구강 내 Streptococcus mutans의 글루칸 합성 관련 유전자들의 발현을 억제시킴으로써 Streptococcus mutans의 수적인 감소를 가져오는 것으로 생각된다. Xylitol has the ability to reduce the adherence of Streptococcus mutans(S. mutans), which can make it easier to remove plaque, decrease acid production and inhibit dental caries. There are few reports on the effects of xylitol on the expression of the virulence related genes in S. mutans. This study examined the inhibitory effect of chewing gum containing xylitol on glucan synthesis related gene expression of S. mutans. Participants were voluntarily recruited for a women's oral health prevention program, classified into two groups(a control and a xylitol group), and then followed for 2 years. Twenty salivary samples were randomly selected from each group. Colony count and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to analyze the characteristics of S. mutans. The following results were obtained: The S. mutans counts decreased steadily in the xylitol group over the study period(p<0.05). The expression of the virulence related genes (gtfB, gtfC and gtfD) was significantly lower in the xylitol group than in the control groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, these results suggest that chewing xylitol gum for a long period of time may reduce the expression of the genes associated with S. mutans virulence, which can result in a decrease growth of S. mutans colonies as a result.

장기간의 크레아틴 구강 투여와 웨이트 트레이닝이 체구성비의 변화에 미치는 영향

이한경,채지원,안병훈 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 1999 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of long-term oral creatine(Cr) supplementation of weight training on body composition. In order to conduct this study, 10 physical education students in optimal physical condition were chosen. The test subjects were divided into 2 groups : Cr supplement group, non-Cr supplement group. In the first stage, the Cr supplement group receved 20g of Creatine monohydrate for the first 4 days, and 5g per day for 54 days, thereafter. All exercise studies were conduced to variable resistance training for 1 hour, three times per week. The training involved seven different exercise, including leg press, bench press, leg curl, leg extension, squat, shoulder press, and sit-ups. Each exercise consisted of 5 set of 12 repetitions at 70% of one repetition maximum(IRM). The IRM values were determined before training and after 8 weeks of training. 1) In terms of body weight, there was no significant difference between the Cr supplementation condition and non-Cr supplementation condition (p>0.05). However, among the Cr supplementation condition, there was a noticeable increase in body weight than in non-Cr supplementation condition. 2) In body fat percentage, there was no significant difference between the Cr supplementation condition and non-Cr supplementation condition (p>0.05), but in the Cr supplementation condition, there was a markedly lower level of body fat percentage than in the non-Cr supplementation condition. 3) In body fat mass, there was no significant difference between the Cr supplementation condition and non-Cr supplementation condition(p>0.05). However, in the Cr supplementation condition, there was lower level of body fat mass than in the non-Cr supplementation condition. 4) In terms of lean body mass(LBM), there was no significant difference between the Cr supplementation condition and non-Cr supplementation condition(p>0.05), but in the Cr supplementation condition, there was higher level of LBM than in the non-Cr supplementation condition. 5) In the creatinine level, there was no significant difference between the Cr supplementation condition and non-Cr supplementation condition(p>0.05). However, in the Cr supplementation condition, there was higher level of creatinine and non-Cr supplementation condition. 6) In the 1RM, there was no significant difference between the Cr supplementation condition and non-Cr supplementation condition(p>0.05), but in the Cr supplementation condition, there was higher level of 1RM than in the non-Cr supplementation condition. All these findings are in agreement with previous studies. Based on the results of this, we have found that Cr supplementation and 8weeks weight training decreased body fat, while increasing LBM and muscle mass.

생리식염수 및 포도당수액 정액 투여가 에탄올 농도에 미치는 효과에 관한 연구

김원율,이상래,안지영,안성훈,류석용,김경환,김홍용 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Background: In emergency department, there are many drunken patients with various emergency medical situations. In these patients, evaluation and management of the medical problems are delayed from time to time because of the uncooperative nature of the patients and because of consciousness and sensory changes. A precise evaluation can only be obtained when the patients become sober. For this purpose, most clinicians start IV fluid loading. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of IV fluid(normal saline and glucose solution) on the rate of ethanol clearance in such patients Methods: Ten volunteers(healthy males in their twenties and with a Michigan alcohol screening test below 4) were enrolled in this study. Alcohol intake was restricted to at least 48 hours before the test and food intake to at least 4 hours. For the test, A predetermined dose of ethanol(1 gm/kg) was given to the volunteers. Each volunteer was tested on three consecutive times with 3 or more days interval for alcohol wash out period . On the lst day, the volunteers received ethanol only per os. On the second day, they received ethanol and a liter of IV 10% dextrose solution. Each day, blood was drawn from the antecubital vein to measure the ethanol level at the time of ethanol ingestion and at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours after ingestion. The repeated measure ANOVA test was used for the statistical analysis. Results: The difference in the blood ethanol level between the 3 test was F=1.7, p=0.184 and the difference corrected by the time factor was F=0.32, and p=0.985. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the blood ethanol level between the tests. In conclusion, the IV normal saline or glucose solution does not accelerate ethanol clearance in suffering

교사가 인식하는 특성화 고등학교 교육의 문제점

이용환,금지헌,안선영 한국농업교육학회 2007 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.39 No.4

이 연구의 목적은 특성화 고등학교에 근무하는 교사가 특성화 고등학교에 근무하면서 인식하는 문제점을 파악하고,특성화 고둥학교가 나아가야할 방향을 제시하는데 있다. 이 연구는 교사가 인식하는 문제점을 파악하기 위해 델파이 방법으로 연구되었다. 델파이 패널은 특성화 고등학교로 신설 및 전환된 지 5년 이상 된 학교의 특성화 또는 실과 부장 교사 18명으로 구성되었다. 3차의 델파이 조사가 이루어 졌다. 1차 델파이 질문지는 개방형으로 교사가 인식하는 특성화 고등학교의 문제점을 자유롭게 기술하도록 하였다. 2차 댈파이 질문지는 1차 델파이 조사를 통해 얻은 문제점 54개에 대해 전문계 고등학교의 입장과 특성화 고등학교의 입장 두 가지 측면에서 문제의 심각성을 체크하도록 하였고 추가적인 의견도 들었다. 3차 텔파이 조사는 2차 델파이 조사 결과 얻은 33개의 문제점에 대해 사분위수를 제시하고 심각성을 체크하도록 하였다. 이 때 사분 위수를 벗어나게 되면 그 이유를 적고,추가적인 의견도 받았다. 그 결과 29개의 문제점이 도출되었으며 그 중 심각성이 높은 13개의 문제점은 학생,교사,교육과정,인식 둥에 관한 것은 아래와 같다. 학생과 관련한 문제점: ① 학생들의 대부분이 진학을 희망한다. ② 전반적인 학생의 가정환경 열악하다. ③ 우수한 학생을 확보하기 어렵다. 교사와 관련한 문제점: ① 교사의 행정업무가 과다하다. ② 우수한 특성화 분야 교원을 확보하기 어렵다. ③ 전공교과 교사의 수업시수가 과다하다. 교육과정과 관련한 문제점: ① 학생의 다양성을 충족할 수 있는 특별교육과정 운영을 위한 예산이 부족하다 ② 특성화 프로그램 벤치마킹 대상이 부족하다. 인식과 관련한 문제점: ① 직업교육에 대한 사회 전반적인 인식이 부족하다. ② 특성화 교육에 대한 학부모의 인식이 부족하다. ③ 특성화 교육에 대한 중학교 교사의 인식이 부족하다 기타 문제점: ① 지속적인 지원이 미흡하다. ② 기초기능 함양의 전문 프로그램 제공처가 부족하다. The purpose of this study was to identify the major problems that teachers perceived in implementing specialized vocational high school education, Specialized vocational high schools are promoted as the main national policy to improve vocational education and strongly supported by the Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development. The Delphi technique for obtaining group consensus was employed to achieve the objective of this study. A panel was composed of 18 head teachers as expert participants selected purposively from 22 specialized vocational high schools which were established over 5 years after transferring as a specialized system. Each panel participant received questionnaires to fill-up through e-mail and responded to it. Three sets of questionnaires were prepared by the researchers. The first questionnaire was an open style to express freely each one's opinion on problems related to specialized vocational education. The second and the third questionnaires composed of questions on scale using the Likert type. Several problems were identified, Problems related to specialized vocational high school students were as follows: ① Most of the students want to go to college/university instead of entering the workplace, ② Generally, they are from a socioeconomically disadvantaged background. ③ It is difficult to attract talented students, which has been a chronic problem for vocational high schools, Problems related to teachers were as follows: ① There are excessive clerical work for teachers ② It is difficult to recruit qualified and competent teachers for the specialized areas ③ Teachers are over-burdened with teaching too many hours of vocational classes, Problems related to the curriculum were as follows: ① There are few programs to benchmark specialized vocational education programs and ② There are no systematic assistance to improve basic academic skills of the students, Problems related to recognition were the following: ① Specialized vocational education carries an unfavorable image, ② There is a lack of parents' recognition of the specialized vocational education and ③ Middle school teachers do not have sufficient information or hold unfavorable perception of specialized vocational schools. Other problems identified include ① There are inadequate financial resources to operate the specialized education programs particularly in coping with student's diversified needs and ② There is a lack of continuous governmental support for the specialized vocational education programs.

말기신부전 환자에서 혈액투석 전후의 QT간격분산 비교

강대웅,정지용,윤나라,안치용,김종오,신병철,정종훈,김현리 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.2

Background: Some cases of QT interval, corrected QT interval (QTc), QT dispersion (QTd) and corrected QT dispersion (QTcd) have been reported in ESRD, but these results are variable and the influence of a hemodialysis is still controversial, In this study, we investigated the effect of hemodialysis on QT and QTc interval and QT and QTc dispersion in patients with ESRD 15 min before and 15 minute after each hemodialysis. Methods: Sixty-seven patients with ESRD (men 33 & women 34) on three-times stable hemodialysis (>3 months) were randomly enrolled. Fifty control subjects with a similar age and normal renal function were enrolled from this hospital. Routine biochemical studies were measured pre- and post dialysis, at the time of the ECG. Plasma Na+, K+, BUN, creatinine, ionized calcium and phosphate were checked. Twelve-lead electrocardiographs were performed at 10㎜/mv and 50㎜/s using a HewIett-Packard Pagewriter 100, before and after a single hemodialysis session.The QT interval was measured from the onset of the QRS complex to the end of the T wave. If the end of the T wave was not clear in a particular lead then it was excluded from analysis. When U waves were present, the end of the T wave was taken as the nadir between the T and U waves. Each QT interval was corrected for heart rate using Bazett's formula (QTc==QT/√(RR)) (ms). The difference between maximal and minimal QT interval duration was defined as QT dispersion (QTd) in each of the 12 leads. Result: This study demonstrates that QT, QTd, QTcd is higher in hemodialysis patients compared with control subjects, and QT and QTd rise postdialysis to levels comparable to those seen acutely following myocardial infarction, when patients are at greatly increased risk of potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmias, Conclusions: QT interval and QT dispersion, markers of risk for arrhythmias and sudden death, are elevated in hemodialysis patients, and rise postdialysis. QT interval and QT dispersion is an easily obtainable, noninvasive, simple, inexpensive, and widely available method of risk stratification in uremic patients receiving chronic dialysis. Additional studies are needed to clarity whether increased postdialysis QT dispersion results in an increased occurrence of arrhythmias.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

Increased immunoreactivity of c???Fos in the spinal cord of the aged mouse and dog.

Ahn, Ji Hyeon,Shin, Myoung Chul,Park, Joon Ha,Kim, In Hye,Lee, Jae-Chul,Yan, Bing Chun,Hwang, In Koo,Moon, Seung Myung,Ahn, Ji Yun,Ohk, Taek Geun,Lee, Tae Hun,Cho, Jun Hwi,Shin, Hyung-Cheul,Won, Moo-H SPANDIDOS PUBLICATIONS 2015 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.11 No.2

<P>Expression of c-Fos in the spinal cord following nociceptive stimulation is considered to be a neurotoxic biomarker. In the present study, the immunoreactivity of c-Fos in the spinal cord was compared between young adult (2-3 years in dogs and 6 months in mice) and aged (10-12 years in dogs and 24 months in mice) Beagle dogs and C57BL/6J mice. In addition, changes to neuronal distribution and damage to the spinal cord were also investigated. There were no significant differences in neuronal loss or degeneration of the spinal neurons observed in either the aged dogs or mice. Weak c-Fos immunoreactivity was observed in the spinal neurons of the young adult animals; however, c-Fos immunoreactivity was markedly increased in the nuclei of spinal neurons in the aged dogs and mice, as compared with that of the young adults. In conclusion, c-Fos immunoreactivity was significantly increased without any accompanying neuronal loss in the aged spinal cord of mice and dogs, as compared with the spinal cords of the young adult animals.</P>