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만성 C형 간염 환자에서 페그인터페론 알파2a와 리바비린 병합 치료중 발생한 벨마비 1예
김일환,장제혁,유충헌,최규남,고정해,김윤정,서광원,김지현,박성재,박은택,이연재,이상혁,설상영 인제대학교 2008 仁濟醫學 Vol.29 No.-
페그인터페론과 리바비린 병합요법은 만성 C형 간염의 일차 치료법이다. 저자들은 만성 C형 간염 환자에서 페그인터페론 과 리바비린 병합 요법 중에 발생한 벨마비 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. 환자는 5년 전부터 만성 C형 간염을 앓아온 48세 남자이며, PEG-IFN α-2a 135μgm 피하주사 주1회와 하루 1200㎎의 리바비린을 투여하였다. 치료시작 후 9개월째 환자는 오른쪽 안면의 근력약화를 호소하였으며 벨마비로 진단되었다. 페그인터페론과 리바비린 병합요법을 지속하면서 관찰하였다. 환자의 벨마비는 페그인터페론 치료를 중단하지 않았음에도 3개월후 증상이 회복되고 이후 벨마비 재발 없이 현재 경과관찰 중이다. 만성 C형 간염에서 페그인터페론과 리바비린 병합 요법시 벨마비의 발생 가능성을 염두에 두어야 하겠다. A Case of Bell's Palsy Associated with Combination Therapy of Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2a (PEG-IFN) and Ribavirin for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection Pegylated interferon alfa(PEG-IFN α) and ribavirin therapy is the first line treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Mild complications of the therapy are common, but more serious complications are rare. We report here a case of Bell's palsy that occurred in a patient with chronic hepatitis C virus infection during combination therapy of PEG-IFN α-2a and ribavirin. The patient was 49-year-old man with chronic hepatitis C (genotype 1b) for 8 years. He had compensated liver cirrhosis with splenomegaly. Therapy with PEG-IFN α- 2a 135mcg/week and ribavirin 1200mg/day was initiated. After 9 months of the therapy, the patient showed a loss of muscular tone on the right side of his face. A diagnosis of Bell's palsy was made. The Bell's palsy resolved over 3 months despite continuation of the combination therapy.
국민연금기금의 주주권 행사 체계에 관한 검토 - ESG 관련 기업과의 대화를 중심으로 -
장윤제 ( Youn-je Jang ) 한국법정책학회 2021 법과 정책연구 Vol.21 No.2
국민연금기금은 국민경제에 미치는 영향이 막중하며, 책임투자 및 주주권 행사에 선도적인 역할을 하고 있다. 이에 국민연금기금의 주주권 행사는 항상 관심의 대상이 되고는 한다. 그러나 주주권 행사를 위한 내부 규정 및 절차에 대한 검토는 활발하지 않아, 규범의 적절성을 다각도에서 검토할 필요가 있다. 국민연금기금은 ESG 관련 우려사항에 관한 기업과의 대화를 기초로 주주권 행사를 이행하며, 크게 중점관리사안 및 예상하지 못한 우려라는 범주로 나누어 절차를 구분하고 있다. 각 절차는 정교하계 설계하여 이해관계자로부터의 비판의 여지를 최대한 줄이고 있다. 그러나 중점관리사안은 절차가 지나치게 복잡하고 예상하지 못한 우려 사안은 범위가 명확하지 않아, 주주권 행사가 실질적으로 작동되지 않는다는 비판이 제기된다. 또한 기업과의 대화 실적이 공개되지 않아 투명성에 관한 문제가 제기되기도 하였다. 이에 이 논문에서는 주주권 행사 절차의 재구성 방안으로서 사전 대화의 규정을 통한 시의성과 투명성 제고, 비공개대화와 비공개중점관리의 절차 일원화 및 구체화, 주주권 행사 수단 강화의 방법 보완을 통한 실질적 주주권 행사를 제안하였다. 또한 예상하지 못한 우려 관련 사안의 명확성 부족을 보완하기 위해, 예상하지 못한 우려 관련 주주권 행사 대상의 유형 및 문언 명확화와 이에 따른 중대성 평가 개선, 사안에 따른 주주권 행사 수단 다양화, 전문위원회의 적극적 참여를 제안하였다. 책임투자와 ESG는 최근 끊임없이 연구되는 분야이다. 특히 ESG를 기반으로 하는 주주권 행사는 내부 및 외부 규범과 연관되므로, 그 절차와 내용에 관한 법적 연구가 활성화될 필요가 있다. 국민연금기금의 ESG 관련 주주권 행사 및 투자 관련, 제도와 규범에 관한 통합적 사고와 연구가 계속될 것을 기대한다. NPS(National Pension Service) Fund plays a leading role in the exercise of responsible investments and ESG. However, the NPS' engagement system is ineffective due to excessive procedures, and its ESG event-based engagement procedure is not appropriate. And most of these problems are attributed to the perception that there is a lack of transparency. In this paper, the provisions of the NPS’ engagement system were reviewed and improvement measures were presented compared to overseas cases. First of all, after reviewing the types and procedures of engagement of overseas pension funds and asset management companies, NPS had similar types and procedures to those of overseas cases, but procedures did not reveal this. I proposed to restructure the engagement procedures to reflect the substance of its dialogue with the corporate. In order to facilitate that, I suggested to abolish the existing process of special committee’s selecting companies subject to private conversations and to hold private conversations at team in NPS’ discretion, but to expand the scope for dialogue proposals by special committees. If transparency is strengthened through reporting procedures, concerns over passive exercise of shareholder rights can be addressed. In addition, it was suggested to set step-by-step targets as in overseas cases and to report performance according to step-by-step targets. Furthermore, in relation to ESG-related event-driven engagement, examples of ESG materiality were referenced in order to establish a clear scope. Overseas, various cases are accumulating to determine the materiality of ESG information, which allows to judge cases that affect corporate value even if they are not in a legally regulated area. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the words that define the matter that ESG-related event and evaluate its materiality accordingly, but to different means of engagement depending on the intensity, probability and time frame of the issue. In addition, considering the trend in double materiality emerge internationally, it is proposed that special committees actively participate in referring these issues to the engagement.
Protective Effects of Wuyaoshunqisan Against H_2O_2-Induced Apoptosis on Hippocampal Cell Line HiB5
Je, Jeong-Jin,Shin, Hyun-Taeg,Chung, Seok-Hee,Lee, Jong-Soo,Kim, Sung-Soo,Shin, Hyun-Dae,Jang, Mi-Hyeon,Kim, Youn-Jung,Chung, Joo-Ho,Kim, Ee-Hwa,Kim, Chang-Ju WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2002 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2002 No.-
Abstat: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of different neurodegenerative disorders . To investigate the protective effects of Wuyaoshunquisan against H^2O^2-induced apoptosis in the central nervous system, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method, flow cytometric analysis, and the DNA fragmentation assay were performed on cells of the hippocampal cell line HiB5. Through the morphological and biochemical analyses, it was shown that HiB5 cells treated with H^2O^2 exhibit classical apoptotic features, while the occurrence of such changes is reduced in cells pre-treated with Wuyaoshunqyisan prior to H^2O^2 exposure.
( Je Hee Jang ),( Youn Jeong Kim ),( Jo Young Suh ),( Jin Woo Park ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2009 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.6 No.1
Recent studies have demonstrated the potential advantages of titanium(Ti) oxide layer with possibly bioactive surface composition in improving implant osseointegration. Phosphate ion is a major component of bioactive hydroxyapatite, but few studies have reported its osteoconductive properties. This study investigated the surface characteristics of a crystalline phosphate ion-incorporated Ti oxide(P-Ti) surface produced by hydrothermal treatment for future biomedical application. We evaluated osteoblast-like cell(MC3T3-E1) spreading and compared them with those of relatively smooth machined or micro-rough grit-blasted/etched surfaces. The surface characteristics were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), thin-film X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle measurement, and stylus profilometry. The morphologies of spread cells on different surfaces were evaluated by SEM observation. Hydrothermal treatment with H3PO4 produced a crystalline phosphate ion-incorporated oxide(Ti2O(PO4)2(H2O)2) surface approximately 5 ?m in thickness, which had needlelike surface microstructures, intermediate microroughness, and superior wettability compared with control surfaces. After immersion in Hank`s balanced salt solution, P-Ti surfaces showed considerable amount of apatite formation on their surfaces indicating their in vitro bioactivity. P-Ti surfaces promoted cell spreading, they showed the highest proportion of fully spread cells among investigated surfaces after 1 h of incubation. These results indicate in vitro osteoconductive properties of P-Ti surface.
Jang, Youn-Young,Cho, Duck,Kim, Sang-Ki,Shin, Dong-Jun,Park, Min-Ho,Lee, Je-Jung,Shin, Myung-Geun,Shin, Jong-Hee,Suh, Soon-Pal,Ryang, Dong-Wook Institute for Clinical Science] 2012 Annals of clinical and laboratory science Vol.42 No.1
<P>Several flow cytometric methods for measuring natural killer cell activity have been developed. Commonly used protocols involve the staining of target cells with various fluorescent dyes. However, these protocols are not applicable to certain experimental settings. Therefore, we used Calcein AM (CAM), which has been reported to be the most suitable dye for use in target cell staining protocols, as a means of developing an improved flow cytometry-based NK cytotoxicity assay involving effector cell staining. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated by gradient density centrifugation and expanded NK cells were used as effector cells. Cytotoxicity against K562 cells and several hematologic cancer cell lines was measured by a flow cytometry-based method using CAM and propidium iodide. The new assay was compared with a standard (51)Cr release assay (CRA) in terms of its ability to measure the cytotoxicity of NK cells in PBMCs and expanded NK cells against K562 cells. The optimal concentration of CAM for staining effector cells was 0.05 μM, and CAM fluorescence intensity in effector cells was maintained for 4 hours. CAM staining had no significant effect on NK cell activity in human PBMCs or expanded NK cells. Comparison of the CRA and this new assay using K562 cells revealed a good correlation (PBMCs, r = 0.894; expanded NK cells, r = 0.887). Distinct separation between target tumor cells (Daudi, Raji, RPMI8226, U266, U937, and K562 cells) and CAM-stained PBMCs (E:T ratio, 12.5:1 to 50:1) or expanded NK cells (E:T ratio, 0.5 to 4:1) was observed after incubation for 1 or 4 hours. In summary, we successfully developed an effective flow cytometry-based assay for assessing the activity of NK cells in PBMCs and expanded NK cells against K562 cells and various types of hematologic cancer cells.</P>