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Sound Analysis in an In Vitro Endotracheal Tube Model
( Young Sik Park ),( Young Wook Kee ),( Kwang Suk Park ),( Jin Woo Lee ),( Sang Min Lee ),( Jae Joon Yim ),( Chul Gyu Yoo ),( Young Whan Kim ),( Sung Koo Han ),( Seok Chul Yang1 ) 대한내과학회 2011 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.26 No.4
Background/Aims: Complete endotracheal tube obstruction is a medical emergency, and partial occlusion causes increased breathing rates and failure to wean off mechanical ventilation. Partial occlusion may be underestimated due to the lack of proper detection methods. We tested whether the sound of an endotracheal tube could be used to detect an endotracheal tube obstruction using an in vitro model. Methods: An endotracheal tube was connected to a ventilator on one end and a test lung on the other. Sounds were recorded with a microphone located inside the endotracheal tube via a connector. During mechanical ventilation, we changed the endotracheal tube internal diameter from 5.0 to 8.0 mm and different grades of obstruction at different sites were used along the tube. Sound energy was compared among the different conditions. Results: The energy of endotracheal tube sounds was positively correlated with the internal diameter and negatively correlated with the degree of obstruction. The rate of decline in energy differed with obstruction location. When the obstruction was more distal, the rate of decline in endotracheal sound energy was more rapid. Conclusions: Changes in the sound of an endotracheal tube can be used to detect an obstruction. Further studies are needed for clinical application.
미치광이풀 모상근 배양에서 Tropane Alkaloid 생산성 증진을 위한 최적 생물학적 엘리시터 선발
정희영,강승미,강영민,김용덕,양재경,정영관,최명석 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2003 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2003 No.-
Scopolamine and hyoscyamine which belong to tropane alkaloids are the pharmaceutically valuable anticholinergic drugs. In order to increase the productivities, the effects of elicitation were investigated during hairy root cultures of Scopolia parviflora. Biotic elicitors originated from 3 fungi and 1 yeast were prepared as homogenate and supernatant and added to 3-week-old cultures. Both of homogenate and supernatant of Candida albicans elicitors increased the scopolamine production. The production of hyoscyamine was enhanced by homogenate of Fusarium solani and supematant of C. albicans. Most of the other fungal elicitors were also improved on the tropane alkaloid production compared to non-treatment. Among the elicitors tested, C. albicans was proved the optimal biotic elicitor on tropane alkaloids production. These results will be served mass production of tropane alkaloids by large-scale production.
봉독약침이 류마티스 관절염 환자의 관절 통증, 종창 및 급성 염증 반응에 미치는 영향
이상훈,이현종,백용현,김수영,박재경,홍승재,양형인,김건식,이재동,최도영,이두익,이윤호 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-
Objective In order to study the effects of bee venom(BV) on the pain, edema, and acute inflammatory reactant of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients. Methods Patients with RA who met the ACR(American College of Rheumatology) 1987 revised criteria for the diagnosis of RA were treated with the BV therapy twice a week for 3 months. Tender Joint counts, swollen joint counts, Visual analog scale(VAS), morning stiffness, ESR. C-reactive protein(CRP) were analyzed before and after BV therapy. Results The results as follows. 1. Tender joint counts in patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(9.0±7.9 vs 15± 11.4, p=0.002). 2. Swollen joint counts of the patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(50±61 vs 15±23, p=0.001). 3. VAS in patients after BV therapy was significantly lower than those before BV therapy(608± 17.6 vs 380± 159, p=0.000). 4. Duration of morning stiffness in patients after BV therapy was significantly reduced compared with that before BV therapy(119.1± 112.6 min vs 59.0±89.7 min, p=0.009). 5. ESR and CRP were not significantly changed before and after BV therapy, suggesting BV itself could make inflammatory reaction as well as therapeutic effect. Conclusions BV therapy improved tender joint counts, swollen joint counts and duration of morning stiffness in this study, and further study is needed on long-term effect of BV therapy.
봉독약침이 류마티스 관절염 환자의 기능회복 및 삶의 질에 미치는 영향
이상훈,이현종,박상민,김수영,박재경,홍승재,양형인,이재동,최도영,김건식,이두익,이윤호 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-
Objective: To evaluate the effects of bee venom acupuncture(BVA) on the rehabilitation and quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients Methods: Patients with RA were treated with the BVA therapy twice a week for 3 months. Tender joint counts, swollen joint counts, morning stiffness, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate(ESR), C-reactive protein(CRP), patient global assessment, physician global assessment, Korean health assessment questionnaire(KHAQ) were estimated and analyzed before and after BVA therapy. Results: Tender joint counts, swollen joint counts, morning stiffness showed significant decrease after BVA therapy. But, as acute inflammatory reactants, ESR showed no significant difference and CRP showed significant increase after BVA therapy. Patient global assessment physician global assessment, and KHAQ index showed significant improvement after BVA therapy. Conclusions: BVA therapy can improve rehabilitation and health-related quality of life RA patients as well as clinical symptom and signs. Further study is required in more population with large scale including acute inflammatory reaction of BVA therapy.
연령대별 요추 추간판탈출증 환자의 요근과 척추주위근 단면적에 대한 분석
공덕현 ( Deok Hyun Kong ),배광호 ( Kwang Ho Bae ),고호연 ( Ho Yeon Go ),강명진 ( Myung Jin Kang ),김준수 ( Jun Su Kim ),양기영 ( Kee Young Yang ),이재훈 ( Jae Hoon Lee ),은영준 ( Young Jun Eun ) 한방재활의학과학회 2010 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.20 No.4
Objectives :This study was designed to evaluate the correlation of the cross-sectional areas(CSA) of paraspinalis(iliocostalis lumborum, multifidus, longissimus thoracis parts lumborum) and psoas muscle and sex, age, change of the VAS(visual analogue scale) and past history of chronic low back pain in patients suffering from HIVD(herniation of intervertebral disc). Methods :Medical records of 140 subjects with HIVD were retrospectively reviewed. The MRI(magnetic resonance imaging) findings on the patients were scanned and analyzed by PiView program to find the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and were evaluated by the correlation of sex, age, change of the VAS, and past history of chronic low back pain. Results :There was significant difference between groups in male and female, young-adults age and middle age, middle age and old age, young-adults age and old age. But the correlation of the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and past history of chronic low back pain were partially significant. On the other hand, the correlation of the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and change of the VAS were not significant. Conclusions :These results suggest that the cross-sectional areas(CSA) of paraspinalis and psoas muscle have relevance to sex and age.
RAPD법을 이용한 양파품종(Allium cepa L.)간의 유전변이와 유연관계분석
양보경,김도훈,이영병,남재성,정순재 동아대학교 농업생명과학연구소 2001 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.10 No.1
This study was carried out to investigate genetic variation and relationships among onion varieties, Allium cepa L., by RAPD-PCR analysis. In the test of 120 primers with 58 onion varieties collected from local and abroad, eight primers turned out to be useful for further analysis. These primers eventually provided a total of 71 bands, consisting of 68 polymorphic and three monomorphic ones. The polymorphic bands were subjected to phylogenetic analysis using NTSYS and PAUP computer programs. In the NTSYS analysis, similarity coefficient of the 58 onion varieties ranged from 0 to 0.9179 and that of 27 varieties with obvious origin ranged from 0.0306 to 0.9032, The dendrogram of 58 varieties obtained by NTSYS analysis resulted in 15 groups, but overall groupings were not consistent with bulb phenotypes (e.g., color, weight, and shape) or origin of the varieties either In the PAUP analysis, genetic divergence of the 58 onion varieties ranged from 0.042 to 0.532 and that of 27 varieties with obvious origin ranged from 0.042 to 0.394. Phylogenetic analysis using PAUP revealed 13 group with 58 varieties and nine group with 27 varieties, but these were not consistent with any bulb phenotypes or origin either, as seen in the NTSYS analysis.
Young‑Gil Jung,Wonseok Yang,Jae Ik Hyun,Shae K. Kim,Hyunkyu Lim,Do Hyang Kim 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.12
Three alloys (Mg–6Zn–1.2Y, Alloy I; Mg–3.65Zn–1.65Y, Alloy II; and Mg–4.3Zn–1.4Y, Alloy III) with same volume fractionand grain size were designed to evaluate the effects of the I-phase (Mg3Zn6Y) and W-phase (Mg3Zn3Y2), which are themajor phases in Mg–Zn–Y alloys, on the mechanical properties. The tensile strength of Alloy I with the I-phase at roomtemperature was the highest among the tested alloys because the coherent interface between the I-phase and the α-Mg phasewas more resistant to cracking than the incoherent interface between the W-phase and the α-Mg phase. A cross-sectionalmicrostructure analysis of a sample that was tensile-tested at 423 K revealed that the morphology of the I-phase remainedrelatively stable. In contrast, the W-phase was broken and fragmented during the tensile test at 423 K because it had higherbrittleness under the test conditions. Therefore, the tensile and creep properties of Alloy I at 423 K were better than thoseof Alloys II and III containing the W-phase. According to the results, the I-phase in the Mg-Zn-Y alloy was more beneficialto the mechanical properties at room temperature and 423 K than the W-phase.
Li 화합물을 첨가한 CaSO₄:Dy 열중성자 측정용 TLD 소자 개발
양정선,김두영,박재우,김장렬,장시영 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 2003 연구보고 Vol.17 No.-
Personal neutron dosimetry is quite a difficult area because a neutron is always accompanied with gamma radiation, which is required of a capability for mixed field dosimetry. CaSO₄:Dy phosphor is known to have a very high sensitivity to gamma, but the neutron capture cross section of the constituents of CaSO₄:Dy are so small that the interactions between the thermal neutron and the phosphor are rare. One method to improve the neutron interaction is by introducing an impurity ion with a large thermal neutron captures cross section into the phosphor to act as a neutron target centre such as 6Li. In neutron-gamma mixed radiation fields, if two detectors for the 6Li-7Li compounds embedded CaSO₄:Dy TL pellets are used, a 6Li-compound embedded pellet can detect the neutron and gamma radiation together, and the other pellet can only detect the gamma radiation. Recently Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KEARI) has developed a new type of CaSO₄:Dy TL materials embedded with phosphorous (KCT-300) to detect beta and gamma radiation with a very high sensitivity[1]. This paper presents the development of CaSO₄:Dy TL pellets embedded with 6Li compound for a thermal neutron measurement, and the detection method of the neutron and gamma dose in mixed fields with CaSO₄:Dy TL pellets embedded with a 6Li compound(KCT-306) and CaSO₄:Dy TL pellets embedded with a 7Li compound(KCT-307) is introduced. The net neutron sensitivity of CaSO₄:Dy TL pellets embedded with 6Li compound developed in this study is higher than that of the TLD-600 (Harshaw Co.) dosimeter which is available in the open market.