The Balkan Armies at the End of the Cold War

ISAKOVIC,Zlatko THE INSTITUTE OF EAST AND WEST STUDIES YONSEI UNIV 1994 Global economic review Vol.23 No.1

Research on military forces(military burden, numbers of soldiers and related phenomenon) is usually based on some relevant characteristics of certain regions, states or areas, and in this case it seems to be the significant political and economical composition of the Balkans before the end of the cold war. The stability of the Balkans at that time was achieved through the so-called '2+2+2' formula(Greece and Turkey were NATO members, Romania and Bulgaria belonged to the Warsaw Pact, Yugoslavia was a non-aligned country, while Albania was in self- proclaimed isolation). Both super-powers with their military and political alliances, and the Balkan states themselves were interested in keeping the Balkan stability. Turkey, Greece, Yugoslavia, and Albania, from the economic point of view, were developing countries, and Romania and Bulgaria were among the group of developed. This complex composition of the Balkans requires a rather complicated research methodology. Comparisons could be made between the Balkan states, on one side, as well as with other groups of states, on the other side. For this purpose, some standards ("average levels")could be made for Warsaw Pact members(except the Soviet Union, who was a non-typical member- super-power), for European NATO members (again, North American members do not seem to be typical members), for developing, and for developed states, and, at the end, for all states of the world. Mentioned standards should be applied on a data base from which previously data for the Balkan states, had been excluded, and then compared with the Balkan state' standards or as mentioned above, average levels. Comparisons could be made for two categories of indicators or data: data for military burden and data for armed forces per 1,000people, and results of some related research attempts could be presented. Comparisons could be performed two times: for 1987(two years before the end of the cold war) and for 1989(the year when the cold war finished in Malta).At the end, some selected and incomplete data for the year 1992 that are related to the war on some parts of the territory of ex-Yugoslavia.

Fate of partial order on trillium and distorted windmill lattices

Isakov, Sergei V.,Hopkinson, John M.,Kee, Hae-Young American Physical Society 2008 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.78 No.1

Bose-Hubbard model on a star lattice

Isakov, Sergei V.,Sengupta, K.,Kim, Yong Baek American Physical Society 2009 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.80 No.21

<P>We analyze the Bose-Hubbard model of hardcore bosons with nearest-neighbor hopping and repulsive interactions on a star lattice using both quantum Monte Carlo simulation and dual vortex theory. We obtain the phase diagram of this model as a function of the chemical potential and the relative strength of hopping and interaction. In the strong-interaction regime, we find that the Mott phases of the model at 1/2 and 1/3 fillings, in contrast to their counterparts on square, triangular, and kagome lattices, are either translationally invariant resonant valence bond (RVB) phases with no density-wave order or have coexisting density-wave and RVB orders. We also find that upon increasing the relative strength of hopping and interaction, the translationally invariant Mott states undergo direct second-order superfluid-insulator quantum phase transitions. We compute the critical exponents for these transitions and argue using the dual vortex picture that the transitions, when approached through the tip of the Mott lobe, belong to the inverted XY universality class.</P>

From a Cold War to a Peacetime Economy in Central-Eastern Europe : Problems of Conversion of Military Production

Isakovic, Zlatko THE INSTITUTE OF EAST AND WEST STUDIES YONSEI UNIV 1993 Global economic review Vol.22 No.1

The Cold War had been a specific and relatively long lasting situation in international relations, characterized-besides the other phenomenon-by an intensive arms race between the superpowers and their allies. One of two superpowers(USSR), and big majorities of their allies are European countries and the most of the territory of Europe was divided by the members of NATO and the Warsaw Pact(the border was named "the Iron Curtain"). Europe was, and probably still is the main or one of two main world production centers and arsenals of arms. In comparison with the peacetime situation in the same countries, war economies are often more strictly regulated by the states, competition is restricted and cooperation is not so freely established. The history of Communism-especially some parts of it-shows that in peacetime "the entire economy functioned in much the same way as the military industrial comples in the West.

Real World Effectiveness of Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) for 8 weeks in Patients Coinfected with HCV and HIV-1

( Peter Buggisch ),( Ana Moreno ),( Vasily Isakov ),( Lisa Backus ),( Dani Ain ),( Peter Ruane ),( Juan Gonzalez ),( Sooji Lee ),( Sarjita Naik ),( Swarup Mehta ),( Jina Lee ),( Michael Mertens ),( Ma 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: The AASLD/IDSA/IAS-USA Guidance and EASL Recommendations on Treatment of Hepatitis C state that HIV/HCV coinfection should be treated the same as HCV monoinfection with careful monitoring of antiretrovirals. Real world cohorts (RWC) have demonstrated excellent efficacy of LDV/SOF for 8weeks in HCV monoinfected patients. The aim of this study was to describe the effectiveness of the STR of LDV/SOF for 8 weeks in HCV GT 1 patients with HIV/HCV coinfection in RWC. Methods: Real world effectiveness data of LDV/SOF for 8weeks in HIV/HCV coinfection is emerging from multiple cohorts. In this descriptive analysis, data from two prospective studies, one investigator- sponsored, 1 registrational trial, and three retrospective RWC of LDV/SOF for 8weeks in HIV/HCV co-infected patients were compared. The prospective trials include data from Ain et al (investigator sponsored) and Isakov et al (registrational trial). The RWC include the Deutsches Hepatitis C-Register, Madrid Coinfection Registry (Madrid-CoRe), and Veterans Affairs HCV Registry. Baseline characteristics and efficacy were analyzed. Results: The majority of the 279 patients included in this descriptive analysis were GT1, treatment naive (TN), noncirrhotic (NC), and had a HCV viral load <6million. The prospective cohorts enrolled 79 patients with the following baseline characteristics: mean age (43 years), male (74%), white (78%), and GT1a (55%). The RWC studies assessed enrolled 200 patients with the following overall baseline characteristics: mean age (53 years) male (79%), white (98%), and GT1a (82%) in those that reported demographics. The overall SVR12 from five diverse real world and post-marketing cohorts was 94% (263/279). The individual study results are presented in Table 1. Conclusions: This analysis of diverse cohorts from the EU and US yielded high SVR rates similar to SVR rates seen in multiple RW moninfected cohorts and supports the use of 8 weeks of LDV/SOF in TN, NC GT 1 HIV/HCV coinfected patients with a baseline HCV viral load <6 million.

Superfluid-insulator transitions of bosons on the kagome lattice at noninteger fillings

Sengupta, K.,Isakov, S. V.,Kim, Yong Baek American Physical Society 2006 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.73 No.24

Efficacy and Safety of Ombitasvir, Paritaprevir/Ritonavir, and Dasabuvir without Ribavirin in Patients with HCV Genotype 1b: Pooled Analysis

( Welzel Tm ),( Isakov V ),( Trinh R ),( Streinu-cercel A ),( Dufour J-f ),( Marinho Rt ),( Moreno C ),( Liu L ),( Xie W ),( Tatsch F ),( Shulman Ns ),( Craxi A ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: Ombitasvir (OBV), paritaprevir with the pharmacokinetic enhancer ritonavir (PTV/r), and dasabuvir (DSV) without ribavirin (RBV) has demonstrated sustained virologic response at 12 weeks post-treatment (SVR12) rates of 99-100% in HCV GT1b-infected patients without cirrhosis. In GT1b-infected patients with cirrhosis, OBV/PTV/r + DSV with RBV for 12 weeks achieved an SVR12 rate of 98.5%. Regimens with RBV are associated with higher rates of adverse events (AEs), primarily anaemia, and a higher pill burden. This post hoc, pooled analysis from 5 Phase 3/3b trials investigated the efficacy and safety of the RBV-free, 12-week regimen of OBV/PTV/r + DSV among HCV GT1b-infected patients with or without compensated cirrhosis. Methods: Data for patients treated without RBV in 5 trials (GT1b-infected patients with cirrhosis: TURQUOISE-III; GT1b-infected patients without cirrhosis: PEARL-II, PEARL-III, TOPAZ-II, MALACHITE-I) were pooled and patients were characterised by the presence or absence of compensated cirrhosis at baseline. Treatment-naive and pegylated interferon/RBV-experienced patients were included in the analysis population. Efficacy and safety were assessed in all patients. Comparisons of safety outcomes between groups were analysed using Fisher’s exact test. Results: The pooled analysis included 60 patients with cirrhosis and 521 patients without cirrhosis: 62% and 48% were male, 87% and 91% were white, and 45% and 74% were treatment-naive, respectively. SVR12 with OBV/PTV/r + DSV for 12 weeks was 100% (60/60) and 99% (515/521) in patients with and without cirrhosis, respectively. Three patients without cirrhosis experienced virologic failure. Treatment-emergent AEs and laboratory abnormalities are provided in the following table. Conclusions: In HCV GT1b-infected patients, SVR12 rates with the RBV-free, 12-week regimen of OBV/PTV/r + DSV were very high in patients with and without compensated cirrhosis (100% and 99%). Treatment was well tolerated, with no discontinuations due to an AE, and there were low rates of serious AEs and grade 3/4 laboratory abnormalities.

Implementation of a macro model to predict seismic response of RC structural walls

Matej Fischinger,Tatjana Isakovic,Peter Kante 한국계산역학회 2004 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.1 No.2

A relatively simple multiple-vertical-line-element macro model has been incorporated into a standard computer code DRAIN-2D. It was used in blind predictions of seismic response of cantilever RC walls subjected to a series of consequent earthquakes on a shaking table. The model was able to predict predominantly flexural response with relative success. It was able to predict the stiffness and the strength of the pre-cracked specimen and time-history response of the highly nonlinear wall as well as to simulate the shift of the neutral axis and corresponding varying axial force in the cantilever wall. However, failing to identify the rupture of some brittle reinforcement in the third test, the model was not able to predict post-critical, near collapse behaviour during the subsequent response to two stronger earthquakes. The analysed macro model seems to be appropriate for global analyses of complex building structures with RC structural walls subjected to moderate/strong earthquakes. However, it cannot, by definition, be used in refined research analyses monitoring local behaviour in the post critical region.

Therapeutic vitamin delivery: Chemical and physical methods with future directions

Rejinold, N. Sanoj,Kim, Hye Kyoung,Isakovic, Abdel F.,Gater, Deborah L.,Kim, Yeu-Chun Elsevier 2019 Journal of controlled release Vol.298 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Vitamins are a diverse group of “life nourishing” molecules that are essential for proper childhood development, and for maintaining health throughout adulthood into old age. Vitamin supplementation is an important strategy for reducing the severe and chronic effects of malnutrition in subsets of the population of the developing world. Additionally, the precise role of many vitamins in certain conditions, including cancer and cardiovascular disease, remains an area of active research, although guidelines for vitamin supplementation in otherwise adequately nourished populations remain controversial. This review describes vitamin delivery methods and techniques, focusing on the most recent advances and novel approaches. Specific attention has been given to physical methods and novel formulations for delivery with an emphasis on reporting pros and cons of each technique and highlighting future directions. Of particular interest is the potential for transdermal delivery of certain vitamins, which is an approach that may provide advantages in some populations (e.g. for vitamin D), but that still requires considerable additional research and clinical validation.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Fucoidans from Brown Seaweeds Sargassum hornery, Eclonia cava, Costaria costata: Structural Characteristics and Anticancer Activity

Ermakova, S.,Sokolova, R.,Kim, S. M.,Um, B. H.,Isakov, V.,Zvyagintseva, T. HUMANA PRESS INC 2011 Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Vol.164 No.6