자동 위치 조회시스템을 이용한 차량운송계획모델

황흥석,조규성 한국경영과학회 2000 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.2

물류시스템설계 및 개선의 일환으로 차량운송계획 문제는 매우 중요시되는 분야이다. 본 연구는 유전자 알고리즘을 이용한 통합물류 운송계획문제(Integrated Vehicle Routing Problem : IVRP)를 위한 전산화 모델의 개발로서 운송 중인 차량의 자동위치 조회시스템(Automatic Vehicle Location System ; AVL)을 이용하여 차량운송의 통제기능을 높이며, 차량운송 효율을 높이는 목적으로 VRP문제와 AVL문제를 연계하는 통합운송시스템의 개념 연구이다. 본 연구에서는 다-물류센터를 고려한 운송 영역할당(Sector Clustering), 경로계획 문제(VRP) 및 유전자 알고리즘을 이용한 운송순서 계획(GA-TSP)을 고려한 통합운송계획모델의 개발을 목적으로 차량의 운송간의 통신 및 통제 등의 기능을 위하여 위치 추적을 가진 GPS와 통신시스템을 위한 TRS 및 위치 설정을 위한 GIS를 고려하였다. 본 연구에서의 AVL 시스템 개발을 위한 GPS, GIS 및 TRS 등 AVL시스템의 구성요소에 대하여 그 개요를 조사 연구하였다. 또한 GPS, GIS을 기반으로한 물류시스템의 구성과 시스템에 필요한 기능 및 구성요소를 파악하고 서브 시스템을 구성하여 각 서브 시스템의 기본설계를 실시하기 위한 연구이다.

한국중소기업의 현황과 발전 방안

황규일 남서울대학교 경영연구센타 2003 경영연구 Vol.5 No.-

중소기업은 국가경쟁력의 원천으로서 국가경제에 미치는 영향력이 매우 크다. 그러나 우리나라 중소기업은 내 ·외적인 환경이 매우 어려운 실정에 처해있다. 내적으로는 양적인 기술투자의 미비, 재무구조 취약 그리고 인력의 부족으로 경쟁에서 매우 불리한 상황에 놓여 있다. 외적으로는 급속한 정보화의발전, 경기변동에 대응력 부족 아울러, 지리적으로 가까운 중국의 급부상으로 인하여 수출경쟁에서 경쟁력을 잃어 가고 있는 안타까운 현실에 직면에 있다. 본 연구는 우리나라의 중소기업의 현황을 알아보고. 중소기업의 당면과제와 문제점이 무엇인지 조사하여보려고 한다. 또한 중소기업이 앉고있는 당면과제를 해결할 발전방안을 어떠한 것이 있는지 제시하여 보고자 한다. Small and medium sized enterprises have leading role as a national competitiveness. eut Korean small and medium sized companies are placed on bad surroundings to have business activity. Those are placed in invest a low amount, bad condition of finance and insufficiency of manpower. In addition, those can't cope with the economic fluctuation and can't satisfy rapid growth E-Business situation. The emergence of China has a results that Korean small businesses are results in inferior state of export competitiveness in price. This paper is intended as an investigation of the present state and issue of Korean small sized companies and is to show implication of development

상상 속의 죄:『로저 맬빈의 매장』

황규룡 현대영미어문학회 1999 현대영미어문학 Vol.17 No.1

In the breast of Reuben an incommunicable thought-something which he was to conceal most heedfully from her whom he most loved and trusted. He regretted, deeply and bitterly, the moral cowardice that had restrained his words when he was about to disclose the truth to Dorcas. Reuben Bourne felt that for leaving Roger calvin he deserved no censure. His presence, the gratuitous sacrifice of his own life, would have added only another and a needless agony to the last moments of dying man; but concealment had imparted to a justifiable act much of the secret effect of guilt; and Reuben, while reason told him that he had done right, experienced in no small degree the mental horrors which Punish the perpetrator of undiscovered crime. By a certain association of ideas, he at times almost imagined himself a murderer. His one secret thought became like a. chain binding down his spirit and like a serpent gnawing into his heart; and he was transformed into a sad and downcast yet irritable Ran. "Roger Malvin's Burial" makes a sacrificial death the means of redemption, echoing, as it does so, both the Abraham and Isaac story and the story of Christ; but the rational clarity of allegory is wholly lacking in the tale, and it would be unwise to claim orthodoxy for Hawthorne on the basis of it. Reuben's sin was expiated-the curse was gone from him; and in the hour when he had shed blood dearer to him than his own, a prayer, the first for years, went up to Heaven from the lips of Reuben Bourne.

泰國의 10月革命과 「싼야」課渡政府에 관한 硏究

黃圭姬 부산외국어대학 1985 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

블리딩저감용 AE감수제의 개발 및 실용성 검토

황인성,장덕우,김규동,이승훈,한천구 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2

This study is intended to develop AE water reducing agent for reduction of bleeding and investigate its practical use. According to the results, fluidity and air content increases with an increase of superplasticizer and MC viscosity agent, AE water reducing agent for reduction of bleeding is developed after determining the ratio of superplasticizer and MC viscosity agent as 3:1 to satisfy the same fluidity and air content to conventional concrete and reduce bleeding amount. As the adding ratio of developed AE water reducing agent for reduction of bleeding increases, fluidity also increases, air content satisfies the aimed range, bleeding and sinking amount of concrete are reduced, and compressive strength is almost not different from plain concrete. Therefore, developed AE water reducing agent for reduction of bleeding satisfies the aimed air content in the range of slump 12~21cm, and can also reduce bleeding amount effectively without quality deterioration of compressive strength.

다 속성의사결정 방법을 이용한 자체생산 및 외주 결정모델

황흥석,조규성 동의대학교 산업기술개발연구소 2001 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.15 No.-

This paper is concerned with the make-or-buy decision model for manufacturing systems. For the purpose of considering the multi-attribute in the decision making, We used two-step approach such as : in the first step, we used the multi-attribute analysis method using AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) and in the second step we used fuzzy set ranking methodologies to integrate the special decision problems; those of multi-objective, multi-criterion, and multi-attribute. We have proposed a procedure for the comparative judgement and priority for make-or-buy decision and also for the optimal resource allocation. First the rank-ordered priority lists of the projects are determined based on the AHP, then the aggregate fuzzy set rank order was computed. Finally, we have developed a systematic and practical program for simple and easy calculation of all the algorithms. It is found that the model validated by comparative computations in various make-or-buy example problems in manufacturing system.

泰國의 「싹디나」 制度에 관한 小考

黃圭姬,金洪九 부산 외국어 대학교 1987 外大論叢 Vol.5 No.1

The bureaucratic and authoritative orientation in the days of old-one of the political culture's characteristic in Thailand-was theSakdina system. Owing to the lack of historical records, we couldn't get out this system exactly. But it seemed to be settled by King Boromtrilokanat in the first Ayuthya period. At that time, the king couldn't govern all the provinces far from his own capital because of inconvenient travel and communication. So the king nominated a favorite and an ableman as a lord of the each province. The king donated lands to the bureaucrats and nobilities for salaries. They were given the right not only to possess the land, but also to manage the residents and all products in that territories. If they resigned from office or died, they should return the territories to the king. It differed from the european manor system. At Ayuthya period, the king who was a leader of the all people sustained the absolute monachy by theSakdina system. This system was fit for the political, economic and social benefits of the ruling classes. In view of political aspect, Sakdina system was carried out as political standard to protect the security of the king and noble classes to suppress the lower classes-Phrai-. It was a moment to obstruct the understanding between two classes. In economic aspect, it enabled the ruling classes to amass wealth, because they owned the land,. And the land was essentially important for production in agricultural society. So this system had to depend on the labor of Phrai. In social aspect, Sakdina system formed the pyramidal social classes-the class of king, royal family, nobility, commoner- and slave-. Thus it was patron-client relationship. Sakdina system was disappeared after the year of 1932 constitutional monarchy, but the ruling classes-Munnai cluture-and the lower classes-Phrai culture-still remained in Thai society. Thai people still respect the social standing of king and higher classes "chaonai" under the liberty and equality of the democratic system.

2종 전자근관장측정기의 일관성에 관한 in vitro 연구

황규용,노병덕,김의성,이승종 大韓齒科保存學會 2008 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.33 No.1

정확한 근관장 측정은 성공적인 근관치료를 위해 필수적이다. Kuttler는 근관협착부는 주근단공에서 0.5 mm 상방에 위치한다고 하였고 Lee는 상아백악질경계점부위보다 주근단공이 재현성이 높고 임상적으로 관찰하기 용이하다고 보고하였다. 본 연구는 alginate model상에서 2개의 전자근관장측정기를 사용하여 얻은 측정치의 정확성(accuracy)을 평가하고 각각 0.5 mark와 Apex mark중에서 어느 지점에서 더 일관성(consistency)을 보이는지를 비교하고 또한 근관장을 측정할 때 파일을 전진시키면서 Apex mark를 측정한 값과 치근단부위를 지나친 후 다시 후퇴하면서 측정한 값의 차이를 비교하고자 하였다. 52개의 발거된 건전한 제 1, 2소구치를 대상으로 하였으며 Root ZX와 E-Magic Finder Deluxe를 이용하여 각각 26개중 13개는 파일을 전진하면서 0.5 mark에서 근관장을 측정하고 Apex mark에서 근관장을 측정한 후 0.5 mark에서 고정하였다. 나머지 13개는 0.5 mark에서 근관장을 측정한 후 Apex mark에서 근관장을 측정하고 다시 치근단 부위를 넘어선 후 후퇴하면서 Apex mark에서 근관장을 측정하고 고정한 후 치근단부 4 mm를 삭제하여 현미경상에서 파일 끝부터 주근단공까지의 거리를 측정하였다. 그 결과 Root ZX와 E-Magic Finder 모두, 실험군 100%에서 주근단공과 file tip간의 거리가 임상적 허용범위인 ± 0.5 mm 내에 있었으며 0.5 mark보다 Apex mark에서 더 높은 일관성을 보였다. 주근단공에서 file tip 사이의 거리는 Root ZX의 0.5 mark에서 -0.18 mm, Apex mark에서 -0.07 mm 이고 E-Magic Finder의 0.5 mark에서 -0.25 mm, Apex mark에서 -0.02 mm를 나타내었다. Apex band는 0.04 mm였다. 따라서 Alginate model을 사용한 본 실험조건에서는 Apex mark에서 근관장을 측정한 결과 거의 주근단공과 일치하고 다른 여러 연구에서 주근단공에서 0.5 mm 상방에 근관협착부가 위치한다고 보고하였으므로 임상적인 측면에서 Apex mark에서 측정한 근관장에서 0.5 mm 를 빼서 근관장으로 사용하는 것이 임상적으로 더 좋으리라고 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the consistency of two electronic apex locators in vitro model. Materials consisted of fifty two extracted premolars and two electronic apex locators: Root ZX (J.Morita. Osaka, Japan) and E-Magic Finder Deluxe (S-Denti, Cheonan, Korea). After access preparation, the teeth were embedded in a saline-mixed alginate model. Canal lengths of each tooth were measured at "0.5" and "Apex" mark of the apex locators, respectively so that each tooth had two measurements from 0.5 and Apex points. The file was fixed at final measurement using a glass ionomer cement. The apical 4 mm from the apex was exposed to measure the distance from the file tip to the major apical foramen of each tooth. Average distances and standard deviations were used to evaluate the consistency. Results showed that all measurements of both Root ZX and E-Magic Finder located the major foramen the range of ± 0.5 mm level. Both apex locators showed better consistency at Apex mark than at 0.5 mark. The average distance of file tip-major foramen was - 0.18 mm at 0.5 mark and - 0.07 mm at Apex mark in Root ZX, - 0.25 mm at 0.5 mark and - 0.02 mm at Apex mark in E-Magic Finder. Standard deviation was 0.21 at 0.5 mark and 0.12 at Apex mark in Root ZX, 0.12 at 0.5 mark and 0.09 at Apex mark in E-Magic Finder.

硬化條件 變更을 통한 浴槽 및 洗面器 生産性向上 事例硏究

황규일,이재하 남서울대학교 경영연구센터 2001 경영연구 Vol.3 No.-

In the hardening process of cultured marble bath-tub and wash-basin, it is important to maintain an average temperature condition. That is why that quality of cultured marble product is settled by the accurate temperature condition. This paper focus on hardening way to improve productivity of cultured marble products. And new hardening way which is used infrared rays is introduced. New way apply tube-heater in hardening the marble products. According to the example of 'D' company, excellency of this way is established.

교과교육과정 구성에서의 폭과 깊이 문제 : Contexts and Meaning

황규호 한국교육과정학회 2003 교육과정연구 Vol.21 No.3

이 연구는 교육과정 편성에서 제기되는 폭(breadth)과 깊이(depth) 사이의 균형 문제를 검토하는 데에 목적이 있다. 이 연구에서는 폭과 깊이의 문제가 부각되는 맥락을, 상이한 여러 과목들 사이의 균형 이수에 관한 맥락과, 한 과목 안에서의 여러 학습 영역 사이의 균형 학습에 관한 맥락으로 구분하고 이 중 후자에 맥락에서 폭과 깊이의 의미가 무엇이며 둘 사이의 균형과 관련된 쟁점이 무엇인지를 검토하였다. 전자에서 제기되는 폭과 깊이의 문제가 전인적 성장과 전문성 신장 사이의 대립으로서 바람직한 교육적으로 더 유의미하며 이를 위해서는 어떤 종류의 학습 경험을 제공해 주어야 할 것인가에 관한 문제라고 볼 수 있다. 특히 후자의 맥락에서는 폭과 깊이의 문제를 해석하기 위한 양적 관점과 질적 관점을 비교하였는데, 폭과 깊이의 문제를 학습 내용 항목의 개수 조정 문제로 보는 양적인 관점의 문제점을 지적하고 이보다는 깊이 있는 학습경험의 의미를 이른바 단편적 지식의 암기위주교육과는 질적으로 성격이 다른 학습 경험으로 규정하는 질적인 관점에서 이해할 필요가 있음을 논의하였다. The balance between breadth and depth is one of the perplexing issues in curriculum development arguments, and the issue is often raised in recent national curriculum revision in Korea. However, it is not quite clear what are the major controversies the issue raises, or what do the words of breadth and depth mean in curriculum arguments. The reason may be that these terms are basically ordinary languages rather than academic concepts, and thus are often used metaphorically meaning many different things in various contexts. The purpose of this study is to identify various contexts in which the issue is raised, and to clarify the meanings of the balance between breadth and depth in curriculum arguments. In the first context, the issue is raised with the question of what subjects should be required as compulsory subjects. On the one side, it is argued that more broad subjects need to be included in the compulsory curriculum if we want to educate students as a whole person rather than to train them around narrow subjects areas. On the other side, they argue that the number of compulsory subjects need to be minimized if we want to fully respect individual differences of interests and talents. It is also argued that the future society requires more experts rather than generally or broadly educated all-rounded person. In this context, the issue of breadth and depth is about our conception of the educated person, and the meanings are defined in terms of the number of the subjects that individual students learn. In the second context, the issue of breadth and depth is raised with a critical concern to the so called rote learning of mere facts. They argue that one of the reasons that cause such an inappropriate phenomenon is that subjects curriculum often covers too broad contents areas, preventing opportunities for deep understanding or learning to learn. In this context, the issue is about what should be the educationally meaningful contents of subjects curriculum, and in this context, people usually argues for the depth rather than the breadth. However, the problem here is that the meaning of depth is not quite clear. I examined two possible interpretations of the meaning of depth of knowledge: quantitative and qualitative. In the quantitative interpretation, the relation between depth and breadth is conceived as inverse proportion-the broader areas are covered, the less-deep shallow understanding is achieved. However, in this interpretation, even if we reduce the number of topics to be learned, those remaining topics may still be taught as 'mere fads'. Thus we need a qualitative interpretation in which the differences between breadth and depth of learning are defined as differences in kind rather than in number of topics or facts. When we accept this qualitative interpretation, we need to concentrate to clarify what are the natures of meaningful educational contents, and what are the key characteristics of the state of authentic learning.