음낭외상시 초음파 촬영술의 유용성

김형지,진정환,이해원,이길호 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Background: Testicular rupture is a surgical emergency which command immediate repair. If surgery is delayd, a hematoma causes severe pain and loss of spermatogenesis as well as hormonal functions. Scrotal ultrasonography has been helpful in early diagnosis of testicular rupture. But disadvantage of ultrasonography include a relatively low signal-to-noise level, tissue nonspecificity, lack of contrast media, a small field of view, and dependence on the operators skill and the patients physique. Also the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity or specificity of scrotal ultrasonography was variable in regard to authors. And so, a diagnostic accuracy of scrotal ultrasonography was evaluated in scrotal trauma. Methods·. We reviewed 38 patients of scrotal trauma from May, 1994 to March, 1998. 6 patients were treated conservatively fellowing sonography and 10 patients treated only surgical exploration without ultasonography Surgical exploration was performed in 22 case, which were evaluated by ultasound before surgical treatment. In a such 22 cases, diagnostic accuracy of scrotal ultasonography was evaluated. Results: We compared ultrasound before treatment with surgical exploration finding in a such 22 cases. The ultrasonographic features in 7(31.8%) out of 22 cases, which showed testicular ruptured, but surgical exploration revealed testicular rupture in5 and epididymal rupture in 1, simple hematocele in 1. In 15(68.2%) out of 22cases the simple hematocele was diagnosed by ultrasonography, but surgical finding feature in of the 7 cases revealed testicular rupture, epididymal rupture in 1, simple hematocele in 7. The sensitivity and specificity for the ultrasonography are 42.9% and 87.5%, and the positive and negative predictive values are 86.5%and 46.7%, respectively. Ultrasonography is low sensitive in identifying testicular rupture. Conclusion: 7trasonography include a relatively low signal-to-noise level, tissue nonspecificity, lack of contrast media, a small field of view, and dependence on the operators skill and the patients physique. Therefore, early surgical exploration for saving the testis should be performed that sonographically by seeing hypoehoic peripheral lesions and disappearance of normal ovoid form of testis, hematocele in scrotal sac.

죽음 준비교육이 일 노인복지관 노인들의 죽음불안, 태도 및 생활만족도에 미치는 영향

김형철,최길순,정영 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.3

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to find out the level of death-anxiety, death-attitude and life-satisfaction of elderly's before and after offering a education program about how to die. Method: The subjects were sampled from the members of the Elderly Welfare Center in Gwangju Park. Total number was 148, 74 for the control group and 74 for the experimental group. The study was carried out after a non-equivalent pretest-posttest design. Data were collected from July 7th to August 23, 2004. The How-to-Die education was applied only to the experimental group for 50 minutes weekly, for 8 weeks. Results: 1) The fear of deathCt=4.631, p=.000) , avoidance react to death(t=1.987, p=.048) were significantly decreased in the experimental group. 2) The time and way of deathCt=3.101, p=.002), handling a dead bodyCt=-3.583, p=.000) were significantly increased in the experimental group. 3) The extent of life-satisfaction of the experimental group was significantly increased after the education(t=2.306, p=0.023). Conclusion: From the above results, the How-to-Die education for the elderly is an effective nursing intervention to decrease the level of death-anxiety, increase the level of death-attitude and life satisfaction.

만성 주정중독자의 뇌전산화 단층촬영 소견

김형동,김종길,오민웅 大韓神經精神醫學會 1984 신경정신의학 Vol.23 No.2

Authors studied the degree of atrophy of alcoholics by measuring ventricle size, cortical sulci size and bifrontal cerebroventricular index. Subjects were consisted of 34 chronic alcoholics and the control group of 25 non-alcoholic neurotics, who were treated at the Department of Neuropsychiatry at Maryknoll Hospital from Mar. 1, 1982 to Aug. 8, 1983. The results were as follows: 1. Cerebral atrophy was found among 24 cases(70.6%) of chronic alcoholics. However, only 1 case of cerebral atrophy was found among the control group. 2. For chronic alcoholics sulci was 6.64±1.48mm, ventricle size was 17.14±2.37mm and the bifrontal cerebroventricular index was 35.6±5.3%, which suggested statistically significant cerebral atrophy, as compared to the control group(p<0.05).

갑상선 기능항진증에 수반된 조증 1례

김형동,허민,오민웅,김종길 大韓神經精神醫學會 1983 신경정신의학 Vol.22 No.3

The authors experienced a case of mania associated with hyperthyroidism at the Neuropsychiatric Dept. of Maryknoll General Hospital in May, 1982. We observed that this case met the criteria for secondary mania by Krauthammer and Klerman. Manic symptoms disappeared after propylthiouracil and neuroleptic treatment, but amnesia of the manic episode remainded until discharge. We thought that this condition was rare in Korea worth a case report together with an uptodate review of literature.

TV광고의 문제점과 합리화 방안에 관한 연구

김형길 제주대학 기업경영연구소 1985 經營論集 Vol.9 No.1

Recently advertisement came to include not only a means of marketing for the continuance and development of enterprise, but both the function of national economy maintaining mass production and social function of protecting consumers. So far the advertising industry in Korea has grown rapidly with the economic development and even in 1983 the total outlay for advertisement amounted to 565.3 billon won equivalent to 1.0 per cent of the GNP, and an outlay for only TV advertisement In this paper, we intended first with literature to examine the developing process and characteristics of Korean TV ads, one of the advertising media which have the greatest influence on consumers, and to showan effective device for the operation of the enterprise's advertising media and a device for improvement on the problems of TV ads in terms of the positive analysis of the consumers'attitude toward the TV ads. It is true that TV ads can provide consumers with necessary inforrnation, make the mass sales possible, reduce the price of goods and perform the right functions of amusement and education. It is also true that the TV ads are criticised since they can foster consumption and luxury, particularly produce an evil influence on children and deceive consumers with their falsehood and exaggeration. Much the same is true of the positive analysis in practical Research of the consumers in Cheju. That is, it showed the affirmative responses to the TV ads in that they provide information and amusement. But it showed the negative responses such as the number of frequency of the TV ads, the falsehood and exaggeration, overuses of the foreign language, and the stimuli of impulse purchasing. It is suggested that the TV ads get out of the evil level in the socio-economic point of view and instead they should be consumer- oriented and matured in quality by enhancing the communicating effect, reducing waste and providing correct information. It is also suggested that there should be the spread of self- imposed control, the upbringing of ad- agents and experts on ads, and the governmental support for ad-policy.

관동맥 우회로술 중 경식도 심초음파도로 관찰한 도부타민 투여후와 우회로술후의 좌심실 국소벽운동

김희열,김종진,윤호중,유기동,박지원,이길환,노태호,채장성,김재형,홍순조,최규보 대한순환기학회 1997 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.27 No.8

消費者이미지에 관한 硏究

金炯吉 제주대학교 1986 논문집 Vol.22 No.2

Throughout the years, products and services have tended to become more and more standardized. Most significant product differentiations can be quickly copied by competition, and consumers cannot distinguish an objective basis among many products or services in combatting this sameness of products and services, many marketers have come to turn to the development of business images. It is the result of recent researches that makes the business image favorable enugh to increase consumers' confidence in the products and their predisoosition to purchase. Consumer images may be defined as a mental picture formed by people concerning a product, service, brand, corporation, or retail store. It is personality projected by these entities and includes the emotional and aesthetic qualifies that people associate with them and this image is the perception that consumers have as a result of their experiences about it and their knowledge of and beliefs about it. Among them are the types of images important to the consumer: (1) Corporate image (2) Product image (3) Brand image and (4) Store image. Products, packages, trademarks, brand names, company names, employees, marketing program, graphics and other factors are combined to make up the corporate personality. There are five elements that make up the product image: (1) Product design (2) Product development (3) Brand (4) Package and (5) Price Brand images represent the overall perception of the brand and are formed from information about the brand and past experience. Consumers with positive images of the brand are more likely to purchase it. Main elements are (1) product qualify (2) color (3) design (4) price (5) retailor and (6) advertisement. Important images related to the store image that affect consumer purchase decisions include (1) store location (2) store design (3) product assortment (4) store services and (5) store personnel. Many methods have been proposed for measuring images. Among them are popular technique of measuring the Consumer images: (1) perceptual mapping (2) visibility and repute method (3) semantic differential technique and (4) Q-sort technique The reason why organizations are interested in image measurement, modification and carefully planned promotion is that they feel a great influence of image on the behavior of consumer The ultimate purpose of image strategy is to help the organization develop satisfactory sales and profits However, business strategy of images should be taken into account for the contact with consumer and society welfare

Pellagra와 만성주정중독

김형동,허민,김종길 大韓神經精神醫學會 1983 신경정신의학 Vol.22 No.3

The authors presented 3 cases of pellagra complicated in chronic alcoholics who were found out of 39 cases of chronic alcoholics treated in a period of three years(1980, 1981 and 1982) at the Neuropsychiatric Dept. of Maryknoll General Hospital in Busan. Only two cases of pellagra were reported by psychiatrists in Korea. However, in the face of increasing incidence of alcoholism in this country, we call for attention to probable increase of pellagra associated with chronic alcoholism in the future.

대뇌피질의 독특한 질병에 대하여 : u¨ber Eine Eigenartige Erkrankung Der Hirnrinde

김형길,양기화 대한치매학회 2002 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.1 No.1

알쯔하이머는 독일 프랑크푸르트에 있는 정신병원에서 목격되고 병원장 지올리씨가 그에게 그 중추신경계를 검사하도록 위임한 한 질병의 경우에 대하여 보고하고 있다. 그것은 이미 임상적으로, 알려진 어떤 질병의 범주에도 속하지 않는 이상한 증상을 나타내었고, 해부학 상으로 지금까지 알려진 모든질병의 과정과 상이한 상태임을 증명하였다.

殺蟲性 結晶蛋白質 特異的인 抗體의 生産

김기윤,이정민,유형진,백길현,권무식 성균관대학교 생명과학자원연구소 1996 生命資源科學硏究 Vol.3 No.1

Bacillus thuringiensis is a gram-positive soil bacterium characterized by its ability to produce crystalline inclusions during sporulation. These parasporal bodies consist of protoxins known as crystal proteins exhibiting highly specific insecticidal activities. The Lepidoptera-specific protoxin, Cry IAc, was purified from E.coli JM103 harboring the cry IAc gene. The gene was isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki HD-73 and subcloned into an expression vector, pKK223-3. The recombinant DNA(pOS4201) was transformed into E.coli JM103. The Cry I Ac protoxin overexpressed in the E.coli was isolated from the total proteins by differential solubility. The protoxin were trypsinized to obtain activated toxin. The proteins was resolved on SDS gel. The molecular weights of the pro-and toxin were resistered about 130,000 and 65,000 Daltons respectively. The Cry IAc toxin was used as immunogen to produce anti-Cry IAc antiserum in a rabbit. The immunogen (200㎍/ 200㎕) was mixed with an equal volume of Freund's complete adjuvant, and the mixture was hypodermically injected to the hide back (30 spots) and paws (2 spots) of the rabbit. The immunization was performed four times every two weeks. The dosage of the immunogen was decreased by half, and incomplete adjuvant was substituted for the complete one from the second immunization. The serum was prepared from the blood as described elsewhere. Immunoreactivity of the serum was examined by dot-blotting with the aid of GAR-HRP indirect immunoassay kit. It has been found that the anti-Cry I Ac antiserum recognized nano-gram quantity of antigen under these experimental conditions. The antiserum will he used for the development of immunochemical mean(s) to screen transgenic plants transformed by the insecticidal characteristics of Cry I Ac.