유아 수학교육 내용체계에 대한 유치원, 어린이집, 초등학교 교사간의 인식비교

차현화,홍혜경,김현 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2006 교육과학연구 Vol.37 No.3

본 연구는 유아-초등 수학교육의 연계를 모색하기 위하여 수학교육과정의 실제적 운영자인 교사를 대상으로 유아수학교육 내용체계에 대한 인식을 알아보고자 G광역시와 J도의 국·공립유치원, 법인 및 개인 어린이집, 초등학교 1학년 교사 총 341명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 질문지는 관련문헌과 선행연구의 유아-초등 수학 교육과정내용체계를 토대로 수정·보완하였다. 질문지 문항은 『수와연산』 18문항, 『공간과 기하』 17문항, 『측정』 9문항, 『패턴과 대수』 7문항, 『자료 분석과 통계』 6문항으로 구성되어 있으며, 각 문항마다 적합하다고 생각되는 수준, 즉 '유아 Ⅰ수준', '유아 Ⅱ수준', '초등 1학년', '해당없음' 수준에 체크하도록 하였다. 연구결과에 의하면, 『수와 연산』, 『공간과 기하』, 『측정』, 『패턴과 대수』, 『자료 분석과 통계』의 대부분 하위 내용영역에서 유아-초등교사간에 유의한 차이를 보였다, 즉 유아교사들은 초등교사보다 높은 수준의 유아 수학교육 내용체계가 적절하다고 인식하는 반면 초등교사는 더 낮은 수준이 적절하다고 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 유아수학교육 내용수준에 있어 유아교사와 초등교사의 인식 차이를 좁히는 노력이 우선적으로 필요함을 시사한다. This study examines teachers' perception of content framework of early childhood mathematics with teachers, actual operators of mathematics curriculum in order to seek connection of mathematics education for early childhood and primary school. Subjects of this study were 341 teachers at national and public kindergarten, corporate and private daycare center and 1st grade of elementary school in G metropolitan city and J province. The questionnaire was revised and complemented on the basis of related literatures and content framework of early childhood mathematics of previous researches. The questionnaire consisted of 18 items on 'number and operation', 17 on 'space and geometry', 9 on 'measurement', 7 on 'pattern and algebra', and 6 on 'data analysis and statistics'. Level considered to be appropriate to early childhood level Ⅰ and Ⅱ and the 1st grade of primary school for each item was checked. According to results of the research, there was a significant difference between the sub-contents of number and operation, space and geometry, measurement, pattern and algebra and data analysis and probability between children and primary school teachers. That was, while early childhood teachers recognized higher level in content framework of early childhood mathematics appropriate, primary school teachers recognized lower level to be more appropriate. Results of this study suggest that efforts to narrow difference in perceptions of level of content framework of early childhood mathematics needs to be preceded.

공구감시 시스템의 보정장치 개발과 평가에 관한 연구

정상화,신현성,차경래 한국공작기계학회 2002 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.11 No.5

In general, manufacturing error is originated from bad material, machine tool defection and breakage. When the manufacturing process is stable, the most of error come from the tool wear. In common on-machine measurement, teaching probe and touch sensor are widely used, however in this paper the electric touch point type automatic tool compensation system is developed, the performance of it is validated, and effective operating is proposed.

돼지정액으로부터 오염미생물의 분리 및 항생제감수성

정기화,이현택,유차열,이상원 진주산업대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2007 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.14

4개소의 인공수정센터로부터 돼지정액을 제공 받아 돼지정액 중에 서식 중인 미생물을 순수분리하고, 그 미생물에 대한 항생제 감수성 검토를 행하였다. 2006년 7월과 9월에 채취한 시료의 원액에서 각각 3.6×10^(2)~2.6×10^(9) 및 3.8×10^(2)~5.5×10^(3)의 콜로니가 나타났으며, 희석정액의 보존일 수가 길어질수록 총균수가 많은 것으로 나타났다. 돼지정액 중에서 검출된 미생물로는 Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp. 및 E. coli와 같은 세균이 대부분이었으며, 그 이외에 Pseudomonas sp. 및 Norcardia sp. 등의 미생물들이 검출되었다. 이들 미생물에 대한 여러 종류의 항생제 감수성을 검토한 결과 enrofloxacin과 neomycin은 분리한 모든 미생물에 대하여 감수성을 나타내었으며, cefoxitin과 norfloxacin은 Norcardia sp.을 제외한 다른 미생물에 감수성을 나타내었다. Bacterial contaminants from boar semen, which was provided by the different 4 Artificial Insemination Centers in Korea, were isolated and investigated for antibiotic sensitivity. Bacterial flora were 3.6 × 10^(2) ~ 2.6 × 10^(9) CFU/mL and 3.8 × 10^(2) ~ 5.5× 10^(9) CFU/mL from raw boar semen collected from the period June ~ July to August ~ September 2006, respectively. Total viable cells of diluted boar semen were increased according to storage period. Isolated microbes were mostly detected as bacterial cells such as Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Escherichia coli, followed by Pseudomonas sp. and Norcardia sp. All the microbes isolated from boar semen were sensitive to antibiotic enrofloxacin and neomycin. Norcardia sp. was only resistant and the others cells were sensitive to antibiotic cefoxitin and norfloxacin.

극초정밀 다축 스테이지의 광소자 정렬에 관한 연구

정상화,차경래,김현욱,최석봉,김광호,박준호 한국공작기계학회 2005 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

In recent years, as the demands of VBNS and VDSL increase, the development of kernel parts of optical communication such as PLC(Planar Light Circuit), Coupler, and WDM elements increases. The alignment and the attachment technology are very important in the fabrication of optical elements. In this paper, the optical alignment characteristics of multi-axis ultra precision stage were studied. The alignment algorithms were studied for applying to the ultra precision multi-axis stage. The alignment algorithm is comprised of field search and peak search algorithms. The contour of optical power signals can be obtained by field search and the precise coordinate can be found out by peak search. Two kinds of alignments, such as 1ch. input vs. 1ch. output optical stack, and 1ch. input vs. 8ch. output PLC stacks were performed for investigating the alignment characteristics.

초경합금 소재 LCU_CL 코어의 초정밀 연삭 특성에 관한 연구

정상화,차경래,김현욱,이봉주 한국공작기계학회 2005 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

As the various manufacturing technology of optical glass is developed, the aspherical lenses are applied to many fields. However, It is still very difficult to manufacture glass lens because of the high cost and the short life of core. In recent years, the demands of the aspherical glass lenses increase since it is difficult to obtain the desirable performance in the plastic lens. In the glass mold lens, it has merits of high productivity and reproductivity since lens is manufactured by the only forming with high precision mold. The fabricating conditions for glass mold lens are glass surface that does not cause fusion, viscosity of 108-1013 poise for the 0.2㎛ accuracy, and viscoelasticity for the roughness less than 100 angstrom. In this thesis, ultra-precision grinding characteristics of tungsten carbide for forming the aspherical glass lens core were studied and the result of it is applied to manufacture the tungsten carbide-base core of the glass lens used to the laser scanning unit and the camera phone.

구간분할 바이너리 제어를 이용한 로봇핸드의 동특성에 관한 연구

정상화,차경래,김현욱,최석봉,김광호,박준호 한국공작기계학회 2005 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

In recent years, as the robot technology is developed the researches on the artificial muscle actuator that enable robot to move dextrously like biological organ become active. The widely used materials for artificial muscle are the shape memory alloy and the electro active polymer. These actuators have the higher energy density than the electromechanical actuator such as motor. However, there are some drawbacks for actuator. SMA has the hysterical dynamic characteristics. In this paper the segmented binary control for reducing the hysteresis of SMA is proposed and the simulation of anthropomorphic robotic hand is performed using ADAMS.

12주 근력강화훈련 동안 표면근전도 신호의 특성

신화경,조상현,차광석 한국전문물리치료학회 2003 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.10 No.1

Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅱ. 연구방법 1. 연구대상 2. 실험설계 3. 근력강화훈련 4. 최대 근력의 평가 5. 표면근전도 신호 수집 가. 장비 설정 나. 표면근전도 신호 수집 6. 신호 처리 가. 주파수 스펙트럼 분석 나. 적분EMG 7. 통계분석 가. 정규화 나. 통계분석 Ⅲ. 결과 1. 근육 둘레의 변화 2. 적분EMG와 근수축력의 변화 가. 등척성 운동 나. 등장성 운동 다. 12주 동안 근력과 적분EMG의 변화 3. 초기중앙주파수의 변화 4. 피로지수의 변화 5. 회귀직선 기울기의 변화 Ⅳ. 고찰 Ⅴ. 결론 This study tested whether repeated measurement of median frequency (MDF)-related variables could express the muscle power changes during a 12-week DeLome strengthening program, by using consecutive overlapping FFT (Fast Fourier transformation) and integrated EMG (IEMG) from surface EMG data for isometric and isotonic exercise. To evaluate the effect of training, the following were recorded every 3 weeks for the elbow flexors and knee extensors of 5 healthy male volunteers: MVC, 1RM, limb circumference, and surface EMG during isometric MVC or isotonic contraction at 10RM load. From the EMG data, IEMG and variables from a regression analysis between MDF and time were obtained. MVC, 1RM, IEMG, and initial MDF increased linearly over the training period. The fatigue index and slope of the regression line increased temporarily until the 6th week and decreased thereafter. From these results, there appeared to be enhanced neural recruitment of fast twitch fibers in the first 6 weeks and continued enhancement in the recruitment and hypertrophy of fast twitch fibers, which led to increased fatigue resistance, over the last 6 weeks. Accordingly, the MDF and IEMG analysis technique could demonstrate the effect of the program detected significant changes in both isometric and isotonic contractions. EMG analysis methods can be used to estimate the electrophysiological and histological changes in skeletal muscles during a strengthening program.

원형 플레이트 형태에 따른 초음파 부상 장치의 진동특성에 관한 연구

정상화,최석봉,차경래,김현욱,김광호,박준호 한국공작기계학회 2005 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

In the semiconductor and optical industry the non-contact transportation is required for reducing the damages. The ultrasonic levitation is the solution of the problem. In this paper, the ultrasonic levitation system and 3 disk-type stator for levitation various object are proposed. The vibration modes of disks are analyzed with FEM and designed with the analysis results. The 3D vibration profiles of the disks are measured by Laser scanning vibrometer for verifying the vibration characteristics of the system. The amplitudes of the disks and the levitation heights of object are measured for evaluating the performance.

NITINOL을 이용한 차동식 액츄에이터의 설계에 관한 연구

정상화,김현욱,신현성,차경래,신병수 한국공작기계학회 2002 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2002 No.-

In the recent years, as the research and the development of micro and precision machinery become active, the interest of micro actuators using SMA (Shape Memory Alloy) has been increased. The dynamic characteristic analysis of SMA is necessary for actuator application and many common researches report the material characteristics of SMA sufficiently. However, the research on dynamic characteristics is very deficient. In this paper, the helical spring are fabricated with NiTi SMA wire of high resistivity. The force, response speed, temperature, and displacement are measured by digital force gauge, infrared thermometer, and laser displacement sensor so that the dynamic characteristics of this SMA is analyzed. Also, bidirectional actuator was fabricated and experimented for its performance.

다채널 광정렬 장치에서의 다자유도 회전 스테이지 동작 특성에 관한 연구

정상화,차경래,김현욱,최석봉,김광호,박준호 한국공작기계학회 2005 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

In recent years, as the demands of VBNS(Very high speed Backbone Network Service) and VDSL(Very high-data rate Digital Subscriber Line) increase, the development of kernel parts of optical communication such as PLC(Planar Light Circuit), Coupler, WDM elements increase. The alignment and the attachment technology are very important to fabricate the optical elements for communication. In this paper, the mechanism of rotational stage are studied. with the three different method and the results of them are applied to the design of the system. The performance test of resolution and travel is performed.