Mild NO preconditioning protects H9c2 cells against NO-induced apoptosis through activation of PI3K/Akt and PKA-dependent pathways

Hyun-Jeong Kwak,Jae-Young Um,Sang-Seob Lee 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2019 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.15 No.3

Backgrounds: Nitric oxide (NO) plays a key role in cardioprotection. Its role against cardioprotection is dependent on the level of NO. Although it is well known that NO preconditioning has cardioprotective effects, but its mechanism remains unsatisfactory. Methods: To induce NO preconditioning, H9c2 cells were treated with low NO concentration and subsequently induced apoptosis by high NO. The signalling and anti-apoptotic effects of NO preconditioning were monitored by Western blotting, facs analysis. Results: Sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced cytotoxicity was inhibited by low SNP (0.3 mM) preconditioning. Furthermore, low SNP phosphorylated Akt/FoxO1 in the presence of high SNP (1.5 mM), while phosphorylated Akt/FoxO1 and viability were reversed by PI3K inhibitor. Also, low NO-induced CREB phosphorylation with high NO was inhibited by PKA inhibitor, indicating that NO preconditioning protects NO-induced cytotoxicity in PKA dependently. Apoptotic inhibition with NO preconditioning was accompanied with increased Bcl-2, decreased Bax, and caspase3 activation, which was all reversed by LY294002. Conclusion: Our results indicate that low NO preconditioning prevent subsequent high NO-induced apoptosis via Akt/PKA/CREB activation in H9c2 cells.

전탕 전과 후의 중금속, 잔류농약 및 잔류이산화황의 농도변화 -소화기계 약을 중심으로-

서창섭 ( Chang Seob Seo ),황대선 ( Dae Sun Huang ),이준경 ( Jun Kyoung Lee ),하혜경 ( Hye Kyoung Ha ),천진미 ( Jin Mi Chun ),엄영란 ( Young Ran Um ),장설 ( Seol Jang ),신현규 ( Hyun Kyoo Shin ) 대한본초학회 2009 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.24 No.1

Objectives: To compare the contents of hazardous substances before/after a decoction. Methods: The heavy metal contents before/after a decoction were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES) and mercury analyzer. In order to analyze pesticides in 6 samples we used simultaneous multi-residue analysis of pesticides by GC/ECD, which was followed by GC/MSD analysis to confirm the identity of the detected pesticide in each sample. In addition, the contents of sulfur dioxide (SO2) were performed by Monier-Williams distillation method. Results: 1. The mean values of heavy metal contents (mg/kg) for the samples were as follows: Samchulkunbi-tang (before decoction-Pb; 1.592, Cd; 0.155, As; 0.055 and Hg; 0.014, after decoction-Pb; 0.036, Cd; 0.002, As; not detected and Hg; 0.001), Yijin-tang (before decoction-Pb; 0.830, Cd; 0.077, As; 0.045 and Hg; 0.015, after decoction-Pb; 0.193, Cd; 0.010, As; not detected and Hg; 0.002), Banhabaikchulcheunma-tang (before decoction-Pb; 0.976, Cd; 0.164, As; 0.167 and Hg; 0.019, after decoction-Pb; 0.031, Cd; 0.003, As; 0.006 and Hg; 0.005), Pyungwi-san (before decoction-Pb; 2.162, Cd; 0.128, As; 0.061 and Hg; 0.018, after decoction-Pb; 0.080, Cd; 0.006, As; not detected and Hg; 0.005), Leejung-tang (before decoction-Pb; 1.480, Cd; 0.294, As; 0.034 and Hg; 0.012, after decoction-Pb; 0.064, Cd; 0.007, As; 0.007 and Hg; 0.002) and Kwibi-tang (before decoction-Pb; 0.907, Cd; 0.193, As; 0.085 and Hg; 0.020, after decoction-Pb; 0.072, Cd; 0.006, As; 0.004 and Hg; 0.002). 2. Contents (mg/kg) of sulfur dioxide (SO2) before a decoction in Banhabaikchulcheunma-tang, Pyungwi-san, Leejung-tang and Kwibi-tang exhibited 3.5, 3.4, 3.8 and 12.4, respectively. However, contents of sulfur dioxide after a decoction in all samples were not detected. 3. Contents (mg/kg) of residual pesticides before/after a decoction in all samples were not detected. Conclusions: These results will be used to establish a criterion of heavy metals, residual pesticides and sulfur dioxide.

전탕 전과 후의 한약재 및 처방에 포함된 위해물질의 농도변화 -다빈도 한약 처방을 중심으로

서창섭 ( Chang Seob Seo ),황대선 ( Dae Sun Huang ),이준경 ( Jun Kyoung Lee ),하혜경 ( Hye Kyoung Ha ),천진미 ( Jin Mi Chun ),엄영란 ( Young Ran Um ),장설 ( Seol Jang ),신현규 ( Hyun Kyoo Shim ) 대한본초학회 2009 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.24 No.2

Objectives: To compare the contents of hazardous substances before/after a decoction. Methods: The heavy metal contents before/after a decoction were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES) and mercury analyzer. In order to analyze pesticides in 6 samples we used simultaneous multi-residue analysis of pesticides by GC/ECD, which was followed by GC/MSD analysis to confirm the identity of the detected pesticide in each sample. In addition, the contents of sulfur dioxide (SO2) were performed by Monier-Williams distillation method. Results: 1. The mean values of heavy metal contents (mg/kg) for the samples were as follows: Socheongryong-tang (before decoction-Pb; 1.115, Cd; 0.179, As; 0.069 and Hg; 0.028, after decoction-Pb; 0.110, Cd; 0.011, As; 0.005 and Hg; 0.002), Insampaedok-san (before decoction-Pb; 1.207, Cd; 0.148, As; 0.171 and Hg; 0.026, after decoction-Pb; 0.075, Cd; 0.006, As; not detected and Hg; 0.001), Oryung-san (before decoction-Pb; 1.955, Cd; 0.430, As; 0.063 and Hg; 0.027, after decoction-Pb; 0.083, Cd; 0.013, As; 0.006 and Hg; 0.002), Hwangryunhaedok-tang (before decoction-Pb; 1.825, Cd; 0.210, As; 0.050 and Hg; 0.009, after decoction-Pb; 0.107, Cd; 0.010, As; 0.005 and Hg; 0.001), Bangpungtongseong-san (before decoction-Pb; 1.740, Cd; 0.162, As; 0.585 and Hg; 0.018, after decoction-Pb; 0.041, Cd; 0.006, As; 0.022 and Hg; not detected) and Oyaksungi-san (before decoction-Pb; 1.199, Cd; 0.183, As; 0.321 and Hg; 0.031, after decoction-Pb; 0.096, Cd; 0.008, As; 0.021 and Hg; 0.0004). 2. Contents (mg/kg) of sulfur dioxide (SO2) before a decoction in Socheongryong-tang, Insampaedok-san, Oryung-san, Hwangryunhaedok-tang, Bangpungtongseong-san and Oyaksungi-san exhibited 3.2, 5.7, 4.5, 49.8, 7.8 and 22.4, respectively. However, contents of sulfur dioxide after a decoction in all samples were not detected. 3. Contents (mg/kg) of residual pesticides before/after a decoction in all samples were not detected. Conclusions: These results will be used to establish a criterion of heavy metals, residual pesticides and sulfur dioxide.

전탕 전과 후의 중금속, 잔류농약 및 잔류이산화황의 농도변화 -감기약을 중심으로-

서창섭 ( Chang Seob Seo ),황대선 ( Dae Sun Huang ),이준경 ( Jun Kyoung Lee ),하혜경 ( Hye Kyoung Ha ),천진미 ( Jin Mi Chun ),엄영란 ( Young Ran Um ),장설 ( Seol Jang ),신현규 ( Hyun Kyoo Shin ) 대한본초학회 2008 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.23 No.4

Objectives: To compare the contents of heavy metals, residual pesticides and sulfur dioxide before/after a decoction. Methods: The heavy metal contents before/after a decoction were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES) and mercury analyzer. In order to analyze pesticides in 5 samples we used simultaneous multi-residue analysis of pesticides by GC/ECD, which was followed by GC/MSD analysis to confirm the identity of the detected pesticide in each sample. In addition, the contents of sulfur dioxide (SO2) were performed by Monier-Williams distillation method. Results: 1. The mean values of heavy metal contents (mg/kg) for the samples were as follows: Galgeun-tang (before decoction-Pb; 0.793, Cd; 0.133, As; 0.016 and Hg; 0.005, after decoction-Pb; 0.033, Cd; 0.004, As; 0.002 and Hg; not detected), Gumiganghwal-tang (before decoction-Pb; 0.934, Cd; 0.197, As; 0.046 and Hg; 0.006, after decoction-Pb; 0.062, Cd; 0.007, As; 0.004 and Hg; 0.0001), Sosiho-tang (before decoction-Pb; 0.891, Cd; 0.134, As; 0,091 and Hg; 0,014, after decoction-Pb; 0.036, Cd; 0.002, As; 0.004 and Hg; not detected), Ojuck-san (before decoction-Pb; 0.907, Cd; 0.136, As; 0.084 and Hg; 0.007, after decoction-Pb; 0.074, Cd; 0.007, As; 0.011 and Hg; 0.0005) and Samsoeum (before decoction-Pb; 1.234, Cd; 0.154. As; 0.016 and Hg; 0.007, after decoction-Pb; 0.094, Cd; 0.006, As; 0.002 and Hg; 0.001). 2. Contents (mg/kg) of residual pesticides before/after a decoction in all samples were not detected. 3. Contents (mg/kg) of sulfur dioxide (SO2) before a decoction in Galgeun-tang, Gumiganghwal-tang, Sosiho-tang, Ojuck-san and Samsoeum exhibited 1.2, 3.4, 11.1, 12.0 and 5.7, respectively. However, contents of sulfur dioxide after a decoction in all samples were not detected. Conclusions: These results will be used to establish a criterion of heavy metals, residual pesticides and sulfur dioxide.

기생패치를 이용한 소형 뮤-제로 영차공진 안테나

엄귀섭(Kwi Seob Um),이창현(Chang-Hyun Lee),이재곤(Jae-Gon Lee),이정해(Jeong-Hae Lee) 한국전자파학회 2016 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.27 No.4

본 논문에서는 5.8 ㎓에서 동작하는 기생패치를 이용한 소형 메타구조 기반의 뮤-제로 영차공진 안테나[1],[2]를 제안한다. 제안된 안테나는 뮤-네거티브(MNG: Mu-negative) 전송선로의 직렬 인덕턴스와 커패시턴스를 사용하는 뮤-제로 영차공진 안테나이며, 간단한 구조의 기생패치를 추가함으로써 직렬 커패시턴스를 증가시켜 소형화 하였다. 추가된 기생패치는 기존의 직렬 커패시턴스에 추가적인 병렬로 커패시턴스를 만들어 공진 주파수를 결정하는 직렬 커패시턴스를 등가적으로 증가시킨다. 기생패치는 HFSS[3]를 이용한 모의실험을 통하여 최적화되었다. 제안된 안테나는 0.59의 값을 가지며, 기존 뮤-제로 영차공진 안테나 크기 대비 24 % 소형화 되었으며, 92 %의 효율과 6.57 ㏈i의 이득을 보였다. 최종 설계된 안테나는 제작 및 측정되었으며, 측정 결과는 모의실험 결과와 잘 일치함을 확인하였다. In this paper, a small mu-zero zeroth order resonance(ZOR) antenna[1],[2] based on meta structure is proposed using parasitic patch at 5.8 ㎓. The mu-zero ZOR antenna is designed by utilizing the resonance of series inductance and capacitance of mu-negative transmission line and its size can be further reduced by a simple parasitic patch. The parasitic patch can increase series capacitance of mu-negative transmission line related to a resonant frequency. We have simulated and optimized dimension of the parasitic patch using Ansys commercial simulator(HFSS[3]). As a result, the antenna has the following characteristics: kr of 0.59, efficiency of 92 %, and gain of 6.57 ㏈i. Also, its size is reduced by 24 % compared to a conventional mu-zero ZOR antenna[1],[2]. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated results.

The Protective Mechanism of Antioxidants in Cadmium-Induced Ototoxicity <i>in Vitro</i> and <i>in Vivo</i>

Kim, Su-Jin,Jeong, Hyun-Ja,Myung, Noh-Yil,Kim, Min-chol,Lee, Jeong-Han,So, Hong-seob,Park, Rae-Kil,Kim, Hyung-Min,Um, Jae-Young,Hong, Seung-Heon National Institute of Environmental Health Science 2008 Environmental health perspectives Vol.116 No.7

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Several heavy metals have been shown to have toxic effects on the peripheral and central auditory system. Cadmium (Cd<SUP>2+</SUP>) is an environmental contaminant showing a variety of adverse effects. Given the current rate of release into the environment, the amount of Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> present in the human body and the incidence of Cd<SUP>2+</SUP>-related diseases are expected to increase.</P><P><B>Objective</B></P><P>The overall aim of this study was to gain further insights into the mechanism of Cd<SUP>2+</SUP>-induced ototoxicity.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cytochrome c (cyt c), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (p-ERK), caspases, morphologic change, and functional changes in HEI-OC1 cells, rat cochlear explants, and mouse cochlea after Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> exposure were measured by flow cytometry, immunohistochemical staining, Western blot analysis, and auditory brainstem response (ABR) recording. Mechanisms underlying Cd<SUP>2+</SUP>ototoxicity were studied using inhibitors of different signaling pathways, caspases, and antioxidants.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> exposure caused cell death, ROS generation, MMP loss, cyt c release, activation of caspases, ERK activation, apoptosis, and finally auditory threshold shift. Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> toxicity interfered with inhibitors of cellular signaling pathways, such as ERK and c-<I>jun N</I>-terminal kinase, and with caspase inhibitors, especially inhibitors of caspase-9 and caspase-3. The antioxidants <I>N</I>-acetyl-<SMALL>L</SMALL>-cysteine and ebselen showed a significant protective effect on the Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> toxicity.</P><P><B>Conlcusions</B></P><P>Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> is ototoxic with a complex underlying mechanism. However, ROS generation may be the cause of the toxicity, and application of antioxidants can prevent the toxic effect.</P>

저 강도 운동에 따른 본태성고혈압 쥐의 병리학적 심근 비대 관련 분자적 표현형과 세포사멸 조절 단백질의 변화

이영익 ( Young Ik Lee ),김철현 ( Cheol Hyun Kim ),조인호 ( In Ho Cho ),엄현섭 ( Hyun Seob Um ),김윤만 ( Yoon Man Kim ),김명기 ( Myung Ki Kim ),오윤선 ( Yoon Sun Oh ),양춘호 ( Chun Ho Yang ),황대연 ( Dae Yun Hwang ),남기태 ( Ki Tae 한국운동생리학회(구-한국운동과학회) 2005 운동과학 Vol.14 No.4

지구성 운동이 STZ-당뇨 유발 쥐의 허혈/재 관류 손상 후 심근의 당대사 관련 표현형 단백질과 HSP-60 단백질 발현에 미치는 영향

배희숙(Hee-Suk Bae),엄현숙(Hyun-Seob Um),강은범(Eun-Bum Kang),양춘열(Chum-Yeol Yang),이용로(Yong-Ro Lee),이창국(Chang-Guk Lee),천우호(U-Ho Cheon),전혜자(Hye-Ja Jeon),조인호(In-Ho Cho),조준용(Joon-Yong Cho) 한국생명과학회 2009 생명과학회지 Vol.19 No.5

The objective of this study was to identify EXE (1 hr a day at 21 m/min for 5 day/wk, at 0 % grade for 6 wk) on myocardium glucose metabolic phenotypic proteins (AMPK-PGC-1α-GLUT-4) and HSP-60 protein expression after ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in STZ-induced rats. EXE was performed using STZ-induced diabetic rats on a rodent treadmill (28 m/min, 1 hr/day, 5 day/wk for 6 wk). The results of this study suggest that i) serum insulin level was not changed among groups (p>0.05). ii) the LVDP level increased significantly in the STZ-EXE-IRI group compared to the STZ-IRI group at 60 min (p<0.01), 70 min (p<0.05) and 80 min (p<0.05) after reperfusion, respectively, and iii) AMPK phosphorylation (p<0.01), PGC-1α protein (p<0.001), GLUT-4 protein (p<0.001) and HSP-60 protein expressions (p<0.05) increased significantly in the STZ-EXE-IRI group compared to the STZ-IRI group. In conclusion, the findings of the present study reveal that EXE may provide therapeutic value to insulin dependent diabetic patients with peripheral insulin resistance and myocardium injury by improving glucose metabolic proteins (AMPK-PGC-1α-GLUT-4) and heat shock protein-60 (HSP-60), along with increasing LVDP levels and decreasing glucose levels. Therefore, EXE protects the STZ-induced diabetic myocardium injury against ischemia/ reperfusion injury.

중금속, 잔류농약 및 잔류이산화황의 전탕 전, 후의 농도 변화 - 다빈도 태음인 사상처방을 중심으로 -

서창섭,황대선,이준경,하혜경,천진미,엄영란,장설,김종열,이시우,신현규,Seo, Chang-Seob,Huang, Dae-Sun,Lee, Jun-Kyoung,Ha, Hye-Kyoung,Chun, Jin-Mi,Um, Young-Ran,Jang, Seol,Kim, Jong-Yeol,Lee, Si-Woo,Shin, Hyun-Kyoo 사상체질의학회 2009 사상체질의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

1. Objectives To compare the contents of heavy metals, residual pesticides and sulfur dioxide before/after decoction. 2. Methods The heavy metal contents before/after decoction were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) and mercury analyzer. In order to analyze pesticides in 3 samples we used simultaneous multi-residue analysis of pesticides by GC/ECD, followed by GC/MSD analysis to confirm the identity of the detected pesticide in each sample. In addition, the contents of sulfur dioxide (SO2) were performed by Monier-Williams distillation method. 3. Results 1) The mean values of heavy metal contents (mg/kg) for the samples were as follows: Yuldahanso-tang (before decoction - Pb; 1.85, Cd; 0.148, As; 0.042 and Hg; 0.003, after decoction - Pb; 0.096, Cd; 0.006, As; 0.006 and Hg; 0.002), Chongsimyonja-tang (before decoction - Pb; 1.193, Cd; 0.094, As; 0.084 and Hg; 0.008, after decoction - Pb; 0.053, Cd; 0.007, As; 0.011 and Hg; not detected) and Taeyeumjowee-tang (before decoction - Pb; 0.878, Cd; 0.078, As; 0.302 and Hg; 0.004, after decoction - Pb; 0.079, Cd; 0.005, As; 0.006 and Hg; not dectcted). 2) Contents (mg/kg) of residual pesticides before/after decoction in all samples were not detected. 3) Contents (mg/kg) of sulfur dioxide (SO2) before decoction in Yuldahanso-tang, Chongsimyonja-tang and Taeyeumjowee-tang exhibited 6.1, 37.8, 31.5 and 19.7, respectively. However, contents of sulfur dioxide after decoction in all samples were not detected. 4. Conclusion These results will be used to establish a criterion of heavy metals, residual pesticides and sulfur dioxide.

Treadmill exercise produces neuroprotective effects in a murine model of Parkinson’s disease by regulating the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway

Koo, Jung-Hoon,Jang, Yong-Chul,Hwang, Dong-Ju,Um, Hyun-Seob,Lee, Nam-Hee,Jung, Jae-Hoon,Cho, Joon-Yong Pergamon Press 2017 Neuroscience Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by progressive dopamine depletion and a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Treadmill exercise is a promising non-pharmacological approach for reducing the risk of PD and other neuroinflammatory disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of treadmill exercise on α-synuclein-induced neuroinflammation and neuronal cell death in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model of PD. Eight weeks of treadmill exercise improved motor deficits and reduced α-synuclein expression, a major causative factor of PD-like symptoms, in MPTP mice. Treadmill exercise also down-regulated the expression of toll-like receptor 2 and its associated downstream signaling molecules, including myeloid differentiation factor-88, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6, and transforming growth factor-β-activated protein kinase 1. These effects were associated with reduced ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 expression, decreased IκBα and nuclear transcription factor-κB phosphorylation, decreased tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1β expression, and decreased NADPH oxidase subunit expression in the SNpc and striatum. Additionally, it promoted the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and the dopamine transporter, as well as plasma dopamine levels, in MPTP mice; these effects were associated with decreased caspase-3 expression and cleavage, as well as increased Bcl-2 expression in the SNpc. Taken together, our data suggest that treadmill exercise improves MPTP-associated motor deficits by exerting neuroprotective effects in the SNpc and striatum, supporting the notion that treadmill exercise is useful as a non-pharmacological tool for the management of PD.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Treadmill exercise improves motor function and reduces α-Syn expression. </LI> <LI> Treadmill exercise reduces α-Syn-mediated neuroinflammation by downregulating TLR2. </LI> <LI> Treadmill exercise decreases NADPH oxidase expression. </LI> </UL> </P>