White luminescence of Ho3+/Tm3+/Yb3+-codoped CaWO4 synthesized via citrate complex route assisted by microwave irradiation

CHO, Hyun,HWANG, Seok Min,LEE, Jae Bin,KA, Dong Hyun,KIM, Tae Wan,LEE, Bo Seul,LEE, Ji Young,LEE, Jung-Il,RYU, Jeong Ho Elsevier 2014 Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China Vol.24 No.suppl1

FCT 5 : Fractional laser-assisted topical imiquimod 5% cream treatment for recalcitrant common warts in children

( Hyun Chang Ko ),( Jeong Min Kim ),( Hyun Ho Cho1 ),( Won Jeong Kim ),( Je Ho Mun ),( Margaret Song ),( Hoon Soo Kim ),( Byung Soo Kim ),( Moon Bum Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: Conventional destructive modalities for warts like cryotherapy or laser ablation have some limitations that are excruciating pain during procedure, in especially pediatric patients. Imiquimod is a topical immune response modifier that was approved for treating genital and perianal warts. But, thick stratum corneum of common warts may act as a barrier against drug permeation via the skin. Objectives: To evaluate efficacy and safety of above treatment. Methods: Eleven pediatric patients (6 female and 5 male, mean age 12.5 years) were included in this study. The lesions were treated by fractional 2940 nm Er:YAG laser for achieving the penetration of stratum corneum with 1 or 2 weeks intervals. Then, imiquimod 5% cream was self-applied once daily for 5 days a week. Assessment of response and adverse effects was performed every 2 weeks until complete clearance or up to maximum of 48 weeks. Pain during procedure was checked by VAS (0-10). Results: 8 out of 11 (72.7%) patients experienced complete clearance of all warts lesions. Mean duration of total treatment was 29.7 (16-48) weeks. Mean number of fractional laser treatment was 17.5 (8-37) times. No significant adverse effect was observed. VAS score of the pain during fractional laser treatment was 2.4 (1-4), comparing with 6.2 (5-8) during cryotherapy. Conclusion: Fractional ErYAG laser-assisted topical 5% imiquimod cream is an effective and safe treatment option for recalcitrant common warts of the children do not tolerate pain well.

세침 흡인술을 이용한 종창된 림프절의 세포학적 평가

백강현,윤기영,최호정,정성목,이영원,조성환,박성준 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 附設 動物醫科學硏究所 2011 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.18 No.1

Fine needle aspiration(FNA) cytology is considered as the diagnostic technique of choice in the assessment of swellen lymph nodes. The aim of this study is to determine the indication and diagnostic method of FNA of lymph node lesions performed at Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University. The records of 16 patients which had undergone FNA during the study period were retrieved. The cytological results were classified as lymphadenitis, lymphoid hyperplasia and lymphoma. Lymphoma cases were classified as B-cell origin and T-cell by immunophenotyping. The result of the FNA cytological diagnosis showed that nine (56%) of the patients were lymphoma, five (31%) of the patients were lymphoid hyperplasia and two (13%) of the patients were lymphadenitis.

기종성 신우신염의 임상양상 및 사망위험인자

조수연,이호재,조용현,이승주 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.1

Background : Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is an acute gas forming necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma with high mortality. Although its incidence is relatively low, it mostly occurs in patients wiith diabetes mellitus. The aim of the study is to identify the risk factors related to mortality and assess the outcome of managements according to the radiologic classification. Materials and Methods : The clinical records of 23 patients diagnosed with EPN were reviewed retrospectively. The cases were grouped into two types on the basis of computed tomography scan. Type 1 EPN was defined as renal necrosis and gas formation with total absence of fluid content. Type 2 EPN was defined as the presence of renal or perirenal fluid in association with bubbly or loculated gas pattern. The patients' symptoms, performed investigations, and treatments were analyzed. Results : All patients had diabetes mellitus. Escherichia coli (78.6%) was the most common pathoqen in urine and blood cultures. The factors showing statistically significant differences between survivors and non-survivors were age (P=0.013), the presence of obstructive uropathy (P= 0.008), and type 1 group (P=0.030). Multivariate logistic regression showed that factor significantly related to death was age (odds ratio=1.20, 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.38, P=0.037). Conservative treatment including antibiotics and percutaneous drainage was successful in type 2 group, Overall mortality was 26.1%; all expired patients were from type 1 group. The mortality of conservative treatment and nephrectomy in type 1 group was 83.3% and 20.0%, respectively. Conclusion : These results suggest that old age is a significant risk factor for mortality in patients with EPN. Nephrectomy should be considered as the main treatment option in patients with type 1 EPN.

개선된 퍼지램프함수를 이용한 건설공사의 확률적 위험도분석평가

조효남,임종권,최현호 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1998 工學技術論文集 Vol.7 No.1

본 논문의 주된 목적은 실제 건설공사에 적용할 수 있는 체계적인 확률적 위험도분석 평가기법의 개발에 관한 기초연구로서, 우선 건설공사의 위험도분석 평가기법으로 적용 되어온 기존의 사건수분석(ETA : Event Tree Analysis)에 의한 방법[Ang/Tang, 1975]에 퍼지집합의 개념을 도입하여 전문가의 주관적인 판단을 언어학적 변량으로 취급하는 소위 퍼지사건수분석(FETA : Fuzzy Event Tree Analysis) 기법에 대해서 집중적으로 고찰하였다. 또한, 본 논문에서는 확률적 위험도분석 평가모형에 관한 연구로서 건설공사의 확률적 위험도분석 모형을 체계적으로 제시하고, Hadipriono가 임시가설 구조물의 경우에 적용시킨 퍼지사건수분석 기법을 발전시켜 새로운 Ramp 곡선을 제안하였다. Recently, in Korea, the demand for establishment of systematic risk assessment techniques for construction projects has increased, especially after the large construction failures occurred during construction such as New Hang-ju Bridge collapse, subway construction failure, and Taegu gas explosion accidents etc. Most of existing risk analysis techniques such as Event Tree Analysis may not be suitable for realistic risk assessment of construction projects because it is very complex and difficult to estimate occurrence frequency and failure probability precisely due to a lack of data related to the various risks inherent in construction projects like natural disasters, financial and economic risks, political risks, environmental risks as well as design and construction-related risks. The main objective of this paper is to suggest systematic probabilistic risk assessment model and demonstrate an approach for probabilistic risk assessment using advanced Fuzzy Ramp Function introducing Fuzzy set theory concepts. It may be stated that the approach may be very useful for the systematic and rational risk assessment for real construction projects because the approach can effectively deal with all the related construction risks in terms of the linguistic variables that could systematically incorporate expert's experiences and subjective judgement.

始拳道의 史的 意義와 姿勢에 關한 研究

趙顯浩 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 1975 교사교육연구 Vol.2 No.2

This paper is to study the historical significance and attitude of our unique Tak Kwon Do in Korea. The contents of this paper is as follows: I. Introduction II. The spirit of Tak Kwon Do III. The historical perspective of Tak Kwon Do IV. The effective utilization of strength necessary for Tak Kwon Do V. Conclusion In particular, it was emphasized in Chapter IV that the creating factor of the scientific strength and the development of driving method of rational strength be important in order to enhance the techniques. In short, considering Korean reality, all Korean should not only re-recognize the nessity of Tak Kwon Do for the improvement of national physical standard but also for the sake of national defense regardless of sex.

리스페달 정(리스페리돈 2㎎)에 대한 리스펜 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,박은자,강현아,백승희,이석,박찬호,문재동,이용복 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.2

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two risperidone tablets, Risperdal (Janssen Korea Co., Ltd) and Rispen (Myung In Pharm. Co., Ltd), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The risperione release from the two risperidone formulations in vitro was tested using KP Ⅷ Apparatus Ⅱ method with various of dissolution media (pH 1.2, 4.0, 6.8 butter solution and water). Twenty four healthy male subjects, 23.33±2.10 years in age and 69.24±8.05 kg in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 crossover study was employed. After one tablet containing 2 ㎎ as risperidone was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentration of risperidone in serum were determined using HPLC method with UV detector. The dissolution profiles of two formulations were similar at all dissolution media. Besides, the pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_(t), C_(max) were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed AUC_(t), C_(max) and untransformed T_(max). The results showed that the differences between two formulations based on the Risperdal were 0.20, -1.29 and -11.09% for AUC_(t), C_(max) and T_(max), respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log(0.8) to log(1.25) (e.g., log(0.90)∼log(1.03) and log(0.84)∼log(1.09) for AUC_(t) and C_(max), respectively). Thus, the criteria of the KFDA guideline for the bioequivalence were satisfied, indicating Rispen tablet and Risperdal tablet were bioequivalent.

비유피-4 정(염산프로피베린 20㎎)에 대한 건일염산프로피베린 정의 생물학적동등성

조혜영,박은자,강현아,백승희,김세미,박찬호,오인준,문재동,이용복 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.5

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two propiverine hydrochloride tablets. BUP-4 (Jeil Pharm. Co., Ltd.) and Kuhnil Propiverine Hydrochloride (Kuhnil Pharm. Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The propiverine release from the two propiverine hydrochloride formulations in vitro was tested using KP Ⅷ Apparatus Ⅱ method with a variety of dissolution media (pH 1.2, 4.0, 6.8 buffer solutions, water and blend of polysorbate 80 into pH 6.8). Twenty six healthy male subjects, 23.73 ± 2.79 years in age and 67.04 ± 7.93 kg in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2 x 2 cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 20 mg as propiverine hydrochloride was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of propiverine in serum were determined using HPLC method with UV detector. The dis-solution profiles of two formulations were similar at all dissolution media. Besides, the pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC" C _(max) and T _(max) were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed AUC, C_(max), and untransformed T_(max). The results showed that the differences between two formulations based on the BUP-4 were 0.17%, 7.98% and 4.55% for AUC,, C_(max), and respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically trans-formed data were within the acceptance range of log(0.8) to log(1.25) (e.g., log(0.88)-log(l .12) and log(0.90)-log(l.15) for AUC, and _(max), respectively). Thus, the criteria of the KFDA bioequivalence guideline were satisfied, indicating Kuhnil Propiverine Hydrochloride tablet was bioequivalent to BUP-4 tablet.

상악 제1대구치 근심협측 치근의 근관계에 관한 연구

조동현,최호영,박상혁,최기운 大韓齒科保存學會 2003 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.28 No.3

This study is to investigate the canal system in the mesiobuccal root of the maxillry first molar. 61 maxillary first molars were randomly selected. Serial transverse sections were made perpendicular to the long axis of the mesiobuccal root. Each section was placed in 3% sodium hypochlorite for 24 hours and rinsed in water and dried. The resected surface was stained with 2% methylene blue dye and examined with stereomicroscope. 1. Canal configuration analysis showed that 36.1% of the specimen classified as type Ⅰ, 16.4% as type Ⅱ, 37.7% as type Ⅲ and 9.8% as type Ⅳ. 2. Type Ⅱ canal was merged in one canal within 1 to 4mm of the apex. 40% of type Ⅱ cnal coverged at 2mm of the apex. 3. Type Ⅳ canal was divided into two canal within 2 to 4mm of the apex. 66.6% of type Ⅳ canal branched off at 2mm of the apex. 4. None of the sections had more than two main root canal. 5. 48.4% of the sections in 3mm with two canals contained an isthmusand more than 70% with two canals has isthmus at 4 to 5mm sections. 63.9% of the mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molar had two canaland 76.% of sections with two canals in 5MM had an isthmus. Because of this complexity the clinician should always search for extra canal carefullyand root canal system, including an isthmus, should be cleaned and shaped completelyand obturated three dimensionally for successful endodontic treatment.

Cycloheximide가 Mouse肝臟의 인산염 分解酵素의 活性에 미치는 影響

趙賢熙,鄭鎬三,李圭植 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1985 環境科學論文集 Vol.6 No.-

Cycloheximide는 Streptomyces griseus에서 추출한 항진균성 항생제로 진균의 성장을 저해하는 물질로 알려져 왔으며 포유동물의 세포에서 ribonucleic acid와 단백질 합성을 저해한다고 생화학적 방법에 의하여 보고되었다. 최근에 이르러 cycloheximide의 투여로 간세포내 소기관인 조면내형질세망 및 Golgi complex의 손상에 의해서 단백질합성이 저해된다고 형태학적으로 연구 보고된 바 있다. 이와같은 cycloheximide의 투여로 간세포가 손상을 입어 단백질합성이 저해될 때 간세포내 인산염분해효소로 분포되어 있는 acid phosphatase와 adenosine triphosphatase 활성을 추구하였다. 실험동물로는 실험실에서 사육한 건강한 ICR계 체중 20∼30gm의 mouse를 사용하였으며 정상대조군과 cycloheximide 투여군으로 구분하고 실험군은 다시 cycloheximide 투여 후 6시간군, 12시간군, 24시산군 및 36시간군으로 나누었고 각군에 10마리씩 배정하였다. Cycloheximide는 mouse의 체중 ㎏당 4㎎ 되게 생리적 식염수에 용해하여 0.1㎖를 복강내에 투여후 6시간, 12시간, 24시간 및 36시간 후에 희생시켜 간장을 적출하고 10% neutral formalin에 고정한 다음 cryostat로 두께 15㎛ 되게 동결절편을 만들어 Gomori법으로 acid phosphatase활성과 Wachstein 및 Meisel법으로 adenosine triphosphatase 활성을 관찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Cycloheximide 투여후 6시간, 12시간군 및 24시간군의 mouse 간소엽에서 중심 정맥부로 부터acid phosphatase 활성이 증가되기 시작하여 36시간군에서는 간소엽 전역에 중등도 이상의 강한 활성이 관찰되었다. 2. Cycloheximide 투여후 24시간군에서 부터 간소엽의 중심 정맥부에 ATPase 활성이 감소되기시작하여 36시간 경과군에서는 간소엽 전역에 음성반응을 나타내었다. 상기와 같은 결과는 cycloheximide 투여로 간장의 acid phosphatase는 간장이 손상을 입을 때 그 활성이 보다 강한 양성반응을 보이고 adenosine triphosphatase는 역으로 활성이 약해진다고 사료된다. It has been knwon that cycloheximide, an antifungal antibiotics extracted from streptomyces griseus, inhibits the growth of fungus. It has been reported by several investigators that this drug inhibits ribouncleic acid activity and protein synthesis of the mammalian cell. Recently, several reporters indicated that the cycloheximide causes the damage of hepatocyte. The observations by electron microscopic, histochemical and histological studies revealed that cycloheximide inhibits the RNA and protein synthesis by the injury of rough endoplasmic reticulum and the desocciation of polysome in hepatocyte. This study attempted, on the activities of acid phosphatase adenosine triphosphatase, phosphatelysis-enzymes distributed in the hepatocytes in the mouse liver. Healthy albino mice(ICR strain) of 20gm±in body weight were used as experimental animals which were divided into the control and cycloheximide treated groups. The animals of the cycloheximide treated groups were administered cycloheximide. (dissolved in physiological saline sol., by intraperitoneal injection in a dose of) 4mg per kg of body weight in a volume of 0.1ml, intraperitoneally. The experimental animals were sacrificed at intervals of 6, 12, 24 and 36 hours after administration of cycloheximide, respectively. The liver specimens were fixed with 10% neutral formalin, the sections of 15㎛ thickness were stained by Gomori, Wachstein and Meisel`s method for the detection of acid phosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase activities. The results were obtained as follows; 1. Acid phosphatase activity was increased in the central zone of liver lobule at the 6 hour and 24 hour period of the cycloheximide treated group, moderately positive activity was showed in the liver lobule at the 36 hour period group. 2. Adenosine triphosphatase activity was decressed in the centrol zone of liver lobule at the 24 hour period of the cycloheximide treated group. Negative reactions were showed in the whole liver lobules at the 36 hour period group. Consequently, it is supposed that cycloheximide caused increase of liver acid phosphatase result from liver damage, while adenosine phosphtase activity of the liver was decreased.