도시 외부공간 중 건물들의 시각적 물리량, 복잡도, 선호도 분석에 관한 연구

김도경,서주환,최재혁,류홍선 경희대학교 부설 디자인연구원 1999 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.2 No.1

Purpose of this study is to prove the relationship among the amount of surface area, the visual complex and the visual preference of Buildings in the urban space using computer simulation. It has the same results as the previous studies. In the urban Environment, especially about buildings, basic data which make possible to apply computer simulation at environment analysis will be supplied. In order to investigate the relationship between the amount of surface area and the visual complex, the visual complex and the visual preference, graphic simulation has been proceeded. Graphic factors of simulation photos are determined on the point of shape and colors(about buildings, land, and sky) The result of the relationship of the visual complex and the visual preference, and the amount of surface area and the visual preference are found to be inverse U-shape, and the result of the relationship of the amount of surface area and the visual complex is proved by the result of regression. So the same result has been obtained in computer simulation.

배추 수확기용 이송 수집부 설계

김규봉 ( Kyu Bong Kim ),신서용 ( Seo Young Shin ),주현식 ( Hyun Sik Joo ),신주원 ( Joo Won Shin ),김영길 ( Young Gil Kim ),김대철 ( Dae Cheol Kim ),김혁주 ( Hyuck Joo Kim ),손형일 ( Hyoung Il Son ),조용진 ( Yongjin Cho ) 한국농업기계학회 2020 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.25 No.2

망사형 톤백은 부패하고 변질되기 쉬운 작물 등을 손상을 없이 장기간 유통, 저장 및 보관에 유리하다. 또한, 배추와 같은 부피가 큰 농산물에도 보관 및 저장이 용이하여 현재 국내 배추 유통시 망사형 톤백을 이용하고 있다. 유통을 위하여 망사형 톤백에 배추를 적재하는 작업은 대부분 인력으로 작업하고 있다. 본 연구는 망사형 톤백을 이용하여 배추를 수집할 수 있도록 배추 수확기용 수집부 설계에 목적을 두고 있다. 배추용 망사형 톤백의 크기는 900 × 900 × 1200 mm (L × W × H), 배추 최대 적재 개수는 150개로, 최대 적재 무게는 500 kg 이다. 현재 개발 중인 배추 수확기는 D사의 4조 콤바인 주행부를 베이스로 하고 예취부, 이송부, 수집부가 베이스 위에 탑재되도록 설계하였다. 배추수확기용 수집부는 설계 프로그램인 P사의 Pro-E를 사용하여 콤바인 후면에 부착하는 형식으로 설계하였다. 설계한 배추 수확기용 수집부의 크기는 1100 × 1400 × 1480 mm (L × W × H), 무게는 150 kg 이다. 배추 수확기용 수집부는 메인 프레임과 상하차 장치로 구성되어 있다. 메인 프레임은 톤백 걸이봉 및 톤백 걸이로 구성하여, 톤백의 위치를 가변적으로 고정할 수 있도록 가변형 톤백 고정 장치를 설계하였다. 상하차 장치는 상하 조절이 가능하도록 설계하여 배추 적재 시 낙하로 인한 손상을 줄이고, 정확한 위치에 적재가 가능하도록 하였다. 망사형 톤백을 이용한 배추 수확기용 수집부 개발하여 현장에 투입하게 된다면 적재 작업시 발생하는 노동력 및 시간을 줄일 수 있어 인건비 절감 및 배추 수확 기계화에 유리하다.

Agri-environmental System Engineering and Energy : A Study on Total Mixed Ration Feeding System for Feeding Pigs (1)-Development of Monorail Traveling TMR Feeder for Grow-Finish Pigs-

( Hyuck Joo Kim ),( Byeong Kee Yu ),( Jong Tae Hong ),( Kyu Hong Choi ),( Ji Su Yu ),( Young Sin Hong ),( Yu Shin Ha ) 한국농업기계학회 2013 바이오시스템공학 Vol.38 No.4

Purpose: Recent research showed that total mixed ration (TMR) feeding for pigs improved the productivity and reduced feed cost and manure odor. An automatic TMR feeding system was developed for this study because the conventional feeder cannot deliver the TMR containing roughage. Methods: Conventional feeding systems and physical properties of TMR were surveyed, and performance tests of the conventional feeder were conducted to develop a TMR feeder. Based on the TMR feeder was developed and installed, driving, measuring weight, radio frequency identification (RFID) reading, and discharging test for feeding were conducted to ensure the performance. Results: Moisture content, density, and angle of repose of the TMR 1 (mixture of 30% cut IRG silage and 70% concentrates) were 31.6%, 387 kg/m3, and 51°, respectively. Moisture content, density, and angle of repose of the TMR 2 (mixture of 45% concentrates, 30% cut IRG silage and byproducts,10% bean curd refuse, 10% others, and 5% fermenter) were 22.2%, 544 kg/m3, and 50°, respectively. The coefficient of variation (C.V.) of conventional concentrate feeding were 1.9~4.1%, and C.V. of TMR containing 1~3% cut IRG roughage feeding by conventional feeder were 9~42%. The conventional disc type feeder was not suitable for TMR feeding because the supply unit was clogged. The C.V. of TMR 1 was 0.6~7.9% when 0.5~10 kg of the TMR supplied, and it was suitable for feeding grow-finish pigs and sows. On the contrary, the C.V. with TMR 2 was 28% when 0.5 kg of the TMR supplied, and it was not suitable for feeding sows. Conclusions: The TMR feeder developed in this study was suitable for feeding grow-finish pigs because the feeder performed stably with over 5.0 kg feed. However, the feeder showed a lack of accuracy for feeding sows because the amount of each feed was more than 0.5 kg per a feeding. Therefore, the improvement of outlet structure for accurate feeding is needed for sow feeding.

Graft-versus-host disease after kidney transplantation

Kim, Jong Man,Kim, Sung Joo,Joh, Jae-Won,Kwon, Choon Hyuck David,Jang, Kee-Taek,An, Jungsuk,Ki, Chang-Seok,Kang, Eun-Suk,Shin, Milljae,Kim, Bok Nyeo,Lee, Suk-Koo The Korean Surgical Society 2011 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research Vol.80 No.1

<P>Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a rare complication after kidney transplantation. We describe a 62-year-old female with end-stage renal disease due to hypertension. She received a kidney with 4 mismatched human leukocyte antigen (HLA) out of 6 HLA - A, B, DR from a deceased donor. After the procedure, the patient showed watery diarrhea on postoperative day (POD) 45. An endoscopic biopsy of the colon revealed some apoptotic cells consistent with GVHD. Thrombocytopenia was gradually developed on POD 54. She received steroid pulse therapy, and thrombocytopenia did not progress. However, pneumonia, renal failure, and cardiac failure occurred. She died due to multiple organ failure. We must consider GVHD in renal transplant recipients without homozygous or identical HLA, who had only watery diarrhea without other typical GVHD symptoms such as skin rash and fever, although GVHD is rare in renal transplant recipients.</P>

SER Analysis of QAM with Space Diversity in Rayleigh Fading Channels

Kim, Chang-Joo,Kim, Young-Su,Jeong, Goo-Young,Mun, Jae-Kyung,Lee, Hyuck-Jae Electronics and Telecommunications Research Instit 1996 ETRI Journal Vol.17 No.4

This paper derives the symbol error probability for quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM) with L-fold space diversity in Rayleigh fading channels. Two combining techniques, maximal ratio combining(MRC) and selection combining(SC), are considered. The formula for MRC space diversity is obtained by averaging the symbol error probability of M-ary QAM in an additive white Gaussian noise(AWGN) channel over a chi-square distribution with 2L degrees of freedom. The obtained formula overcomes the limitations of the earlier work, which has been limited only to deriving the symbol error rate(SER) of QAM with two branch MRC space diversity. The formula for SC space diversity is obtained by averaging the symbol error probability of M-ary QAM in an AWGN channel over the distribution of the maximum signal-to noise ratio among all of the diversity channels for SC space diversity has been reported yet. Analytical results show that the probability of error decreases with the order of diversity gain per additional branch decreases as the number of branches becomes larger. On the other hand, the performance of 16 QAM with MRC becomes much better than that of SC as the number of branches becomes larger. By giving the order of diversity, L, and the number of signal points, M, we have been able to obtain the SER performance of QAM with general space diversity. These results can be used to determine the order of diversity to achieve the desired SER in land mobile communication system employing QAM modulation.

Development of Rapid Diagnostic Technology for Pig Disease (2) - Rapid detection of PPE in the pig feces -

Kim, Hyuck-Joo,Hong, Jong-Tae,Yu, Byeong-Kee,Kim, Giyoung,Kim, Suk Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery 2013 바이오시스템공학 Vol.38 No.2

Purpose: Porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE), caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Lawsonia intracellularis, is a widely distributed disease throughout the world causing substantial economic loss. In order to diagnose PPE rapidly, the rapid kit was developed and tested. Methods: In this study, a rapid kit was developed to screen the PPE rapidly at the pig farm. Also, occult blood test with fecal occult blood (FOB) kit was done for detecting the blood in pig feces which might be the evident of hemorrhagic PPE. For developing the kit, we tested fecal samples of PPE infected pigs diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: With the developed rapid kit, Lawsonia intracellularis was detected in high density emulsion of ileum. On the other hand, the test result of detecting Lawsonia in feces showed too high non-specific response. In addition, nevertheless the FOB test result showed that blood evident could be founded in pig feces, the diagnosing result was not fit to PCR test result, which shows blood in pig feces could be from not only hemorrhagic PPE but also many reasons. Conclusions: To deal with the PPE effectively, it will be better for farmers to screen the PPE in earlier stage with easy and rapid diagnosing tool on farm. This study found out that the rapid kit could detect the Lawsonia intracellularis and hemoglobin in pig feces. However, the non-specific response to negative samples of PPE was too high to use at a pig farm. Further research is needed for lowering the non-specific response with the rapid kit.

Association of Uncoupling Protein-1 Haplotypes with Body Fat Area

Kim, Young-Joo,Cheong, My-Young,Cha, Min-Ho,Choi, Sun-Mi,Kim, Jong-Yeol,Kim, Kil-Soo,Shin, Seung-Uoo,Park, Young-Kyu,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Suh, Soong-Hyuck,Yoon, Yoo-Sik Korean Society for Bioinformatics and Systems Biol 2009 Interdisciplinary Bio Central (IBC) Vol.1 No.4

Obesity is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and is associated with risks for type 2 diabetes mellitus, heart disease, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, stroke, and certain forms of cancer. The glutamate decarboxylase 2 (GAD2), insulin-induced gene 2 (INSIG2), ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1), melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), fresh touring origination (FTO), and uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) genes have been investigated for their association with obesity. Since the A-3826G SNP in the UCP-1 gene was first shown to be the key genetic determinant of obesity and body fat accumulation, many studies have been performed in various populations to measure the association of the G allele of this SNP with obesity phenotypes. The association of the A-3826G SNP with obesity has been controversial, however, suggesting that one SNP does not sufficiently explain the effects of genomic variation on body fat accumulation. In this study, 9 SNPs were newly identified in the 5'-flanking region of the UCP-1 gene by direct sequencing of genomic DNA from 21 Korean subjects, and 6 haplotypes were obtained by SNP genotyping and haplotype reconstruction. According to our haplotype analysis, ht2 of the G allele of A-3826G, was significantly associated with overall fat measures after age and body weight were adjusted. Ht6 of the A allele of A-3826G, was significantly linked to reduced fat accumulation. These results provide an explanation for the controversies that have been reported in many obesity association studies and suggest that haplotype associations between polymorphic loci and neighbor loci that harbor functional sequence variants can be exploited to identify disease-predisposing alleles.

Development of Rapid Diagnostic Technology for Pig Disease(2) -Rapid detection of PPE in the pig feces-

( Hyuck Joo Kim ),( Jong Tae Hong ),( Byeong Kee Yu ),( Gi Young Kim ),( Suk Kim ) 한국농업기계학회 2013 바이오시스템공학 Vol.38 No.2

Purpose: Porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE), caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Lawsonia intracellularis, is a widely distributed disease throughout the world causing substantial economic loss. In order to diagnose PPE rapidly, the rapid kit was developed and tested. Methods: In this study, a rapid kit was developed to screen the PPE rapidly at the pig farm. Also, occult blood test with fecal occult blood (FOB) kit was done for detecting the blood in pig feces which might be the evident of hemorrhagic PPE. For developing the kit, we tested fecal samples of PPE infected pigs diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: With the developed rapid kit, Lawsonia intracellularis was detected in high density emulsion of ileum. On the other hand, the test result of detecting Lawsonia in feces showed too high non-specific response. In addition, nevertheless the FOB test result showed that blood evident could be founded in pig feces, the diagnosing result was not fit to PCR test result, which shows blood in pig feces could be from not only hemorrhagic PPE but also many reasons. Conclusions: To deal with the PPE effectively, it will be better for farmers to screen the PPE in earlier sage with easy and rapid diagnosing tool on farm. This study found out that the rapid kit could detect the Lawsonia intracellularis and hemoglobin in pig feces. However, the non-specific response to negative samples of PPE was too high to use at a pig farm. Further research is needed for lowering the non-specific response with the rapid kit.

Is cytomegalovirus infection dangerous in cytomegalovirus-seropositive recipients after liver transplantation?

Kim, Jong Man,Kim, Sung-Joo,Joh, Jae-Won,Kwon, Choon Hyuck David,Song, Sanghyun,Shin, Milljae,Moon, Ju Ik,Kim, Gaab Soo,Hong, Seung Heui,Lee, Suk-Koo W.B. Saunders Co 2011 Liver transplantation Vol.17 No.4

<P>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections contracted after liver transplantation put patients at an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. We analyzed the effects of CMV infection by time of onset, mortality, and graft failure risk factors in liver recipients who were CMV donor-positive/recipient-positive (D+/R+). We reviewed 618 medical records for consecutive adult liver transplant cases. CMV pp65 antigenemia assays to determine patient CMV status were administered monthly. The incidences of CMV infection and disease were 55.7% (344 of 618 records) and 5.5% (34 of 618 records), respectively. The differences in patient survival and graft failure rates for CMV-infected and CMV-uninfected patients were not significant (P = 0.707 and P = 0.973), but the rates were lower in patients with CMV disease than in CMV-uninfected patients (P = 0.005 and P = 0.030, respectively). The recurrence of hepatitis B virus and hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic dysfunction, infection, numerous pp65-staining cells, and CMV disease were found to be the risk factors for mortality and graft failure in CMV D+/R+ adult liver transplant patients. In conclusion, the occurrence of CMV disease, and not asymptomatic CMV infection, was a risk factor for mortality and graft failure in adult liver transplant recipients with CMV D+/R+. Liver Transpl, 2011. © 2011 AASLD.</P>

A Study on Total Mixed Ration Feeding System for Feeding Pigs (1) - Development of Monorail Traveling TMR Feeder for Grow-Finish Pigs -

Kim, Hyuck Joo,Yu, Byeong Kee,Hong, Jong Tae,Choi, Kyu Hong,Yu, Ji Su,Hong, Youngsin,Ha, Yu Shin Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery 2013 바이오시스템공학 Vol.38 No.4

Purpose: Recent research showed that total mixed ration (TMR) feeding for pigs improved the productivity and reduced feed cost and manure odor. An automatic TMR feeding system was developed for this study because the conventional feeder cannot deliver the TMR containing roughage. Methods: Conventional feeding systems and physical properties of TMR were surveyed, and performance tests of the conventional feeder were conducted to develop a TMR feeder. Based on the TMR feeder was developed and installed, driving, measuring weight, radio frequency identification (RFID) reading, and discharging test for feeding were conducted to ensure the performance. Results: Moisture content, density, and angle of repose of the TMR 1 (mixture of 30% cut IRG silage and 70% concentrates) were 31.6%, 387 $kg/m^3$, and $51^{\circ}$, respectively. Moisture content, density, and angle of repose of the TMR 2 (mixture of 45% concentrates, 30% cut IRG silage and by-products, 10% bean curd refuse, 10% others, and 5% fermenter) were 22.2%, 544 $kg/m^3$, and $50^{\circ}$, respectively. The coefficient of variation (C.V.) of conventional concentrate feeding were 1.9~4.1%, and C.V. of TMR containing 1~3% cut IRG roughage feeding by conventional feeder were 9~42%. The conventional disc type feeder was not suitable for TMR feeding because the supply unit was clogged. The C.V. of TMR 1 was 0.6~7.9% when 0.5~10 kg of the TMR supplied, and it was suitable for feeding grow-finish pigs and sows. On the contrary, the C.V. with TMR 2 was 28% when 0.5 kg of the TMR supplied, and it was not suitable for feeding sows. Conclusions: The TMR feeder developed in this study was suitable for feeding grow-finish pigs because the feeder performed stably with over 5.0 kg feed. However, the feeder showed a lack of accuracy for feeding sows because the amount of each feed was more than 0.5 kg per a feeding. Therefore, the improvement of outlet structure for accurate feeding is needed for sow feeding.