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The level of urinary aflatoxin M1 in Korean adults
Yong-Dae Kim1, Hyojin Kwon, Sun-In Moon, Sang-Yong Eom, Jung-Duk Park, Byung-Sun Choi, Seok-Joon Sohn, Young-Seoub Hong, Ho Kim, Ho-Jang Kwon, Ji-Ae Lim, Hae-Jung Yoon, Gwang-Jin Kim, Heon Kim 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.3
Competitive ELISA methods were used to measure the level of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) from urine in 1008 Korean adults. Subjects were selected by random sampling in all areas of Korea, except Cheju-do. The recovery rate of AFM1 using this method was 105% (73-124%). The geometric mean of urinary AFM1 in all subjects was 3.43 pg/mL (3.67 ng/g creatinine). The level of AFM1 in males was statistically higher, compared with female subjects. However, the levels of AFM1 did not differ according to age. Subjects in Chungbuk-do showed the highest urinary AFM1 concentration, whereas subjects in Kyeongnam-do showed the lowest concentration. Assuming an excretion rate of 5%, this AFM1 excretion corresponds to approximately 0.1 microgram/day in Korean adults.
21세기 일본 오타쿠문화의 행방: ‘코미케 스페셜’의 변모를 중심으로
김효진 ( Kim¸ Hyojin ) 현대일본학회 2020 日本硏究論叢 Vol.51 No.-
본 논문은 40년 이상의 역사를 가진 일본 최대 규모의 이벤트인 <코믹마켓>이 5년에 1회, 특별 행사로서 개최하는 <코미케 스페셜>의 변모를 분석하고, 이를 통해 2000년대 이후 일본 오타쿠문화가 주류사회와의 관계를 어떻게 규정해 왔는가를 추적하고 이러한 변화가 내포한 문제점을 비판적으로 고찰하고자 한다. 1년에 2회, 동인지의 배포와 교류를 주 내용으로 하는 동인지 즉매회가 중심인 코미케 본행사와는 달리 코미케 스페셜은 코믹마켓준비회가 특정한 테마를 바탕으로 만화와 관련이 있는 다양한 기획을 실행하는 장으로서 기획되었다. 실제 이벤트 내용과 기획의도를 살펴보면 2005년에 열린 4회까지는 ‘놀이의 장’으로서, 오타쿠문화의 내부자가 즐기기 위한 내용으로 구성되었다면 2010년과 2015년에 열린 5회와 6회에서는 주류사회의 이슈를 반영하여 각각 지역활성화와 쿨재팬 정책과의 관련성이 강화되는 방향으로 나타나고 있다. 특히 6회에서 채택된 <오타쿠 신세기 선언> 및 코미케 관련 단체로서 <국제 오타쿠 엑스포협회>의 발족에서 드러나는 오타쿠문화의 일본적인 특성에 대한 강조는 중앙정부에 의한 오타쿠문화의 전유라는 측면에서 많은 문제를 제기한다. 결론적으로 2000년대 이후 일본 내부에서도 주목하기 시작한 경제적 중요성과 세계적인 위상으로 인해 코미케가 더 이상 주류사회와의 접점을 피할 수 없다면, 주류사회의 ‘어떤’ 행위자와 ‘어떤’ 방식 의 접점을 만들어갈 것인가야말로 앞으로 코미케가 마주한 새로운 도전일 것이다. This study examined how Japanese otaku culture has defined its relationship with mainstream Japanese society since the 2000s by analyzing the changes in Comike Special (CS), the special event of the Comic Market, which is held every five years. Comike Special is designed as an event involving unique performances and events, which cannot be done at regular Comic Market, with a different theme for each event. For example, from CS 1 to CS 4, each CS focused on ‘entertainment for otaku’, by offering a range of performances, symposia, and talk shows. On the other hand, CS 5 with the theme ‘Townmaking by Comiket’ and CS 6 with the theme ‘OTAKU SUMMIT’, closely reflected the interests of mainstream society in otaku culture and appeared to meet its expectations toward otaku and comic market. Moreover, < Declaration of the New Otaku Century > and the inauguration of the International Otaku Expo Association, which are designed as a part of CS 6, are problematic because the emphasis on Japan as the origin of otaku culture came from the appropriation of otaku culture by the Japanese government. In conclusion, the future of Comiket depends on what kind of agency it will co-operate with and what kind of congruence will emerge as a result, as far as mainstream society is interested in Comiket.
Genetic heterogeneity of liver cancer stem cells
Minjeong Kim(Minjeong Kim),Kwang-Woo Jo(Kwang-Woo Jo),Hyojin Kim(Hyojin Kim),Myoung-Eun Han(Myoung-Eun Han),Sae-Ock Oh(Sae-Ock Oh) 대한해부학회 2023 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.56 No.1
Cancer cell heterogeneity is a serious problem in the control of tumor progression because it can cause chemoresistance and metastasis. Heterogeneity can be generated by various mechanisms, including genetic evolution of cancer cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs), and niche heterogeneity. Because the genetic heterogeneity of CSCs has been poorly characterized, the genetic mutation status of CSCs was examined using Exome-Seq and RNA-Seq data of liver cancer. Here we show that different surface markers for liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) showed a unique propensity for genetic mutations. Cluster of differentiation 133 (CD133)-positive cells showed frequent mutations in the IRF2, BAP1, and ERBB3 genes. However, leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5-positive cells showed frequent mutations in the CTNNB1, RELN, and ROBO1 genes. In addition, some genetic mutations were frequently observed irrespective of the surface markers for LCSCs. BAP1 mutations was frequently observed in CD133-, CD24-, CD13-, CD90-, epithelial cell adhesion molecule-, or keratin 19-positive LCSCs. ASXL2, ERBB3, IRF2, TLX3, CPS1, and NFATC2 mutations were observed in more than three types of LCSCs, suggesting that common mechanisms for the development of these LCSCs. The present study provides genetic heterogeneity depending on the surface markers for LCSCs. The genetic heterogeneity of LCSCs should be considered in the development of LCSC-targeting therapeutics.
Micro-/nano-sized delivery systems of ginsenosides for improved systemic bioavailability
Kim, Hyeongmin,Lee, Jong Hyuk,Kim, Jee Eun,Kim, Young Su,Ryu, Choong Ho,Lee, Hong Joo,Kim, Hye Min,Jeon, Hyojin,Won, Hyo-Joong,Lee, Ji-Yun,Lee, Jaehwi The Korean Society of Ginseng 2018 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.42 No.3
Ginsenosides, dammarane-type triterpene saponins obtained from ginseng, have been used as a natural medicine for many years in the Orient due to their various pharmacological activities. However, the therapeutic potential of ginsenosides has been largely limited by the low bioavailability of the natural products caused mainly by low aqueous solubility, poor biomembrane permeability, instability in the gastrointestinal tract, and extensive metabolism in the body. To enhance the bioavailability of ginsenosides, diverse micro-/nano-sized delivery systems such as emulsions, polymeric particles, and vesicular systems have been investigated. The delivery systems improved the bioavailability of ginsenosides by enhancing solubility, permeability, and stability of the natural products. This mini-review aims to provide comprehensive information on the micro-/nano-sized delivery systems for increasing the bioavailability of ginsenosides, which may be helpful for designing better delivery systems to maximize the versatile therapeutic potential of ginsenosides.
Analysis in Research PRODUCTIVITY in the Hospitality Area
Hyojin Kim,Heungsik Park J-INSTITUTE 2021 International Journal of Human & Disaster Vol.6 No.1
Purpose: This study has the following three purposes. First, this study compares the results of research by Kim et al.(2013) with the results of this study and analyzes how much tourism and hospitality professionals have contributed to the academia since 2010. Second, this study analyzes the contribution of researchers according to their positions. Third, the targeted subjects of this study are English-written journals. This study analyzes whether the group of researchers who speak English as their mother language has a high contribution to English-speaking journals or whether the group of non-English-speaking researchers is high. Method: This study carries out the analysis using the research methods of Sheldon(1991) and Kim et al.(2013). The journals for the analysis of research productivity for this study were selected as Journal of Travel Research, Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, and Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research listed in the Social Science Citation Index(SSCI). Information on all research papers published from 2000 to 2015 was collected from the three journals, and analyses of authorship and research productivity were conducted. Results: The results of the study are as follows. First, there is no big difference between the tourism and hospitality researchers in the contribution of the three journals over the period. However, it is evident that the degree of contribution of non-tourism and non-hospitality professionals to academic journals increased by about 5% over the five years from 2011 to 2015. Second, although there are somewhat differences by journals, it was analyzed that overall, the group of full professors showed higher productivity of research papers than the group of associate and assistant professors. Third, even though they are non-English-speaking researchers, non-English-speaking researchers consistently contribute to English-speaking journals. Conclusion: Based on the results, this study comes to a conclusion that academic interactions between tourism and hospitality fields and other disciplines are increasing, so many topics that are able to be linked to other disciplines and tourism and hospitality fields should be discussed for academic development. Also, this study shows a contradiction that is the expectation that research productivity in the group of assistant professors is higher than other positions for reasons such as tenured position. Lastly, this study turns out that the productivity of non-English-speaking researchers is significant even in English-written journals.
Transparent Conductive Films of Copper Nanofiber Network Fabricated by Electrospinning
Kim, Sungyeoul,Lee, Hyundong,Kim, Dahye,Ko, DaAe,Kim, Dojin,Kim, Hyojin,Yoon, Soon-Gil Hindawi Limited 2015 Journal of nanomaterials Vol.2015 No.-
<P>Cu nanofiber networks can be a good alternative of the Ag nanowire of high electrical conductivity while having the advantage of low price. An electrospinning method was developed to fabricate copper nanofiber network for use as a transparent conductive film on glass substrate. The effects of liquid diluents for electrospinning processability were examined in relation to the subsequent Cu nanofiber formation processes. Electrospinning solutions of copper acetate/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and copper nitrate trihydrate/polyvinyl butyral (PVB) were investigated. The polymer mixing solutions influenced the subsequent annealing temperatures for removal of the polymers and reduction of the formed CuO nanofibers to Cu metal nanofibers. The morphology and structures of the formed nanofiber networks were examined by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and so forth. The mixture with PVB provided lower annealing temperatures suitable for application to flexible substrates.</P>
Vaginal leiomyoma in an adolescent woman
( Hyojin Kim ),( Taewon Jeong ),( Gyeongjin Kim ),( Yeongho Lee ),( Gyeonga Kim ),( Sanggi Hong ),( Sukyeong Beak ),( Jeongbeom Moon ),( Juhyang Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.102 No.-
We report a case of vaginal wall leiomyoma in a young lady. Vaginal wall is a rare area that leiomyoma occurs which has reported approximately 300cases until now whose average age is 35~50years old. But, the patient we report is 18 years old adolescent women with sexually virgin. She presented first at local gynecology clinic with frequent(every two weeks) menstruation and for excluding organic causes rectal ultrasonography was done. Through ultrasonography, 3.5 cm sized vaginal wall mass was observed. The patient was referred to Jesus hospital gynecology clinic. Digital rectal examination was done and it is confirmed that there was no rectal mucosal invasion and there is no tenderness. To know the character of the mass and relationship with surrounding organs, MRI was done. The mass was probably seen leiomyoma and located in rectovaginal septum. The surgery was planned for the pathologic diagnosis and, because the patient was sexually virgin, the mass removal was done by rectovaginal approach. The patient was recovered without complications and final pathologic diagnosis was vaginal wall leiomyoma.