천연 Zeolite를 이용한 매립지 침출수의 고농도 암모니아성 질소 제거에 관한 연구

오재일,홍성효,이선구,최영화,안봉규 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 2002 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.32 No.-

천연 제올라이트의 일종인 Clinoptilolite를 이용하여 매립지 침출수내의 암모니아성 질소를 제거하는 실험을 수행하였다. 고정상 칼럼을 이용한 인공 침출수와 실제 침출수 조건의 실험에서 배출농도가 유입농도의 5%인 시점을 파과점으로 상정할 때, 인공 침출수 조건에서의 파괴시간은 53hr, 실제 침출수 조건에서의 파과시간은 32.5hr으로 나타났다. 또한, 허용 파과점 및 소모점에서의 제올라이트 100g(건조중량)당 제거된 암모늄 이온 성분량은 인공 침출수의 경우 각각 79.30meq/100g, 93.34meq/100g이었으며, 실제 침출수의 경우 각각 48.60meq/100g, 57.60meq/100g으로 나타났다. 침출수 조건의 경우 인공 침출수에 비해 약 39% 가량의 제거 효율 저하를 보이고 있으며, 이는 실제 침출수에 존재하고 있는 공존 양이온의 영향으로 사료된다. 실제 침출수 내에서 공존 양이온의 용출 특성을 보면, Na, Ca, Mg의 용출량은 증가하나 K는 용출량이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. This experiment was conducted to remove the ammonia nitrogen in the landfill leachate by Clinoptilolite which is a sort of the natural zeolite. In fixed-bed column test driven in the artificial and actual condition of the leachate, when the ejection concentration was supposed the point of 5% of the initial concentration as the breakthrough point, the breakthrough time was 53hr in the artificial condition of the leachate and was 32.5hr in the actual condition of the leachate. The ingredient volume of the removed ammonium ion per 100g(based upon the dry weight) of the zeolite in the allowed breakthrough point and exhaustion point were individually 79.30meq/100g, 93.34meq/100g in the artificial leachate and 48.60meq/100g, 57.60meq/100g in the actual leachate. In case of the actual condition of the leachate, the removal efficiency was decreased by 39% than the artificial condition of the leachate, and it seems to be caused by the coexist cation in the actual leachate. The ejection characteristics of the coexist cation in the actual leachate was observed that Na, Ca, Mg was increased and K was decreased.

대학생들의 우울장애에 관한 연구 : 유병율, 위험요인, 자살행동 및 기능장애

노명선,전홍진,이해우,이효정,한성구,함봉진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.5

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and correlates of major and minor depressive disorders in college students. Methods : A cross-sectional study was completed on a sample of 906 students (507 men and 399 women) with the self-administered form of Korean version of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (K-MINI). Results : Estimated 12-month prevalence of major depressive disorder was 4.2% in men and 9.5% in women, and that of minor depressive disorder was 15.4% in men and 23.2% in women. The factors, 'female gender' and 'age of 20-21', were significantly associated with major depressive disorder. 'Poor adaptation to school' was significantly associated with major depressive disorder both in men and women, but 'poor interpersonal relationship' and 'history of school withdrawal' were associated only in men. Idea of self-injury and suicidal behaviors (suicidal ideation, plan and attempt) were significantly associated with major depressive disorder in women, but were not associated with minor depressive disorder. Conclusion : Major and minor depressive disorders are highly prevalent in the college students. Major depressive disorder was more associated with dysfunctions and suicidal behaviors than minor depressive disorder. Campus-based mental health service is needed for the high-risk students.

대학생들의 자살관련행동에 관한 연구

노명선,전홍진,이해우,이효정,한성구,함봉진 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.1

Objectives : This study evaluated the prevalence of suicide-related behaviors (suicidal ideation, plan and attempt) and the status of depression, anxiety and function in college students. Methods : A cross-sectional study was completed to a sample of 880 students with the self-administered form of Korean version of the Mini International Neuropsychiathc Interview (K-MINI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results : Estimated lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation was 39.2%, that of suicidal plan was 4.7% and that of suicidal attempt was 3.0%. Students with any suicide-related behaviors showed higher lifetime prevalence of major and minor depression, higher BDI and BAI scores, and poor intemersonal relationship, adaptation to college life and physical health compared to the students with no suicide-related behaviors. The average points of grades during their college life were not significantly different according to kinds of suicide-related behaviors they expehenced (F=0.39, P=0.82). 96% of suicidal attempters did not use mental health services. Conclusion : Results suggest that a high proportion of college students experience suicide-related behaviors. The Stu-dents who had experienced suicide-related behaviors showed higher depression and anxiety and poorer function compared to students with no suicide-related behaviors. Most of suicidal attempters, however, did not use mental health service Establishing campus mental health system is necessary to early detect mental health problems and to prevent suicide of college students.

Effect of zinc and calcium on the intracelularly uptake of cadimium and growth of escherichia coli

Hong, Hyo-Bong,Brown, Lewis R.,Kim, Jong-Kyu The Microbiological Society of Korea 1995 The journal of microbiology Vol.33 No.4

E. coli was tested for their ability to uptake cadmium intracellularly, and the effect of zinc and calcium on cadmium toxicity to E. coli was observed. In addition, the effect of zinc and calcium on the uptake of cadimium was also studied. This study showed that living E. coli cells took up more cadmium than the dead cells. E. coli in the log phase uptake cadimiumm more actively than E. coli in the stationary phase. These results suggested that there may be metabolic reactions or compounds which encourage the uptake of cadimium. This study also showed that cadimium was sequestered by cell components of which molecular weight is about 30,000. Adding of zinc and calcium chloride reduced cadmium toxicity in E. coli and encouraged intracellular uptake by E coli. However adding of heavy metal solutions helped the microorganisms to adsorb more cadmium. Extremely high or low concentrations of zinc, however, did not affect cell viability.

햅틱 기술 개발 현황 및 동향

홍효봉(Hyo-bong Hong),박연규(Yeon-Gyu Park) 한국정보과학회 2013 정보과학회지 Vol.31 No.2

Gene regulatory cascade of senescence-associated NAC transcription factors activated by ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE2-mediated leaf senescence signalling in <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Kim, Hyo Jung,Hong, Sung Hyun,Kim, You Wang,Lee, Il Hwan,Jun, Ji Hyung,Phee, Bong-Kwan,Rupak, Timilsina,Jeong, Hana,Lee, Yeonmi,Hong, Byoung Seok,Nam, Hong Gil,Woo, Hye Ryun,Lim, Pyung Ok Oxford University Press 2014 Journal of experimental botany Vol.65 No.14

<P>Leaf senescence is a finely tuned and genetically programmed degeneration process, which is critical to maximize plant fitness by remobilizing nutrients from senescing leaves to newly developing organs. Leaf senescence is a complex process that is driven by extensive reprogramming of global gene expression in a highly coordinated manner. Understanding how gene regulatory networks involved in controlling leaf senescence are organized and operated is essential to decipher the mechanisms of leaf senescence. It was previously reported that the trifurcate feed-forward pathway involving <I>EIN2</I>, <I>ORE1</I>, and <I>miR164</I> in <I>Arabidopsis</I> regulates age-dependent leaf senescence and cell death. Here, new components of this pathway have been identified, which enhances knowledge of the gene regulatory networks governing leaf senescence. Comparative gene expression analysis revealed six senescence-associated NAC transcription factors (TFs) (ANAC019, AtNAP, ANAC047, ANAC055, ORS1, and ORE1) as candidate downstream components of ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE2 (EIN2). EIN3, a downstream signalling molecule of EIN2, directly bound the <I>ORE1</I> and <I>AtNAP</I> promoters and induced their transcription. This suggests that EIN3 positively regulates leaf senescence by activating <I>ORE1</I> and <I>AtNAP</I>, previously reported as key regulators of leaf senescence. Genetic and gene expression analyses in the <I>ore1 atnap</I> double mutant revealed that ORE1 and AtNAP act in distinct and overlapping signalling pathways. Transient transactivation assays further demonstrated that ORE1 and AtNAP could activate common as well as differential NAC TF targets. Collectively, the data provide insight into an EIN2-mediated senescence signalling pathway that coordinates global gene expression during leaf senescence via a gene regulatory network involving EIN3 and senescence-associated NAC TFs.</P>

<i>TNF-α</i> (<i>−308 G/A</i>) and <i>CD14</i> (<i>−159T/C</i>) polymorphisms in the bronchial responsiveness of Korean children with asthma

Hong, Soo-Jong,Kim, Hyo-Bin,Kang, Mi-Jin,Lee, So-Yeon,Kim, Ja-Hyung,Kim, Bong-Seong,Jang, Seong-Ok,Shin, Hyung-Doo,Park, Choon-Sik Elsevier 2007 The journal of allergy and clinical immunology Vol.119 No.2

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>TNF-α is a pivotal proinflammatory cytokine increased in asthmatic airways. The <I>TNF-α</I> gene family might be linked to asthma or bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), and TNF-α production might be modulated by CD14<SUP>+</SUP> cells.</P><P><B>Objective</B></P><P>We investigated the association between asthma susceptibility or asthma-related phenotypes and <I>TNF-α</I> (<I>−308G/A</I>) polymorphism and examined the combined effect with <I>CD14</I> (<I>−159T/C</I>) polymorphism in Korean children.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Asthmatic (n = 788) and control (n = 153) children were evaluated for asthma phenotypes. Genotypes were determined by using the single-base extension method and PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>There was no difference between asthmatic children and control subjects in terms of the allele frequencies of <I>TNF-α</I> (<I>−308G/A</I>) and <I>CD14</I> (<I>−159T/C</I>). Significantly lower PC<SUB>20</SUB> values were seen in asthmatic (<I>P</I> = .016) children with the <I>TNF-α</I> risk allele (<I>−308A</I>). Higher frequencies of 1 or 2 copies of the risk allele were found in asthmatic children with moderate-to-severe BHR to methacholine and exercise compared with control children (adjusted odds ratio of 2.57 [95% CI, 1.30-5.08] and adjusted odds ratio of 2.04 [95% CI 0.99-4.20], respectively). In addition, asthmatic children with risk alleles at both loci had significantly greater BHR than those homozygous for the common alleles (<I>P</I> = .018).</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>The <I>TNF-α</I> promoter polymorphism (<I>−308G/A</I>) might be associated with severe BHR in Korean children with asthma. In addition, these children show a synergistic effect between the <I>TNF-α</I> promoter (<I>−308A</I>) and <I>CD14</I> promoter (<I>−159C</I>) polymorphisms in terms of BHR.</P><P><B>Clinical implications</B></P><P>The <I>TNF-α</I> polymorphism might be a disease-modifying gene in asthma and modulated by the <I>CD14</I> gene.</P>

The Rate of Conversion from Immune-tolerant Phase to Early Immune-clearance Phase in Children with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Hong, Suk Jin,Park, Hyo Jung,Chu, Mi Ae,Choi, Bong Seok,Choe, Byung-Ho The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2014 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.17 No.1

Purpose: The spontaneous seroconversion rate of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection in children is lower than that in adults. However, few studies have investigated the rate of transition from the immune-tolerant to the early immune-clearance phase in children. Methods: From February 2000 to August 2011, we enrolled 133 children aged <18 years who had visited the Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University Hospital. All subjects were in the immune-tolerant phase of HBeAg-positive CHB virus infection. The estimated transition rate into the early immune-clearance phase was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Among the 133 enrolled pediatric CHB virus infection patients in the HBeAg-positive immune-tolerant phase, only 21 children (15.8%) had converted to the early immune-clearance phase. The average age at entry into active hepatitis was $10.6{\pm}4.8$ years. The incidence of transition from the immune-tolerant to the early immune-clearance phase in these children was 1.7 episodes/100 patient-years. When analyzed by age, the estimated transition rate was 4.6%, 7.1%, and 28.0% for patients aged <6, 6-12, >12 years, respectively. Conclusion: In children with CHB virus infection, the estimated rate of entry into the early immune-clearance phase was 28.0% for patients aged 12-18 years, which was significantly higher than that observed for children aged <12 years (11.7%; p=0.001).

Effects of Design Parameters on Performance of the Stirling Refrigerator

Hong, Yon-Ju,Park, Seong-Je,Kim, Hyo-Bong,Park, Young-Don The Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity a 2004 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.6 No.2

The split-type free displacer Stirling refrigerators have been widely used for the cooling of infrared sensors and HTS filters. The thermodynamic and electric performance of the Stirling refrigerator is depending on the design and operating parameters. In the Stirling refrigerator with a free displacer, the refrigeration power is a function of the pressure wave in the expansion space, dynamics of a displacer, driving frequency, and etc.. In this study, the analysis of the small Stirling refrigerator was performed to investigate the effects of design parameters on the cooling capacity. The results show the effects of charging pressure, driving frequency, cold end temperature, natural frequency of a displacer and volume of expansion space on the performance of the Stirling refrigerator.

Inter-comparison Analysis Between KARI and KMA Lightning Observation Data around Space Center

Bong-Jae Kuk,Jong-Sung Ha,Hong-Il Kim,Hyo-Keun Lee 한국기상학회 2008 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.-