Linguistic Variations between English News Headlines in the U.S. and Those in Korea

( Hye Kyung Lee ) 경희대학교 언어연구소 2012 언어연구 Vol.29 No.2

Lee, Hye-Kyung, 2012, linguistic Variations between English News Headlines in the U.S. and Those in Korea, Linguistic Research 29(2), 329-350, This paper aims to address the similarities and differences between headlines of English political news in America and those in Korea. Acknowledging the contribution of the previous research towards the understanding of news headlines, the current paper investigates how the composing of news headlines is influenced by and interrelated with extra-linguistic factors such as the consideration of the target audience`s knowledge states or interests. For this purpose, two sets of data are collected from major online news sites within both countries and the collected data are classified according to the working criteria, especially in terms of employed structural patterns. The results regarding the comparison of the two sets of headlines reveal that headlines in Korean data employ shorter sentential headlines and a smaller variety of tense/aspect of sentences compared to American English counterparts. It is also discovered that cultural factors such as naming conventions practiced in the linguistic/cultural communities are taken into account. These differences are attributed to the consideration of the target audience`s multi-faceted states such as knowledge states, beliefs, or interests. At the same time, the two sets of data show similarities in terms of the variety of structural patterns they deploy.

박경리의 소설에 나타난 비극적 세계관 연구 -『김약국의 딸들』을 중심으로-

이혜경(Lee, Hye-kyung) 우리말글학회 2020 우리말 글 Vol.84 No.-

이 논문은 박경리의 장편소설 『김약국의 딸들』에서 부각되는 ‘비극(悲劇)’의 의미를 니체의 이론을 원용하여 살펴보고자 한다. 니체는 비극에 대해서 이성과 꿈의 ‘아폴론적인 것’과 감성과 도취의 ‘디오니소스적인 것’으로 구분한다. 이것은 삶을 구성하는 두 원리로도 이해될 수 있다. 즉『김약국의 딸들』에서는 ‘도덕적 가치’(아폴론적)에 억압되는 부모와, ‘자연적 가치’(디오니소스적)를 욕망하는 딸들이라는 측면에서 세대별로 구분된다. 우선 ‘김약국’은 가문의 존속을 위해 근친상간에 대한 소망과 현실을 벗어나고자 하는 의지를 체념하면서 비애에 갇힌 삶으로 일관한다. 그리고 ‘한실댁’은 가족의 안위를 위해서 주어진 삶에 관습적으로 복종하는 전통적인 여성상을 보여준다. 다음으로 ‘용숙/용란’은 현실의 일탈과 분별없는 방종을 시도하는 인물들로 본능의 충실에서 빚어진 욕정이 강조된다. 그리고 ‘용빈/용옥’은 홀로 된 고독과 소외를 느끼는 인물들로 종교에 몰두하며 구원을 염원한다. 이처럼 부모와 자식 세대는 각각의 가치관에 의해 살아가지만, 공통적으로 비극의 형태를 산출한다는 점에서 문제의식을 낳는다. 여기서 주지해야 할 것은, 작가 박경리는『김약국의 딸들』의 서사에서 비극적 양상을 형상화하는 것을 넘어서 한 차원 고양된 의식을 내포하고 있다는 사실이다. 니체가 디오니소스적 긍정을 강조하고 있는 것처럼, 비극적 상황들은 ‘용빈’을 통해 운명애(運命愛)로 수용되며, 또한 ‘용혜’를 통해 생성의 세계를 제시하고 있는 것이다. 즉 음양(陰陽)이 교차하는 생(生)의 원리처럼, 현존재에게 비극으로 실존의 위기에 놓이더라도 새로운 삶의 가능성이 도래한다는 것을 말하고 있다. The purpose of this study is to examine the meaning of ‘tragedy’ highlighted in Park Kyung-ni’s full-length novel, 『Daughters of Kim"s pharmacy』, by quoting Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche’s theories. Nietzsche divides tragedy into being ‘Apollonian’ of reason and dream and being ‘Dionysian’ of sensitivity and intoxication. This can be understood as two principles that form life. In other words, the generations in 『Daughters of Kim"s pharmacy』 are distinguished in the aspect that the parents are suppressed by ‘ethical value’ (being Apollonian) while the daughters desire ‘natural value’ (being Dionysian). First of all, ‘pharmacist Kim’ sticks to life trapped in grief giving up his will to escape from reality and wish for incest to maintain the family. ‘Ms. Hansil’ shows an image of traditional women surrendering to life that is given customarily for the comfort of her family. Next, ‘Yongsuk/Yongran’ are the characters trying deviation from reality as well as reckless self-indulgence, and desire arising from their faith to instinct is highlighted in them. Also, ‘Yongbin/Yongok’, the characters feeling alienated and lonely being all by themselves, wish for the salvation immersed into religion. As written above, the parent and child generations live by their own values, but they produce the form of tragedy commonly, which raises the critical mind. What we have to focus on here is that in the narrative of 『Daughters of Kim"s pharmacy』, writer Park Kyung-ni implies one-level heightened consciousness going beyond just embodying the aspect of tragedy. Just like Nietzsche stressing Dionysian positivity, she accepts tragic conditions as love of fate through ‘Yongbin’ and also suggests the world of generation through ‘Yonghye’. In other words, like the principle of life in which yin and yang come in turn, she tells what is present about the possibility of new life coming even if it exists in the risk of presence due to tragedy.

노인의 영적 간호요구

최미혜,김경희,김귀옥,김기숙,김수강,김정신,김춘숙,노흥진,박지연,성혜연,오명선,이선희,이원옥,이윤영,이현수,장명재,차혜경,채정선,홍상희 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2001 중앙간호논문집 Vol.5 No.1

This study was designed to exam the aged's needs for spiritual nursing care. The purpose was to serve as a basis for the development of spiritual nursing practice. The major findings are as follows : 1. The degree of needs for spiritual nursing care as area was that needs of love and relationship mean 22.0, needs of meaning and object mean 28.2, needs of forgiving mean 13.5. Total needs for spiritual nursing care mean 63.7, which was on the upper middle level. The needs of meaning and object was rated highest. 2. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of love and relatiohship wasn't significanlty different. 3. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of meaning and object was significantly different according to two factors : age(F=7.260, p=0.001), religion(F=5.275, p=0.001). Higher needs of meaning and object was possessed by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other. 4. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, four factors made a significantly difference to needs of forgiving : sex(t=-2.851, p=0.006), age(F=8.201, p=0.001), religion(F=6.928, p=0.000), disease(t=2.327, p=0.024). Higher needs of forgiving was possessed by man than woman, by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other, by the one who have disease than the other.

박경리의 『파시』에 나타난 타자 의식 연구 -‘고통’과 ‘책임’의 윤리를 중심으로-

이혜경 ( Lee Hye-kyung ) 경희대학교 인문학연구원 2019 인문학연구 Vol.0 No.40

이 논문은 박경리의 장편소설 『파시』에 나타난 타자 의식에 대해 레비나스의 이론을 원용하여 살펴보고자 한다. 레비나스에 의하면 주체는 타자의 존재로 인해 그 주체성이 성립될 수 있음을 말하며, 타자의 고통을 환대하고 대속(代贖)적 책임을 져야 한다고 강조한다. 이러한 윤리적 태도의 요청은 『파시』에서도 잘 드러나고 있다. 『파시』는 크게 두 서사를 중심축으로 전개되고 있으며, 각각 ‘신체’와 ‘의식’이 문제적으로 제시되고 있다. 먼저 ‘수옥/학수’로서, 수옥은 전쟁으로 인한 피난민 여성으로 신체를 유린당한다. 이러한 타자의 ‘고통’을 희생적 태도로 ‘책임’을 지고자 하는 주체가 학수이다. 다음으로 ‘명화/응주’로서, 명화는 광기라는 혈통에 고뇌하는 지식인 여성으로 의식이 절하된다. 이러한 타자의 ‘고통’을 완전히 수용하지 못하고 자신의 의식적 혼돈으로 인해 ‘책임’에서 멀어져 있는 주체가 응주이다. 결론적으로 수옥은 새로운 생명을 잉태함으로써 단절이 아닌 ‘지속(持續)’의 가능성을 보여주고, 명화는 현실을 벗어남으로써 새롭게 삶을 ‘재생(再生)’하게 된다. 이로써 타자들의 불행한 삶은 실존의 의미를 추구해 가는 과정이었다는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 그렇다면, 『파시』라는 ‘제목’과 ‘서사’와의 상관성을 주목해 볼 필요가 있는데, 이를 통해 작가 의식 또한 추론해 볼 수 있다. ‘파시(波市)’는 이해득실에 따라 거래가 성립되는 것을 뜻하는 것으로, 여기에는 개개인의 타산적 욕망이 중요하게 작용한다. 예컨대 서울댁과 서영래는 수옥의 ‘신체’를 거래의 대상으로 삼았고, 박 의사는 명화의 ‘혈통(광기)’을 거부의 대상으로 삼음으로써 각각 비윤리적인 태도를 보여준다. 그러므로 작가 박경리는 타자가 지닌 고유한 인간으로서의 존엄성을 심각하게 훼손하는 작품의 형상화를 통해, 인간이 지녀야 할 진정한 윤리적 지향점과 그 실천적 태도를 제시하고 있는 것이다. This thesis intends to take a look at the theory of Emmanuel Levinas regarding the consciousness of the other party (l'Autre) displayed on 『Pasi』, a long novel of Park, Kyung-ri. According to Levinas, the main subject may establish the identity due to the existence of the other party and it emphasizes that the pain of the other party is to be hospitable and take up the redeemable responsibility. The request on such ethical attitude is demonstrated well no 『Pasi』. 『Pasi』 has two narratives to be deployed on the pivotal aspect and it presents each of 'body' and 'consciousness' for the issues. First of all, there were 'Soo-ok and Hak-soo', and with respect to Soo-ok, she was violated of her body as a refugee woman of war. With the sacrificial attitude of 'pain' inflicted on other parties, the subject to take on the 'responsibility' is Hak-soo. Next issue would be 'Myeong-hwa and Ong-joo' that Myeong-hwa was an intelligent woman who was antagonized of her lineage in madness with the decline of consciousness. Ong-joo was the subject to be far distance away from the 'responsibility' due to the conscious chaos herself with unable to completely accommodating the 'pain' of the other party. Conclusively, Soo-ok conceived a new life to display the possibility of 'sustenance', not the disconnection, while Myeong-hwa broke away from the reality for 'regeneration' a new life. Henceforth, the unfortunate lives of the other parties are affirmed that it is a process to pursue the existential implication. If so, it is imperative to take a look at the relativity between the title of 『Pasi』 and 'Narrative', and through this endeavor, the consciousness of the writer can also be presumed. 'Pasi' means to establish a transaction depending on pros and cons that it has the self-egoistic desire of each individual to work with significant implication. For example, Seoul Lady and Seo, Young-lae had taken the 'body' of Soo-ok as the subject of trading while doctor Park had taken the 'lineage (madness)' of Myeong-hwa as the subject of refusal in a way of displaying the unethical attitude of respective party. Therefore, the author, Park, Kyung-ri, suggests the genuine and ethical focal point and practical attitude for a human to keep through the imagery of work that seriously damages the dignity as a unique human being for the other party to keep.

췌장 선방세포암 1예

이화정,지준호,박승찬,박정철,최은정,서혜진,이원식,이정림,배병조,손경락,이경희 영남대학교 의과대학 2008 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.25 No.2

Acinar cell carcinoma is a rare tumor that represents 1~2% of al1 pancreatic cancers. Clinical and radiologic findings are inconclusive in this disease Acinar cell carcinoma is characterized by rapid progression and early metastasis, which lead to its poor prognosis. A 41-year-o1d man was admitted to our hospital for abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) showed a splenic mass, which was being invaded by a pancreatic tail mass and which had increased ^(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake Primary radical distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy were performed. Pathologic findings revealed an acinar cell carcinoma of the Pancreas The patient underwent a total gastrectomy three months later because of gastric recurrence Four months later, multiple hepatic metastases were discovered, and the patient underwent a left hepatectomy During treatment with capecitabine, there was no evidence of tumor progression for 14 months. We report a case of metastatic pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma, which did not progress for an extended period while the patient was being treated with capecitabme.

급성백혈병의 화학요법에서 조혈간세포 보충요법

이규보,배선근,손상균,이재태,이건수,이경혜,서장수 경북대학교 병원 1997 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

1. 목적 급성백혈병의 화학요법에 있어서 관해유도 요법시에 보다 더 강력한 항암화학요법을 시행하고 골수억제의 회복을 위하여 말초혈액에서 채취한 조혈모세포의 투여로 그 효과를 증대시키고자 시도하였다. 2. 방법 관해유도 화학요법후에 골수억제시기로부터 회복단계로서 백혈구감소증이 호전도면서 단핵세포가 증가될 때에 말초혈액에서 조혈간세포(stem cell)로 인정되고 있는 CD34+세포의 함유량이 1% 이상되는 시기를 찾아내고 그 때부터 평균 4차례의 단핵구를 분리채집을 하여 -74。C에 냉동보관하였다가 제2차 화학요법후에 해동시켜서 정맥주입하였다. 3. 결과 대상 급성백혈병환자는 6명에 23회의 조혈간세포를 함유한 단핵구 채집을 시행하였고 유효한 단핵구의 채집은 4례에서 가능하였고 2례에서는 유효한 채집이 못되었다. 채집효율은 39.0-74.5%로서 평균 49.8%였다. 채집 후에 혈액학적 변화는 혈색소의 약간 감소 (평균 1.34g/dl)와 혈소판의 감소 (평균20.25%)를 나타내었다. 해동 단핵구를 투여할시에 일과성인 불쾌감, 기침, 흉부압박감, 호흡곤란 등이 있었다. 4. 결론 자가골수이식에서 자기말초혈액조혈간세포이식으로 관심이 이행되는 현시점에 자가조혈간세포를 채집하여 수혈하는 기술이 확립되는 기초를 이루었다고 본다. 이번 대상들은 재발된 금성백혈병들에 시행하였으나, 향후에는 초발시에 제일차 관해유도 화학요법 과정에 시도해야할 것으로 생각한다. Object: Peripheral blood stem cells(PBSC) were collected after remission induction chemotherapy and reinfused after intensified chemotherapy in order to increase the chemotherapeutic efficacy. Method: Collection of mononuclear cells (MNC) was started when CD34+ cells above 1% and WBC above 1,000/ul with mononuclear cell percentage above 30%, the collection procedures were done 2-6 time in each patient of total 6 cases. The collected MNCs were stored in - 750C and reinfused after thawing in the water bath at 370C Results: Twenty three collection procedures from the 6 cases of acute leukemia had made effective MNC collection in 4 cases and mean collection efficiency was 49.8%(from 39.0% to 74.5%). Hematological changes after the procedure were mean reduction of hemoglobin 1.34g/dl and mean 20.25% of decreased platelet count. There were noticed transient symptoms of discomfort, coughing, chest tightness and dyspnea in association with the infusion of stored cells. Conclusion: The basic process for the peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) was accomplished with this supportive care for the consolidation chemotherapy of acute leukemia. Effective PBSCT would be warrented with more qualified process and high does chemotherapy. (Korean J Blood Transfus 6(2) : 41~47,1995)

중년여성의 약물사용 실태 조사

이영선,김은경,김경숙,강경인,김희선,신성희,김은숙,최지선,신혜숙,황선기 여성건강간호학회 2001 여성건강간호학회지 Vol.7 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the drug use of middle aged women. The subject consisted of 330 middle aged women who ranged in age from 40 to 60 years. They were selected in Seoul, Kyung-Ki province, Korea. Data were collected by using questionnaires, from April, 10th to 30th 2001 and analyzed by the SPSS PC+ program using qui-square. The results are summarized as follows ; 1. The proportion of drinking and smoking experience was 42.4%, 3.7%. The motivation of drug use was advised family and relatives(46.1%), doctor's order(39.4%), magazine and advertisement(14.5%). Most of middle aged women get the information on knowledge of drug from hospital(47.3%), magazines and advertisement(30.3%), advised family and relatives(22.4%). And 57.9% of the middle aged women didn't know side effect of the using drug and 13.9% of the middle aged women have had experienced with side effect. And the level of attitude on drug abuse in middle aged women was 43%. Most of the subjects(93.9%) didn't use alternative drugs, and they used more than 3 kinds of drugs(47%). 2. They used digestives(44.2%), applying ointments(41.8%), drinks(39.4%), analgesics(39.1%), laxatives(8.8%), anti hypertension drugs (8.8%), and anti-anemic drugs(8.8%) in their orders.

억제대 적용지침 개발을 통한 불필요한 억제대 적용율 감소활동

곽경선,김성은,배은경,이은숙,이은혜,최윤정,이윤경 한국의료QA학회 2009 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.15 No.2

문제: 억제대 적용에 대한구체적 적용지침 없이 의례적으로 억제대를사용함으로 인해 환자들의 신체적 또는 정신적 안전을 위협할 수 있다. 목적: 완전 진정상태 이거나 근력이 약하여 발관능력이 없는 환자에 대한 예방적 적용, 바빠서 환자를볼수 없 는경우, 간호사본인의 판단이 없이 타인의 요구에 따르는등의 불필요한 억제대 적용이 증가하는 원인을 파악하여 중환자실의 특수성에 맞는 억제대 적용및 제거 지침을 마련하고자 한다. 의료기관: 인천광역시에 소재한 의과대학 소속병원의 집중치료실 개선효과: 억제대 적용에 대한중환자실 간호사에게 미치는 영향을 보면 태도 정도 p=0.09(p<0.1), 올바른 수행 능력은 p= 0.005 (p <0.0히로통계적으로유의한것으로 나타났다. 지식 정도 p=0.172(p<0.05) 통계적으로 유의 하지는 않지만 모든항목이 개선 활동전 에 비해 2,3차 개선 활동후에 향상한 것으로 나타났다. 개선활동전에 8.1%였던 간호 기록, 0.7%였던 간호중재, 0%였던 의사처방율이 3차 개선 활동 후 3가지 모두 100% 달성되었다. 이는 억제대 적용율 갑소 및 부적절한 억제대 적용율은 유의하게 감소하였다. 교훈: 중환자실 간호사의 억제대 적용에 대한태도, 지식, 올바른 간호 수행 능력은 지속적으로 재평가 되어지고, 교육내용은좀더 나은 간호제공을 위하여 개발 되어져야 할 것이다. 억제대 적용 기준과 제거 기준을 Check List 하여 객관성의 유지를 위한 개선 활동은계속적으로 Feedback 되어야 할 것이다.

저체중 또는 과체중 청소년에서 캠프 프로그램을 이용한 영양 교육효과에 관한 연구

성미경,승정자,류화춘,박재년,박동연,최미경,조경옥,최선혜,이윤신,김유경,이은주 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.4

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition education program developed for nutritionally imbalanced adolescents. A summer nutrition camp was held for 23 overweight and 16 underweight subjects. Its effectiveness with regard to was evaluated at the end of the camp and 6 months later. Nutrition knowledge, nutritional attitude, food behavior, nutrient intake, exercise habit and ideal body figures desired by the subjects. The results showed significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores at the end of the camp as compared to those obtained prior to the camp program, and these scores were maintained for at least six months. Nutrition attitude scores also improved after the education program, and these improved scores also lasted for 6 months. However, the food behavior scores measured 6 months after the education program were not significantly different from those obtained prior to the camp. Also, the exercise habit, the ideal body figures and the body figures desired by the subjects remained unchanged. When nutrient intakes of subjects were assessed before the program and 6 months later, the mean daily vitamin C intake was significantly increased after the education program. Also, the intake of iron from plant food sources increased in the overweight subjects, while less iron from animal source were consumed by the underweight subjects. Both groups tended to consume more vegetables and fruits 6 months after the education program which may have contribute to the higher vitamin C and plant-based iron intakes. These results indicate that a 4-day nutrition education camp program sustained changes in nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude for 6 months. The increased intake of vegetables and fruits was also achieved through this education program. However, changes in dietary behavior in adolescents may require repeated education.

유아의 다중지능 향상을 위한 요리 활동프로그램의 효과 검증

김혜란 ( Hye Ran Kim ),이경화 ( Kyung Hwa Lee ),서호찬 ( Ho Chan Seo ) 국제뇌교육종합대학원대학교 뇌교육연구소 2014 뇌교육연구 Vol.14 No.-

본 연구는 유아기의 다중지능 발달의 중요성을 인식하고 유아를 위한 효율적인 교육프로그램을 제공할 수 있는 기초자료를 확보하고자 요리활동 프로그램을 제작하고 적용해봄으로써 요리활동이 유아의 다중지능 향상에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 교육적 의의를 가진다. 연구의 대상자는 서울시에 소 재한 S유치원의 만 5세 유아 30명을 무선 선정한 후 실험집단과 통제집단에 15명씩 무선 배치하였다. 연구도구는 만 3, 4, 5세를 대상으로 개발하여 표준화시킨 유아 다중지능 검사 도구를 사용하였으며, 수집된 자료는 사전·사후 검사로 t-test를 실시하여 집단 간의 차이를 확인하였다. 8주간의 요리활동으로 실험집단과 통제집단을 비교하여 볼 때 실험집단에서 유아들의 다중지능 향상에 도움을 주었으며 구체적으로 언어 지능, 논리·수학 지능, 시각·공간 지능, 신체운동감각 지능, 음악 지능, 개인이해 지능, 자연탐구 지능에 각각 유 의미한 결과를 나타내었다. 이상과 같은 결과로 요리활동은 유아의 오감을 모두 사용하는 최적의 활동으로 지식이나 기술 습득뿐 아니라 공감과 만족감을 맛볼 수 있다는 점에서 가치 있는 활동으로 제시될 수 있으며 유아 개개인이 지니고 있는 각자의 다 양한 지적 특성에 적합한 교육적 경험의 기회로 요리활동이 활용되어지기를 기대한다. This study has its educational significance in the sense that I have tried to identify the importance of multiple intelligence development during ch ildhood and find out whether or not children``s multiple intelligence can be improved by such programs as cooking activities that have been produced and applied for the purpose of securing basic materials that can provide young children with efficient programs. To attain at its gold of study, I have established the following assumptions and verified its effects. The targets of research were randomly selected from 5-aged 30 children of S kindergarten located in Seoul and 30 of them were arranged into a test group and a control group. The measurement in this research were taken using inspection tools for children``s multiple intelligence developed and standardized for ages of 3, 4, and 5 by Kyung-Hwa Lee. The collected materials have been processed using t-test to find out effect of pre and post-examination through t-test in order to verify significance between those two groups. These are summaries of the result carried out on this study. At first, cooking activities have had impact on children``s linguistic intelligence, showing significant difference statistically, therefore cooking activities having always positive effect on improvement of children``s linguistic intelligence. Second, cooking activities have had impact on children``s logics`` math intelligence, showing significant difference statistically, therefore cooking activities having always positive effect on improvement of children``s logics`` math intelligence. Third. cooking activities have had impact on children``s visual`` spacial intelligence, showing significant difference statistically, therefore cooking activities having always positive effect on improvement of children``s visual`` spacial intelligence. Fourth, cooking activities have had impact on children``s music intelligence, showing significant difference statistically, therefore cooking activities having always positive effect on improvement of children``s music intelligence. Fifth, cooking activities have had impact on children``s inter-personal intelligence, showing significant difference statistically, therefore cooking activities having always positive effect on improvement of children``s inter-personal intelligence. Sixth, cooking activities have had impact on children``s personal understanding intelligence, showing significant difference statistically, therefore cooking activities having always positive effect on improvement of children``s personal understanding intelligence. As a result of taking universal consideration of such results of the study, cooking activities is regarded as a worthy activity not only for acquiring knowledge or technology as an optimal activity that uses all of children``s five senses, but also for experiencing successive feeling and satisfaction. Accordingly, I hope that these cooking activities might be utilized as a educational opportunity from which children enjoy various intellectual characteristics of their own.