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콩 및 당의 종류의 달리한 매실 콩아이스크림의 품질특성
이숙영,김아영,유지영,이중기,이향섭 중앙대학교 생활과학연구소 2003 생활과학논집 Vol.17 No.-
The purpose of this experiment was to compare the quality characteristics of soy ice creams prepared with soy protein isolate(SPI) or Jinpum-soybean, and different kinds of sweeteners of maltitol and sucrose, xylitol+sucrose, or malitiol. The viscosity of the ice cream mix containing xylitol+sucrose appeared the highest, and that from Jinpum-soybean was higher than that from SPI. The overrun of soy ice creams containing xylitol+sucrose was the highest, and the next was the samples containing maltitol+sucrose. The overrun values of Jinpum-soybean samples appeared higher than those of SPI samples. As for the case of the SPI samples, the melt-down percent was the highest in the sample of maltitol addition, and the next were maltitol+sucrose addition, xylitol+sucrose addition in order. The melt-down percent of Jinpum-soybean was the highest in the sample of maltitol+sucrose addition, and the next were maltitol addition, xylitol+sucrose addition in order. The higher the viscosity of samples, the lower the melt-down percent. In sensory characteristics, the beany flavor, flavor, mouthfeel, overall quality of Jinpum-soybean samples were evaluated better than those of SPI in general. The samples containing xylitol+sucrose evaluated better in beany flavor, mouthfeel, icy feel, and overall quality. The quality characteristics of the samples prepared with Jinpum-soybeans and xylitol+sucrose were evaluated the best.
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李鄕芽 호남대학교 1997 호남대학교 학술논문집 Vol.18 No.3
This study analyzed Korean poems that express various prayers. Object of each poem's prayer can be classified into four kinds. They are, a Mother Nature. A God , a Human being, and something unspecific. The contents of each prayer show some of differences, and those are as follows 1. The case of Mother Nature In this case the poems are expressing the pure desire of Human beings to approch for Holy Nature's ability. And we can glance through the poetic tellers mental state to get ripe and leap with Nature's pure spirits. 2. The case of God In this case the most poem's contents are thanks to God. They are delight and thanks for God's favor. The word is devout and polite. The meaning is eulogy and praise. And on the whole the flow of poem is calm and obedient. This kind of poem's nature is almost same with essential edeal of poetry. 3. The case of Human Being As a human being, it will be not easy to be an object of prayer to human being. In this case the prayer would like to think of himself (object of supplication) as perfect exsistence, and would like to depend on him with best respect. So the contents of prayer might be genuine confession. 4. The case of unspecific something In this case we can understand, the teller is expressing his own's yearning and desire. So prayer and listener, both of them could be said just poetic teller himself. Generally this method could take charge of role to strengthen poetic teller's will and faith. Besides it could be assisted to fulfill teller's desire. In spite that these 1)-4 types have different goal and object, they have quite common points. All of the four are expressed not directed but filtered. it is not selfish persistence nor simple avarice, and the contents of poem are result of self reflection and cultivation of the mind. Ultimately all of them are song of admiration and thanks. It takes a supplication form or not, at last poem is one of supplication. Poem or pray could not be when it's not true confession. Poem would be produced from asme heart and emotion as pray.
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李鄕莪 호남대학교 1998 호남대학교 학술논문집 Vol.19 No.1
Religious poem has disadvantages naturally. However brilliant Christian religious poem it could not surpass the beauty of literary of the bible, and however excellent Buddhist religious poem it could not outdo the philosophy of the Sutra. The object of this study is The Christian religious poem. There are beautiful rhythems high metaphors and symbols in the bible. Consequently the most of the Christian religious poem can not come up to the Psalms. Non-Christian's consciousness on Christian religious poem is negative. It could not evoke common sympathy. How would be extend the emotion of religious poem? It may be summarise in three possibility. First, it must be avoid that an idiolect of Christian religious. Religious poem has faculty of worship by verbal. But on the other hand we have to remember poetry is art of words. It is disqualification to write down depend on fact of Bible. Second, the particular truth of Christian have to be express to common method. This provision is similar to first. Han Yong-Un, the Buddhist poet was patriot and priest in 1920's. He was one of the greatest poet in the history of Korean literature, because he could express the Buddhist idea to the universal truth. His poems are almost love songs. But the many readers do not have doubt about that he's Buddhist poet and his poem is filled to Buddhist truth. Third, it must be express easy and simple. This is a technical problem, The most cautious thing is that if it indicate only religious knowledge and do not consider that poetry is the art of verbal because of the religious poem. Poetry is not substance but forms. It is correspond with the art is not intend to substance but forms. But it's very difficult to say 'it is the just ideal poetry'. The configuration of poetry have to reach various as human beings, and undeveloped land of poetry is yet far and vast expanse.
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시상면 병행에 근거한 신개념의 하악상행지 시상분할 골절단술
백진아,이국엽,오향락,고승오,진우정 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.6
Sagittal split osteotomy (SSRO) is an indispensable and most popular operation for correction of mandibular deformity. The procedure was considered of bony contact surface and nerve injury in the early stage. The procedure has undergone continuous surgical modifications for condylar displacement, relapse, psychologic analysis, functional & esthetic improvement, fixation method and postoperative evaluation of soft tissue change over time. In this article, we compared the contemporary operation method with new method which was designed through ramal computed tomography. Now we are going to introduce novel conceptual SSRO namely CNU-SSRO designed by Chonbuk National University and suggest the standardization of pre-existed SSRO.
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Antioxidative Phenolic Compounds from the Roots of Rhodiola sachalinensis A. Bor
Lee, Min-Won,Lee, Yeon-Ah,Park, Hyang-Mi,Toh, Sang-Hak,Lee, Eun-Joo,Jang, Hae-Dong,Kim, Young-Ho The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2000 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.23 No.5
The acetone extract of the roots of Rhodiola sachalinensis has furnished six phenolic compounds which exhibited significant scavenging effects against DPPH free radical. The structures of these compounds were identified and determined as gallic acid (1), (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (2), kaempferol (3), kaempferol 7-O-$\alpha$ -L-rham nopyranoside (4), herbacetin 7-O-$\alpha$ -L-rhamnopyranoside, (5) and rhodiolinin (6) by physico-chemical and spectral evidences.
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Lee, Jae-Chul,Park, Chan Woo,Shin, Myoung Cheol,Cho, Jun Hwi,Lee, Hyang-Ah,Kim, Young-Myeong,Park, Joon Ha,Ahn, Ji Hyeon,Cho, Jeong Hwi,Tae, Hyun-Jin,Hwang, In Koo,Lee, Tae-Kyeong,Won, Moo-Ho,Kang, Il Elsevier 2018 Neurochemistry International Vol.118 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine implicated in neuronal damage in response to cerebral ischemia. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) provides neuroprotection against a subsequent severer or longer transient ischemia by ischemic tolerance. Here, we focused on the role of TNF-α in IPC-mediated neuroprotection against neuronal death following a subsequent longer transient cerebral ischemia (TCI). Gerbils used in this study were randomly assigned to eight groups; sham group, TCI operated group, IPC plus (+) sham group, IPC + TCI operated group, sham + etanercept (an inhibitor of TNF-a) group, TCI + etanercept group, IPC + sham + etanercept group, and IPC + TCI + etanercept group. IPC was induced by a 2-min sublethal transient ischemia, which was operated 1 day prior to a longer (5-min) TCI. A significant death of neurons was found in the stratum pyramidale (SP) in the CA1 area (CA1) of the hippocampus 5 days after TCI; however, IPC protected SP neurons from TCI. We found that TNF-α immunoreactivity was significantly increased in CA1 pyramidal neurons in the TCI and IPC + TCI groups compared to the sham group. TNF-R1 expression in CA1 pyramidal neurons of the TCI group was also increased 1 and 2 days after TCI; however, in the IPC + TCI group, TNF-R1 expression was significantly lower than that in the TCI group. On the other hand, we did not detect TNF-R2 immunoreactivity in CA1 pyramidal neurons 1 and 2 days after TCI; meanwhile, in the IPC + TCI group, TNF-R2 expression was significantly increased compared to TNF-R2 expression at 1 and 2 days after TCI. In addition, in this group, TNF-R2 was newly expressed in pericytes, which are important cells in the blood brain barrier, from 1 day after TCI. When we treated etanercept to the IPC + TCI group, IPC-induced neuroprotection was significantly weakened. In brief, this study indicates that IPC confers neuroprotection against TCI by TNF-α signaling through TNF-R2 and suggests that the enhancement of TNF-R2 expression by IPC may be a legitimate strategy for a therapeutic intervention of TCI.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) protects CA1 pyramidal neurons from ischemic damage. </LI> <LI> IPC attenuates TNF-α and TNF-R1 expressions in ischemic CA1 pyramidal neurons. </LI> <LI> IPC increases TNF-R2 expressions in pericytes in CA1 area after ischemic insult. </LI> <LI> IPC-mediated neuroprotective effect is reversed by etanercept (an inhibitor of TNF-a) treatment. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Lee, Tae-Kyeong,Chen, Bai Hui,Lee, Jae-Chul,Shin, Myoung Cheol,Cho, Jun Hwi,Lee, Hyang-Ah,Choi, Jung Hoon,Hwang, In Koo,Kang, Il Jun,Ahn, Ji Hyeon,Park, Joon Ha,Choi, Soo Young,Won, Moo-Ho SPANDIDOS PUBLICATIONS 2018 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.17 No.6
<P>Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a multifunctional protein present in the central nervous system. A number of previous studies have revealed alterations in IGF-I and its receptor (IGF-IR) expression in various regions of the brain. However, there are few reports on age-dependent alterations in IGF-I and IGF-IR expressions in the olfactory bulb, which contains the secondary neurons of the olfactory system. The present study examined the cellular morphology in the olfactory bulb by using cresyl violet (CV) staining at postnatal month (PM) 3 in the young group, PM 6 in the adult group and PM 24 in the aged group in gerbils. In addition, detailed examinations were performed of the protein levels and immunoreactivities of IGF-I and IGF-IR in the olfactory bulb in each group. There were no significant changes in the cellular morphology between the three groups. The protein levels and immunoreactivities of the IGF-I and IGF-IR were the highest in the young group and they decreased with age. He protein levels and immunoreactivities of the IGF-I and IGF-IR were the lowest in the aged group. In brief, our results indicate that IGF-I and IGF-IR expressions are strong in young olfactory bulbs and significantly reduced in aged olfactory bulbs. In conclusion, subsequent decreases in IGF-I and IGF-IR expression with age may be associated with olfactory decline. Further studies are required to investigate the roles of IFG-I and IGF-IR in disorders of the olfactory system.</P>
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