韓國 特殊敎育改善을 위한 綜合實能 調査

李相春,李圭植,金正權,呂光應,金東淵,權要漢,權英花 韓社大學特殊敎育硏究所 1980 特殊敎育硏究 Vol.8 No.-

A Study was done in order to collect suggestion for the improvement of special education in Korea. Through a questionaire given to the teachers and administrators in special schools and special classes, opinions and suggestions were collected concerning establishment and management of special education facilities. The subjects of this study were 351 teachers and principals with special classes and 809 teachers in 53 special schools, the number of which is the complete enumeration of them all over the country. The information was complied from October 15, 1979 to December 20,1979. According to the analysis of the data collected in this study, the following suggestions were made for the improvement of the special education in Korea. 1. The existing state of the special schools. 1) At present, the number of children receiving special education is 14,159 persons(special schools;8,052 persons, special classes: 6,107 persons), bur it only represents 4.59 percent of the total number of children requiring special education in Korea. 2) The number of subjects that are presently being taught in special education schools, who have obtained special education teaching certificates, were shown to be 72% of the male teachers and 79% of the women teachers. 3) It was shown that home environment and parents' school career for children in the special schools were at the low level. 2. The teaching viewpoint of the teachers at the special schools 1) The special teachers' general point of view on the special schools was comparatively reached to the positive level. 2) There was generally such a tendency as they gave much more consideration to the life centered education than to recovering the academic achievement on the exceptional children. 3) The level of the general teachers' attitude to the special schools and the degree of the understanding was generally about at the middle. 4) In this research, it was shown that the teachers' motive to take the special schools was comporatively to be willing. 5) It was shown that the evaluation and treatment for the special teachers was at the low level of the satisfaction, and their works were too much. 6) The urgent problems in the education of the special schools was shown with the next order in the significant level; to strengthen the synthetic administrative supports, to develop and to supply the learning materials, to develop the curriculum for the special classes, and so forth. 3. The existing state of the special classes 1) At present, the number of children receiving special education in special classes is 6,107 persons. 2) The major problems with which the existing special classes are confronted, such as correct identification, reducing the number of pupils per special classes, putting in good order of the basic facilities at the special class etc. should be solved. 3) It is an urgent problem that a long-term comprehensive plan for the establishment of special classes should be set up, because their continuity and connection with each other fields have not been considered on the establishment of them. 4. The teaching viewpoint of the teacher at the special classes 1) The special teachers' general point of view on the special classes was comparatively reached to the positive level. 2) There was generally such a tendency as they gave equal consideration to receiveing the academic achivement, to the life-centered education and to the occupational education. 3) The present special classes were shown not to have the cooperative relationship with the regular classes. Also, the level of the general teachers' attitude to the special classes and the degree of the understanding was about at the middle, but it was shown that the regular children regarded the special classes as strange. 4) The teachers' motive to take the special classes was shown comparatively to be more willing than to be reluctant. 5) It was shown that the evaluation and treatment for the special teachers was at the middle level of the satisfaction, and their works were too much. 6) The urgent problems in the education of the special classes was shown with the next order in the significant level; to strengthen the synthetic administrative supports, to develop and to supply the learning materials, and so forth. 5. The teaching viewpoint of the principals at the special classes. 1) The major problem with which the existing special classes are confronted, such as correct identification, reducing the number of pupils per special classes, putting in good order of the basic facilities at the special classroom and developing a lot of special education materials etc. should be solved without delay. 2) A great consideration should be given to select a dutiful special teacher with teaching method techniques. 3) The teaching practice for the special education should be planned to convert the school subject centered program to the life and vocational education program.

韓國 特殊敎育改善을 위한 綜合實態 調査

李相春,李圭植,金政權,呂光應,金東淵,權要漢,權英化 한사대학 특수교육연구소 1980 特殊敎育硏究 Vol.8 No.-

A Study was done in order to collect suggestions for the improvement of special education in Korea. Through a questionaire given to the teachers and administrators in special schools and special classes, opinions and suggestions were collected concerning establishment and management of special education facilities. The subjects of this study were 351 teachers and principals with special classes and 809 teachers in 53 special schools, the number of which is the complete enumeration of them all over the country. The information was complied from October 15, 1979 to December 20, 1979. According to the analysis of the data collected in this study, the following suggestions were made for the improvement of the special education in Korea. 1. The existing state of the special schools. 1) At present, the number of children receiving special education is 14,159 persons (special schools; 8, 052 persons, special classes: 6, 107 persons), but it only represents 4.59 percent of the total number of children requiring special education in Korea. 2) The number of subjects that are presently being taught in special education schools, who have obtained special education teaching certificates, were shown to be 72% of the male teachers and 79% of the women teachers. 3) It was shown that home environment and parents' school career for children in the special schools were at the low level. 2. The teaching viewpoint of the teachers at the special schools 1) The special teachers' general point of view on the special schools was comparatively reached to the positive level. 2) There was generally such a tendency as they gave much more consideration to the life centered education than to recovering the academic achievement on the exceptional children. 3) The level of the general teachers' attitude to the special schools and the degree of the understanding was generally about at the middle. 4) In this research, it was shown that the teachers' motive to take the special schools was comparatively to be willing. 5) It was shown that the evaluation and treatment for the special techers was at the low level of the satisfaction, and their works were too much. 6) The urgent problems in the education of the special schools was shown with the next order in the significant level; to strengthen the synthetic administrative supports, to develop and to supply the learning materials, to develop the curriculum for the special classes, and so forth. 3. The existing state of the special classes 1) At present, the number of children receiving special education in special classes is 6,107 persons. 2) The major problems with which the existing special classes are confronted, such as correct identification, reducing the number of pupils per special classes, putting in good order of the basic facilities at the special class etc. should be solved. 3) It is an urgent problem that a long-term comprehensive plan for the establishment of special classes should be set up, because their continuity and connection with each other fields have not been considered on the establishment of them. 4. The teaching viewpoint of the teacher at the special classes 1) The special teachers' general point of view on the special classes was comparatively reached to the positive level. 2) There was generally such a tendency as they gave equal consideration to receiveing the academic achivement, to the life-centered education and to the occupational education. 3) The present special classes were shown not to have the cooperative relationship with the regular classes. Also, the level of the general teachers' attitude to the special classes and the degree of the understanding was about at the middle, but it was shown that the regular children regarded the special classes as strange. 4) The teachers' motive to take the special classes was shown comparatively to be more willing than to be reluctant. 5) It was shown that the evaluation and treatment for the special teachers was at the middle level of the satisfaction, and their works were too much. 6) The urgent problems in the education of the special classes was shown with the next order in the significant level; to stretkthen the a synthetic 7administrative supports, to develop and to supply the learning materials, and so forth. 5. The teaching viewpoint of the principals at the special classes. 1) The major problem with which the existing special classes are confronted, such as correct identification, reducing the number of pupils per special classes, putting in good order of the basic facilities at the special classroom and developing a lot of special education materials etc. should be solved without delay. 2) A great consideration should be given to select a dutiful special teacher with teaching method techniques. 3) The teaching practice for the special education should be planned to convert the school subject centered program to the life and vocational education program.

HACCP 원리에 기초하는 GAP모델 확립을 위한 딸기 농장의 수확단계에 대한 미생물학적 위해요소 조사

심원보(Won-Bo Shim),김경열(Kyeong-Yeol Kim),윤요한(Yo-Han Yoon),김장억(Jang-Eok Kim),심상인(Sang-In Shim),김윤식(Yun-Shik Kim),정덕화(Duck-Hwa Chung) 한국식품과학회 2013 한국식품과학회지 Vol.45 No.1

본 연구에서는 딸기의 수확단계에서의 생물학적 위해요소를 조사하고 그 결과를 딸기 GAP 모델의 개발을 위한 기초자료로 제공하기 위해 수행하였다. 경남 서부에 소재한 딸기 농장 6곳(토경재배 3곳, 양액재배 3곳)에서 총 216점의 시료를 수집하여 위생지표세균, 병원성 미생물, 그리고 곰팡이에 대해 분석하였다. 일반세균과 대장균군의 경우 토경재배 농장에서는 각각 1.0-6.9와 0.4-4.6 log CFU/g(leaf, mL, hand or 100 ㎠) 수준으로, 양액재배 농장에서는 각각 0.8-4.9 log와 0.2-2.6 log CFU/g(leaf, mL, hand or 100 ㎠)수준으로 검출되었고 대장균은 모든 시료에서 검출되지 않았다. 병원성미생물은 S. aureus가 작업자의 손에서 최대 3.3 log CFU/hand 수준으로 검출되었고, B. cereus가 토양과 작물, 개인위생에서 0.4-4.1 log CFU/g(hand or 100 cm2) 범위로 검출되었으며, L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7 및 Salmonella spp.는 검출되지 않았다. 곰팡이는 토경재배 농장과 양액재배 농장 각각 1.0-5.2와 0.2-4.4 log CFU/g(leaf, mL, hand or 100 ㎠) 수준으로 검출되었다. This study assessed hazards at the harvest stage of strawberry farms which may cause risk to humans. A total of 216 samples were collected from 6 strawberry farms (soil culture farms: A, B, C; nutriculture farms: D, E, F) located in Western Gyeongnam. The collected samples were subjected for sanitary indicator bacteria (aerobic plate count, coliforms and Escherichia coli), major foodborne pathogens (E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus), and fungi. The levels of APC and coliform in the soil culture farms were 1.0-6.9 and 0.4-4.6 log CFU/g (leaf, mL, hand or 100 cm2), respectively. The samples obtained from the nutriculture farms were contaminated with the levels of 0.8-4.9, and 0.2-2.6 log CFU/g (leaf, mL, hand or 100 ㎠) of APC and coliform. However, E. coli was not detected in any samples. In major foodborne pathogens, S. aureus was detected at the level of ≤3.3 log CFU/hand in workers’ hand samples and B. cereus was detected at the levels of 0.4-4.1 log CFU/g (hand or 100 ㎠) in soil, plants and workers’ hygiene. L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. were not detected. Fungi were detected at the levels of 1.0-5.2 and 0.2-4.4 log CFU/g (leaf, mL, hand or 100 ㎠) in soil culture and nutriculture farms, respectively.

Observation of melanoma cell Lines in phase contrast hard x-ray image using gold nanoparicles

( Soo Bin Son ),( Seung Han Ha ),( On Seok Lee ),( Gun Woo Lee ),( Jea Young Kim ),( Gyu Man Park ),( Sung Hee Moon ),( Sang Wook Son ),( Im Joo Rhyu ),( Sang Yeop Lee ),( Jae Bum Choo ),( Hwa Shik Yo 대한피부과학회 2008 초록집 Vol.46 No.20