분포형 토양침식지도를 이용한 한강상류지역 토양유실 위험성 평가

박찬원(Chan-Won Park),손연규(Yeon-Kyu Sonn),장용선(Yong-Seon Zhang),홍석영(S. Young Hong),현병근(Byung-Keun Hyun),송관철(Kwan-Cheol Song),하상건(Sang-Keun Ha),문용희(Young-Hee Moon) 한국토양비료학회 2010 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.43 No.6

본 연구에서는 1:25,000 정밀토양도 등 가용한 공간자료를 이용하여 작성된 토양유실도를 이용하여 한강 상류지역 10개 중권역 108 소유역에 대하여 토양유실량 평가하고 토지이용별 토양유실 위험지역을 분석하였다. 대상유역 총 토양유실량은 895만 Mg yr<SUP>-1</SUP>으로 예측되었으며, 면적당 평균 토양유실량은 6.1 Mg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>yr<SUP>-1</SUP>이었다. 중소유역 단위로 살펴보면 남한강지역이 북한강지역의 유실량 뿐만 아니라 면적당 유실량이 더 많았다. 이는 북한강 권역의 경우 화강암 및 화강편마암이 주요 모재인 반면에 남한강 권역의 경우 토양모재가 퇴적암지대를 많이 포함있어 토양침식성 인자 (K factor)와 경사 인자 (LS factor)가 상대적으로 높고, 남한강 지역의 경우 농경지 토양이 상대적으로 많이 분포하고 있기 때문으로 판단된다. 대상유역의 토지이용별 연평균 토양유실량을 분석한 결과 산림/초지 > 밭 >> 도심/대지 >> 논 > 과수의 순로 분석 대상유역 중 10.7%를 차지하고 있는 농경지에서 유실되는 토양의 추정량은 41.3%이였으며, 이중 6.2%면적을 차지하는 밭이 40.6%으로 44.2%의 산림/초지와 비슷한 수준이었다. 한강상류지역 토양유실 위험성 평가시 분포형 토양침식지도와 항공사진을 비교한 결과 토양유실에 대한 공간인 정보를 확실하게 보여주고 있으며, 토양침식위험성은 남한강권역의 남한강 상류 (1001), 평창강 (1002), 충주댐 (1003) 권역에서 각각 토양침식위험성이 “보통”이상으로 높은 지역이 각각 8.7%, 7.9%, 7.8%로 평균인 5.9%보다 높았으며, 이에 대한 보전방안이 강구될 필요가 있고 판단된다. This study was conducted to evaluate soil erosion risk with a standard unit watershed in the upper Han river basin using the spatial soil erosion map according to the change of landuse. The study area is 14,577 ㎢, which consists of 10 subbasins, 107 standard unit watersheds. Total annual soil loss and soil loss per area estimated were 895 × 10<SUP>4</SUP> Mg yr<SUP>-1</SUP> and 6.1 Mg ha<SUP>-1</SUP> yr<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. A result of analysis with a subbasin as a unit showed that annual soil losses and soil loss per area in Namhan river basins was more than in Bukhan river ones. Predicted annual soil loss according to the landuse ranked as Forest & Grassland > Upland >> Urban & Fallow area > Paddy field > Orchard. Upland area covered 6.2% of the study area, but the contribution of total annul soil loss was 40.6% and that of Forest & Grassland was 44.2%. As a evaluation of soil erosion risk using the spatial soil erosion map, we could precisely conformed the potential hazardous region of soil erosion in each unit watersheds. The ratio of regions, graded as higher “Moderate” for annual soil loss, were respectively 8.7%, 7.9% and 7.8% in 1001, 1002 and 1003 subbasins in Namhan river basin. Most landuse of these area was upland, and these area is necessary to establish soil conservation practices to reduce soil erosion based on the field observation.

구개부에 발생한 다형선종의 처치

하주원,백승,송종운,박충열,이용욱,박홍주,오희균,유선열,김옥준 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2001 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.23 No.6

Pleomorphic adenoma of the palate is the most common of all intraoral salivary tumors. It can occur at any age but it presents most commonly in the 40∼60 age group, and there is no significant sex preponderance. It grows slowly and is usually painless, firm, well-circumscribed nodule. Because of high rate of recurrence, extra-capsular excision including the overlying mucosa and margin of normal tissue is recommended. We report 10 cases of palatal pelomorphic adenoma which have been successfully treated by extra-capsular excision. The surgical defects smaller than 3㎝ in diameter were covered with palatal acrylic splint for the secondary healing. The larger defects were repaired using palatal island flap in 3 cases, rotation flap and buccal fat graft in each 1 case. No patient showed any recurrence or malignant change during the mean follow-up period of 4 years and 9 months. These repair methods seem to be simple, reliable and uncomplicated procedures in the palatal surgical defects.

광양지역의 지반전단강도 증가 특성

홍원표,송영석,이근하 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 2000 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.30 No.-

본 연구에서는 연약지반개량공사가 실시된 광양지역을 대상으로 압밀기간동안 개량지반의 물리적, 역학적 변화특성 및 개량효과를 고찰되어 있다. 지반개량전 원지반에서 시료를 채취하고, 모래말뚝 타설직후, 압밀방치중(예상압밀도 50%) 및 압밀완료시(예상압밀도 90%)에도 시료를 채취하여 각각 토질정수를 조사 비교하였다. 그 결과 압밀이 진행되는 동안 지반의 강도는 증가하여, 일축압축강도로 구한 점성토지반의 강도증가율(C_u/P_o)이 0.36이 되었다. 그리고, 일축압축강도로 구한 점성토지반의 강도증가율(C_u/P_o)이 0.36이 되었다. 그리고, 일축압축강도와 함수비는 최대압밀응력에 대하여 유일함수관계를 보이고 있으며, 압밀완료시점(예상압밀도 90%)에서 추정된 비배수전단강도는 측정된 비례수전단강도와 비교적 잘 일치한다. In this study, both physical and mechanical properties of soft grounds are investigated during improvement works of soft grounds in Kwangyang. The properties of soil before ground improvement are compared with the properties of the improved ground after Sand Compaction Pile installation, during consolidation(degree of consolidation 50%), and at the end of consolidation(degree of consolidation 90%). From this result, improvement of the shearing strength of soft grounds can be deserved during consolidation, and the improving rate of shearing strength C_u/P_o is 0.36. The relationship between the shearing strength by unconfined compression tests, consolidation stress and water content shows that both the shearing strength and water content have an unique function relationship. The shearing strength predicted by Rutledge hypothesis shows relatives good agreement with the field strength.

가토에서 Pentoxifylline, Aspirin 및 Heparin이 피부피판의 생존 및 출혈 경향에 미치는 영향

하주원,백승,박홍주,오희균,유선열 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2002 구강과학 Vol.14 No.2

The skin flap, which has been frequently used in the maxillofacial soft tissue defects, can be failed due to insufficient blood supply to the flap. To increase its survival rate, antithrombotic agents has been used. The agents have, however, been restrictly used because of their side effects, such as bleeding tendency or hematoma formation on the operation site. The present study aimed to the effect of pentoxifylline, aspirin, and heparin on the skin flap survival rate and bleeding tendency. Twelve adult white rabbits, weighing about 2.0 kg, were used. Five random skin flaps, which is 1mm thickness, were prepared on the dorsal surface of each rabbit by using 1.5 X 7.5 cm prefabricated template. The animals were divided into 4 groups on the basis of drugs used: Control group, animals in which no drug was given (n=3); Pentoxifylline group, animals in which pentoxifylline was given intraorally (n=3); Aspirin group, animals in which aspirin was given intravenously (n=3). On the 3rd and 7th day after operation, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were measured to evaluate the bleeding tendency. The animals were sacrificed on the 7th day and the mean skin flap survival rate of each group was measured. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The skin flap survival rates of pentoxifylline (84.3±7.9%) and heparin (79.5±10.9%) groups were significantly increased, compared with control group (68.0±10.8%)(ㅔ<0.05). The survival rate of aspirin group (73.0±11.1%) was not increased. 2. In bleeding tendency, the PT values were prolonged in heparin and aspirin groups at the 3rd day after operation (p<0.05), and prolonged in order of heparin group, aspirin group, and pentoxifylline group at the 7th day after operation. The aPPT values in heparin and aspirin groups were also prolonged at the 3rd day after operation (p<0.05), and prolonged in order of Aspirin group. Heparin group, and Pentoxifylline group at the 7th day after operation. These results suggest that pentoxifylline may be the most useful drug among three drugs to increase skin flap survival rate and less increase the bleeding tendency.

가토에서 Pentoxifylline, Asprin 및 Heparin이 피부피판의 생존 및 출혈 경향에 미치는 영향

하주원,백승,박홍주,오희균,유선열 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.5

The skin flap, which has been frequently used in the maxillofacial soft tissue defects, can be failed due to insufficient blood supply to the flap. To increase its survival rate, antithrombotic agents has been used. The agents have, however, been restrictly used because of their side effects, such as bleeding tendency or hematoma formation on the operation site. The present study aimed to the effect of pentoxifylline, aspirin, and heparin on the skin flap survival rate and bleeding tendency. Twelve adult white rabbits, weighing about 2.0 ㎏, were used. Five random skin flaps, which is 1㎜ thickness, were prepared on the dorsal surface of each rabbit by using 1.5×7.5㎝ prefabricated template. The animals were divided into 4 groups on the basis of drugs used: Control group, animals in which no drug was given (n=3); Pentoxifylline group, animals in which pentoxifylline was given intraorally (n=3); Aspirin group, animals in which aspirin was given intravenously (n=3), and Heparin group, animals in which heparin was given intravenously (n=3). On the 3rd and 7th day after operation, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were measured to evaluate the bleeding tendency. The animals were sacrificed on the 7th day and the mean skin falp survival rate of each group was measured. The results obtained were as follows : The skin flap survival rates of pentoxifylline (84.3±7.9%) and heparin (79.5±10.9%) groups were significantly increased, compared with control group (68.0±10.8%)(P<0.05). The survival rate of aspirin group (73.0±11.1%) was not increased. In bleeding tendency, the PT values were prolonged in heparin and aspirin groups at the 3rd day after operation (P<0.05), and prolonged in order of heparin group, aspirin group, and pentoxifylline group at the 7th day after operation. The aPPT values in heparin and aspirin groups were also prolonged at the 3rd day after operation (P<0.05), and prolonged in order of Aspirin group, Heparin group, and Pentoxifylline group at the 7th day after operation. These results suggest that pentoxifylline may be the most useful drug among three drugs to increase skin falp survival rate and less increase the bleeding tendency.

신경망에 의한 확대 I-PD제어계의 구성

강동원,조재오,이현철,하홍곤,고태언 동의대학교 산업기술개발연구소 2000 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.14 No.-

Many control techniques have been proposed in order to improve the control performance of discrete-time domain control system. In the position control system using a DC servo motor as a driver, the response-characteristic of system is controlled by the I-PD controller. In the I-PD control system, the transient response characteristic is more increased and settling time gets longer if gains of I-PD controller are unsuitable. In this paper, a expanded I-PD control system is constructed by inserting a pre-compensator at output terminal of I-PD controller. it is implemented by neural network with two hidden layers. From the result of computer simulation in the proposed control algorithm, its usefulness is verified.

간세포암종에 대한 간동맥 화학색전술 후 발생한 급성호흡곤란증후군

조윤원,이정미,최자윤,유동훈,차라리,오혜원,김홍준,민현주,김현진,정운태,이옥재,하창윤,이선영 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2013 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.36 No.1

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has become an effective alternative treatment strategy for patients with inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although TACE is relatively safe, acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with pulmonary lipiodol embolism is a rare and potentially fatal complication. We report a rare case of acute respiratory distress syndrome after TACE for inoperable HCC. A 75-year-old man, with huge HCC in right lobe, was treated by TACE for the first time. Seven hours after uneventful TACE procedure, he felt dyspneic and his oxygen saturation recorded by pulse oximetry (SpO2) fell to 80% despite of applying non-rebreathing mask. He underwent mechanical ventilation with a protective ventilatory strategy. We experienced a case of acute respiratory distress syndrome after TACE for HCC.

中學 科學敎育의 探究學習에 대한 評價問項 開發 (Ⅱ)

閔庚德,楊洪準,李善行,鄭遠佑,이병교,金裕漢,羅長薰 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1985 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.9 No.-

This study was accomplished to develope the evaluation items for inquiry learning in the 2nd grade Middle School Science for the consecutive study of the evaluation items for inquiry learning in the 1st grade Middle School Science(U-Hang Ki et al, 1984). In this study, paper and pencil test items and performance test items are made by analyzing the abilities of inquiry according to the contents and four basic experiments from each unit in the 2nd grade Middle school science. These evaluation items were applied to tke five classes of the 2nd grade of middle school to test their validity. It is desirable that performance test schuld be used for the evaluation for the abilities of inquiry which can not be evaluated by paper and pencil test. In the evaluation methods of performance test, tester evaluation, peer evaluation and self-evaluation can be applied to the science class in a multi-student class. In higher grade, however tester evaluation is more desirable than peer and self evaluation. It is found that peer evaluation and self-evaluation make possible the perfect study by feedback.

탄성지반 강성행렬을 이용한 암거해석

김우중,이원홍,하대환 진주산업대학교 1994 論文集 Vol.33 No.-

Culvert is sometimes placed on elastic foundation at construction site. There are several methods to analyze a culvert, particularly finite element method used commonly. The stiffness matrix of finite element method does not include the character of the elastic foundation. When the elastic foundation stiffness matrix, which will be introduced in this study, add to the stiffness matrix, the combined matrix can be applicable to the bottom part of the culvert on elastic foundation. That could analyze the actual condition of the culvert, also predict the elastic displacements of the culvert.

성인에서 비만에 대한 자가 평가

황재경,김홍규,공희상,윤효중,황용하,이기영,정연실,이성광,박혜영,김갑환,최원철,강문호 대한비만학회 2002 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.11 No.4

연구배경 : 일반인들의 비만에 대한 자가평가는 객관적인 기준에 의하기보다는 주관적인 것으로, 이는 체중조절에 대한 부적절한 노력을 이끌 가능성이 있다. 본 연구는 우리나라 성인을 대항으로 비만에 대한 자가평가와 체질량지수를 기준으로 정의한 객관적인 비만도 사이의 차이를 알아보고, 비만에 대한 인식에 영향을 주는 사회환경적 요인을 규명해 보고자 하였다. 방법 : 가천의대 길병원의 건강증진 센터에 내원하여, 건강검진을 받은 561명 (남 341 : 여 220) 의 성인을 대상으로 하였다. 체질량지수 20미만, 20 ~ 24.9, 25 ~ 29.9, 30이상 (kg/㎡)에 따라 네 군으로 분류하였고, 설문조사 상 자신의 체형에 대한 인식 (마른 편, 적당, 비만, 매우비만)과의 일치도를 살펴보았다. 결과 : 대상자의 연령은 37±13세, 남녀 비는 1.5:1, 체질량지수는 22.7±3.2 kg/㎡, 복부-둔부 둘레비는 0.85±0.07이었다. 체질량지수 (20미만, 20 ~ 24.9, 25 ~29.9. 30이상 (kg/㎡))를 기준으로 한 경우와 자가평가 (마른편, 적당, 비만, 매우 비만)에 대한 일치도는 각각 56%, 52%, 49% 그리고 89% (kappa=0.26)이었다. 그리고 , 체질량수 25 kg/㎡ 이상인 비만인 남성의 44%가 자신을 비만하지 않다고 평가하고 있었으며, 체질량지수 25 kg/㎡ 미만인 여성의 43%가 자신을 비만하다고 인식하였다. 비만에 대한 자가 평가가 적절한 군과 그렇지 않은 군 사이에 연령, 교육 수준, 거주지역 등에 의미 있는 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 결론 : 우리 나라 성인에서 객관적인 비만도와 일반인의 자가 평가 사이에는 상당한 차이가 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 남성의 경우에는 자신의 비만에 대한 인식이 부족하였고, 여성의 경우에는 비만하지 않은 경우에도 자신을 비만하다고 과평가하는 비율이 높았다. 따라서, 일반인들을 객관적으로 비만 기준으로 정확히 평가하고, 올바른 신체이미지를 가질 수 있도록 교육하는 것이 필요함을 알 수 있었다. Background : Obesity has become a matter of great public concern in Korea with its increasing prevalence in recent years. People should properly recognize themselves whether to be obese or not before seeking medical attention. However self assessment of obesity may be erroneously subjective and misleading. This study is to investigate the possible discrepancy between self-assessment of obesity and obesity defined by BMI in Korean adults. Materials And Methods : Five hundred sixty one adult subjects (341 men and 220 women) who took a routine health examination in Gachon Health Center were included in this study. We analyzed the data obtained from health examination and a questionnaire including self-assessment of obesity categorized as underweight, normal, obese and severely obese. Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/㎡ is defined as obese, BMI ≥ 30 kg/㎡ as very obese and BMI <20 kg/㎡ as underweight. Results : The age of the subjects was 37±13 years, male to female ratio 1.5:1, the BMI 22.7±3.2 kg/㎡, and the WHR 0.85±0.07. The concordance rates between self-assessment of obesity and obesity defined by BMI were 56%, 52%, 49% and 89% (kappa=0.26) respectively in underweight, normal, obese and very obese. 44% of men with obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/㎡) assessed themselves to be non-obese, whereas 43% of non-obese women (BMI ≥25 kg/㎡) assessed themselves to be obese. There were no differences in age, education level, and residential area between the groups who correctly assessed their obesity and did not. Conclusions : There were significant discrepancies between self-assessment of obesity and obesity defined by BMI in Korean adults. Significant proportion of men with obesity underestimated their obesity, while significant proportion of non-obese women overestimated their fatness. These results suggest that public education be required to provide the proper definition of obesity and avoid the misleading in its management.