NOTES ON REGULAR AND INVERTIBLE AUTOMATA

Park, Chin_Hong,Shim, Hong-Tae 한국전산응용수학회 2004 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.16 No.1

We shall discuss some properties of quasi-homomorphisms associated with automata. We shall give some characterizations in terms of characteristic semigroups for regular and invertible attomata.

상이동촉매 존재하에서 금속착물 촉매에 의한 α,α´- 디할로크실렌의 카르보닐화

沈相喆,朴宇鉉,金鴻洛,李在守 경북대학교 산업기술연구소 1987 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.15 No.-

Various transition metal carbonyl complexes catalyzed the carbonylation of p-xylylene dibromide to give p-phenylenediacetic acid in moderate yields in the presence of phase transfer agents such as crown ether and quaternary ammonium salt at atmospheric pressure of carbon monoxide. These metal complexes were less effective in the case of carbonylation of ortho- and meta-xylylene dibromides. On the other hand, p-tolylacetic acid was predominantly obtained when p-xylylene dichloride was applied to this two phase system. And also, meta-and para-xylylene dibromides reacted with carbon monoxide in the presence of palladium (0) complexes such as tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium (0), and bis (1,2-diphenylphosphinoethane) palladium(0) under phase transfer catalyst to give selectively mono-carbonylated products in reasonable yields.

한국 표준어 화자의 유창성과 말속도에 관한 연구

심홍임 한국음성과학회 2004 음성과학 Vol.11 No.3

This was a preliminary study for standardizing speech rate and fluency of normal adult Korean speakers and comparing speech rate and fluency of normal speakers with those of professional speakers. The purposes of this study were to investigate (a) the speech rates (the overall speech rate and the articulation rate) and the disfluency characteristics of normal adult speakers and (b) the speech rates (the overall speech rate and the articulation rate) and the disfluency characteristics between normal adult speakers and professional speakers. The results were as follows: The most frequent disfluency type was 'interjection' in story-telling, 'revision' in text reading and announcing of professional speakers. The professional speakers had the fastest speech rates (overall speech rate and articulation rate) among the 3 groups.

한국 비만 여성의 신체 계측에 의한 체지방 추정

심경원,김지연,서희선,이홍수,이상화,강지현 대한비만학회 2002 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.11 No.2

연구배경 : 국내 비만 여성을 대상으로 비용이 적게 들고 단순하면서도 보다 정확하게 체지방률을 추정할 수 있는 체지방률 추정식을 작성함으로써 쉽게 체지방률과 조절해야하는 지방의 양을 판단할 수 있도록 하고자 한다. 방법 : 이대목동병원 비만클리닉을 처음으로 내원한 19세 이상의 성인 여자 607명 중 체질량지수가 25 kg/㎡ 이상인 500명을 연구대상으로 하여 목, 가슴, 허리, 엉덩이, 대퇴, 하퇴, 발목, 상완, 전완, 손목의 10부위의 둘레와 생체전기저항분석법 (bioelectrical impedance analysis, BIA) 방식의 체성분 분석기를 이용하여 체지방률을 측정하였다. 체지방률 추정식을 구하기 위해 BIA에 의한 체지방률을 종속변수로 하고 , 신체 둘레 계측기 및 신장, 체중, 체질량지수, 연령을 독립변수로 하여 단계별 다중회귀분석 (multiple stepwise regression)을 시행하였다. 결과 : 신장과 체중, 연령, 체질량지수 및 신체 둘레 측정치 중 체지방률을 반영하는 지표는 체질량 지수, 전완둘레, 신장, 엉덩이 둘레, 하퇴둘레였고, 이 다섯가지 지표를 이용한 체지방률 추정식은 66.1%의 예측력과 2.86%의 측정 오차를 나타냈다 (R^2=0.661, SEE=2.86). 결론 : 비만한 성인 여성에서 신장과 체중, 연령 및 신체 둘레 계측치를 이용한 본 연구의 추정식은 체지방률(%)을 적은 오차범위로 비교적 정확하게 반영하였다. Background : This study was conducted to develop a regression equation that accurately estimates body fat percentage using relatively easy and inexpensive method in adult obese Korean women. Method : Data were collected among 500 obese Korean women visiting obesity clinic in Ewha woman's university Mokdong hospital, Seoul, Korea. Height, weight, and circumferences at ten body sites (neck, chest, waist, hip, thigh, calf, ankle, arm, forearm, wrist) were measured s well as total body bioelectrical impedance. Results : The full regression equation estimates body fat percentage included six variables : BMI, forearm circumference, height, hip circumference, thigh circumference. This equation accounted for 66.1% of the variance in body weight measured by bioelectrical impedance, and their standard error of estimate was 2.86%. Conclusion : For the obese Korean women in this study, circumference measurements provided a s relatively good estimation of body fat percentage.

압력변화(대기압이하)에서 Methand-Methylacetate계에 대한 기-액평형치의 추산

심홍섭 영남이공대학 1998 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

The vapor-liquid equilibrium for the binary methanol-methylacetate system was investigated under the subatmospheric pressure. From the relation between logarithmic values of relative volatitity(logα) and liquid phase composition(x) under the various subatmospheric pressure an empirical equation, by which x-y data for the various pressure could be estimated, was obtained. And the vapor-liquid equilibrium data for methanol-methylacetate system were measured at 300 mmHg, 500 mmHg and 700 mmHg. The x-y data estimated by the proposed equation were compared with the experimental data, and proved to be in a good coincident within small error range.

플루오르토파즈와 휘스커 뮬라이트의 제조와 특성평가

심일용,이홍림,문종수,강종봉 경남대학교 신소재연구소 2002 신소재연구 Vol.14 No.-

본 연구에서는 1200℃의 저온에서 침상형 뮬라이트를 합성하고, 이러한 침상형 뮬라이트를 생성하는 메카니즘을 관찰함과 동시에 메카니즘을 활용한 제어된 미세구조를 가진 뮬라이트를 합성하고자 하였다. Al원으로 사용되는 원료로서는 Al(OH)_3를 사용한 경우가 Al_2O_3를 사용한 결과보다 더욱 발달된 휘스커상의 뮬라이트를 얻을 수 있었다. 각 온도구간에서 열처리한 시편은 미세구조 관찰과 상분석을 통하여 플루오르토파즈와 휘스커상의 뮬라이트의 생성을 관찰하였으며, 토파즈상을 거쳐간 휘스커 뮬라이트의 생성은 하나의 토파즈 상에서 여러 방향으로 휘스커상의 뮬라이트가 성장되는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 1200℃에서 생성된 휘스커상의 뮬라이트는 [001] 방향으로 성장하였으며, (110)면의 면간거리는 5.34Å이었다. 과량의 Al(OH)_3를 참가하였을 경우 기존의 8:7:4 원료조합보다 11:7:4의 경우에 조대한 단일상의 휘스커 뮬라이트를 관찰할 수 있었으나, 그 이상의 Al(OH)_3의 첨가는 미반응 Al_2O_3로 인하여 단일상의 뮬라이트를 얻지 못하였다. Whiskered mullites were synthesized at relatively low temperature of 1200℃, and mullite forming mechanism was studied in this experiment. Al(OH)_3 as a raw materials was better in getting whiskered mullite than Al_2O_3. Microstructure and phase analysis were done for the specimens heat treated at various temperatures. It was found that the synthesized mullite had grown to [001] direction, and that the distance of (110) plane was 5.34Å. Al(OH)_3 addition resulted in larger mullite whisker than normal 8:7:4 ratio, but excessive Al(OH)_3 didn't affect the growth of mullite whisker.

유럽단일시장의 형성과 공동사회정책의 가능성 연구

심상필,조홍식 서울대학교 국제지역원 1996 국제지역연구 Vol.5 No.2

유럽통합에 관한 학문적 논의에 있어 사회적 차원만큼 논쟁의 대상이 되는 부분도 드물다. 일부에서는 현재까지 진행되어온 사회적 차원의 발전을 주목하면서 앞으로도 이 분야의 통합이 순조롭게 진행되어 공동사회정책의 단계에 도달할 것이라고 평가한다. 그러나 다른 학자들은 유럽통합이 경제적인 단일시장의 형성을 주요 목료로 하고 있기 때문에 사회적이 ㄴ차원은 단지 경제통합을 동반하거나 정당화하는 부속물일 뿐이라는 시각을 보이고 있다. 이 논문은 1) 규범적 차원에서 각종 규칙의 생산과 2) 이들이 실질적으로 적용되는 과정까지를 포함하는 포괄적 의미의 정책을 구분함으로써 사회적 차원에 대한 다양하고 상반된 평가가 주는 혼동에서 탈피해 보려는 시도이다. 역사적으로 볼 때 사회적 차원은 1950년대의 로마조약에서 시작하여 특히 1970년대의 행동계획과 1989년의 사회헌장이 채택될 때까지 지속적으로 강화되어 왔다. 최근에 체결된 마스트리히트 조약은 이같이 생산된 규범적 사회정책을 실천하는데 필수적인 정책수단을 제공함으로써 유럽공동사회정책의 생성을 위한 기초를 마련해 주었다. 결국 유럽 특유의 사회경제모델에 바탕한 공동사회정책의 실현 가능성은 무엇보다 주요 회원국들의 집권세력분포와 성향에 좌우될 것이다. In the current academic debate on European integration, the social dimension represents one of the most controversial issues. In an incrementalist and somewhat optimistic perspective, many studies consider that european integration process has been covering various dimensions, from the formation of the customs union to the production of common policies, including the social dimension. ON the other hand, in a critical perspective, pessimists point out the fact that the integration process was mainly oriented to economic community building, avoiding any consideration of the social dimension. This article aims to clarify the confusion induced by the differences of view and introduces the distinction between the production of social norms and rules in the integration process and their implementation at both the European and national level. Historically, the social dimension has been present since the Rome Treaty of 1950's and reinforced since then, especially by the action plan of the 1970's the Social Charter of 1989. The Maastricht Treaty gave the European Union policy instruments necessary for the effective implementation and harmonization of social norms, opening the way to the emergence of the european common social policy. The contingency of this policy based upon the specificity of a european socio-economic model fundamentally depends on the distribution and the nature of governing political forces among main member- countries and their interaction in the context of enlargement.

n-Butanol-Alkylacetate계의 기액평형

심홍섭 영남이공대학 1979 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Vapor liquid equilibrium data were reported for binary system n-propylacetaten-butanol at atmospheric pressure. The study showed that the relations between logarithmic values of relative volatility (logo) and liquid phase composition(x) in the four binary nbutanol with nlethylacetate. ethylacetate, n-propylacetate and n-butylaeetate systems might be expressed as linear functions. This study proposed the empirical equation with which x-y data for each binary system of n-butanol?alkylacetate could be estimated. And the x-y data estimated by the proposed equation was compared with experimental data for npropylacetaten butanol system, and observed a good coincidence with them.

압력변화에 대한 2성분계 기액평형치의 추산

심홍섭,박원규 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 1984 연구보고 Vol.12 No.1

The relation between logarithmic value of the relative volatilities and liquid phase compositions in the binary methanol-methylethylketone systems with the variable pressure could be expressed as linear function. And the pressure variation does not change the slope of the linear relations. This study proposed the empirical equation which can be used to predict the vaporliquid equilibrium relationship of the methanol-methylethylketone system with the variable pressure. The calculated values are compared with the experimental data, and the calculated results agree well the experimental results.

하비갑개골에 발생한 연골육종 1례

심홍섭,김용기 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1998 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.23 No.1

Chondrosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor that can be noted in either the bony or cartilagenous system. The common sites are the pelvis, sternum and long bone. Chondrosarcoma arising in the head and neck region is very rare, especially in the inferior turbinate of the nasal cavity. The symptoms and signs are variable according to the anatomical location. Wide surgical resection offers the primary treatment modality and can be combined with radiation therapy or chemotherapy. The prognosis of chon drosarcoma is generally worse than that of other sarcomas, and it's prognosis depends on the anatomical location of the tumor, tumor resectability, and cytological differentiation. The authors experienced a case of chondrosarcoma which originated from the inlurior turbinate in the nasal cavity of a 6-year old child. The resection of the mass with the inferior medial maxillectomy via midfacial degloving approach was done without significant complications.