사카모토 료마의 국가 건설사상

임태홍(Lim Tai-hong) 한국정치사상학회 2004 정치사상연구 Vol.10 No.2

이 연구는 사카모토 료마의 ‘선중팔책’이 나오게 된 배경과 그 사상적인 특징을 살펴본 것이다. 그의 제안은 단순한 구상에 머문 것이 아니라 이후 ‘대정봉환’이나 ‘메이지유신’ 등으로 현실화되었다. 그의 정치적 입장은 분열되어 있는 각 정치세력을 하나로 묶어 강력한 통일정부를 만드는 데에 있었기 때문에, 그에 대한 연구는 일본 근대의 정치사상을 이해하는데 있어 그리고 아직도 진정한 의미의 민족국가 수립을 못하고 있는 우리 민족에게는 매우 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 본론에서는 ‘선중팔책’을 중심으로 사카모토 료마의 행적과 그 배경을 살펴보고 ‘선중팔책’의 내용과 특징을 고찰하였다. 특징을 명확히 하기위해서 멀리 중국과 한국의 사례와 비교해보았다. 중국의 경우는 태평천국시기에 룽훙(容?)이 태명천국에 제시한 방안과 청말의 쑨원(孫文)이 리홍장(李鴻章)에게 제출한 건의안, 그리고 한국은 동학 운동시기의 폐정개혁안과 갑신정변시 개화파가 제시한 신 정령 14개 조항을 참고하였다. 사카모토 료마의 ‘선중팔책’은 메이지 유신 직전에 제시되었는데, 그 당시 일본의 대표적인 건국 방략이라고 할 수 있다. 그의 제안은 국가의 정체(政體), 사법, 행정, 의회, 외교, 헌법, 군대 등 범위가 광범위하며 어느 한쪽으로 편증되어 있지 않다. 그리고 지국의 문제를 일본을 넘어선 국제적인 시간에서 파악하려는 특징이 강하다. 또한 ‘선중팔책’에는 서구의 의회정치나 법률, 외교 등의 제도를 적극적으로 받아들이려고 한 사카모토 료마의 노력이 뚜렷이 드러나 있다. 중국이나 우리나라의 개혁안과 비교해 보면, 사카모토 료마와 그 주변 사람들의 상황인식이 얼마나 폭이 넓고 깊이가 있었는가를 잘 알 수 있다. ‘선중팔책’은 이미 서양에서 진행되고 있었던 근대 국가 건설의 핵심을 정확히 짚어내고 또 그러한 시대적인 방향을 정확히 제시하였다는 점에서 매우 평가할 만한 방책이었다고 할 수 있을 것이다. This paper examines the Sakamoto Ryoma's "Great Plan at Sea" or eight-point plan, which he wrote aboard ship in 1867. Especially, It is focused on the background of the plan's formation and its feature as a nation building thought. Sakamoto's plan was very important. Because it was not merely an idea, but became a real after a few months. For example by his proposal, Yoshinobu Tokugawa, the 15th Shogun of the Tokugawa Shogunate, returned his political power to the Emperor, that is the so-cold "The Return of Sovereignty"(Taisei Houkan) of November 1867. In the main part, the writer examines the Sakamoto Ryoma's circumstance and analyzes the contents and the feature of the Sakamoto's plan. In order to clarify the plan's feature, this paper attempts to compare the plan to the Long Hong's(容?) proposal to Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Sun yatsen's(孫文) suggestion to Lee Hong-Chang(李鴻章), the Jeon Bong-Jun's(全琫準) reforming politics plan in the Dong Hak movement, and the reformists' 14 suggestions of the Military Revolution (the Kapshin coup) in 1884. The eight-point plan of Sakamoto Ryoma was suggested right before Meiji Restoration(1868). It was a representative plan for nation building in the era of Modern Japan. Sakamoto's proposal broadly included the system of government, judicature, administration, assembly, diplomacy, constitution, and troops, etc. Although the plan was concern with the domestic affairs of Japan, it had the international judgment, and was most distinctively beyond the boundary of the country. In the Sakamoto's plan, there was a remarkable effort to receive the Westem civilization of the times. Comparing with the cases of Long Hong's, Sun yatsen's, and Jeon Bong-Jun's, Sakamoto's recognition about the era and the circumstance around his country was very spacious and very deep. In conclusion, Sakamoto Ryoma seemed to have a clear grasp of the essence of nation building movement of Western Countries, and his eight-point plan for Modern Japan showed his country the correct way of the new times.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF A UV FLAME DETECTOR FOR THE AUTOMATIC FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM FOR ENGINE COMPARTMENT FIRES

Lim,Sung-Mook,Jung,Ki-Chang,Kim,Eung-Sik,Kim,Hong 한국화재소방학회 1997 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.-

In this work, a new type of UV flame detection system was developed. In order to measure the performance of UV flame detector, various kinds of experiments was performed. The results show that the maximum response time of the UV flame detector is 0.2 seconds when the detection distance is one meter The advantages of this system include wide area, high speed response and high sensitivity. After testing the W flame detector in engine compartment it detected fire within 0.09 seconds and extinguished within 5 seconds. Hence, the UV flame detector can be applied in automatic fire suppression system for automobiles.

침전법에 의한 알루미나 분말제조 Ⅲ. 소결체의 열적·기계적 특성

임헌진,이홍림,이형직,홍기곤 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1992 논문집 Vol.24 No.1

A precipitation method was adopted in order to prepare high-tech Al₂O₃ceramics. Al₂(SO₄)₃·18H₂O was used as a starting materials and alumimum hydroxides were obtained by single precipitation method at the pH condition 7 and 11, using NH₄OH as a precipitation agent. Fine Al₂O₃powders were prepared at optimum calcination condition and were sintered at 1650℃ for 4 h in air. Microstructures and mechhanical properties of Al₂O₃ceramics were investigated. Doped MgO limited the grain growth of Al₂O₃and increased grain size homogeneity of Al₂O₃Flexural stregth values were 340∼430 MPa. Critical temperature difference?? was 175 K showing rapid strength degradation by thermal shock.

연령증가에 따른 혈압요소들의 좌심실비대 및 관동맥질환과의 관련성

박재석,박창규,박미영,박재형,김용현,나진오,신성희,서순용,홍순준,박성미,임홍의,김응주,서홍석,오동주,노영무 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

속성 퇴비화에 관한 연구

임채규,박경수,김홍섭,노영복 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1988 自然科學硏究 Vol.11 No.1

This experiment was conducted to fine out the rapid composting method and the effects microorganism agent. The results were summarilized as follows; 1. Each temperatures of every composts highest rised at the 5 days during the experiment composting. 2. Composting temperature of the more 60℃ was killed the harmful lavar and pathogenic microorganisms. 3. The lowest C/N ratio was No.2, among the each treatments. 4. C/N ratio of the each treatments were same results of the general compost C/N ratio. 5. The synthesized of these results were recognized the effects of microorganism agent and the each treatments were showed the more rapid composting then general compost.

녹농균의 연부조직 감염에 대한 녹농균 다가백신 효과에 관한 실험적 연구

임홍철,양문호 慶熙大學校 醫科大學 1987 慶熙 醫大 論文集 Vol.12 No.1

유도전동기의 자속 및 토크 기울기에 의한 DTC에 관한 연구

임병옥,임홍우,정병호,이강연,백형래,조금배 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2003 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.25 No.1

침전법에 의한 알루미나 분말의 제조 Ⅰ. 알루미나 분말의 제조 및 특성

홍기곤,이홍림 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1990 논문집 Vol.22 No.1

In this study, a precipitation method, one of the most effective liquid phase reaction methods, was adopted in order to prepare high-tech Al₂O₃ceramics. Al₂(SO₄)₃·18H₂O was used as a starting material and NH₄OH as a precipitation agents. Various types of metal hydroxides were obtained by precipitation method at the pH condition between 7 and 11. Fine powders were prepared at optimum calcination condition after the properties of metal hydroxides on heat-treatment temperature were examined. The phases of aluminum hydroxides were changed from amorphous aluminum hydroxide to pseudo-boehmit of AlOOH form and bayerite, gibbsite, hydragillite and nordstrandite of Al(OH)₃form with increasing pH. Purity, average particle size and specific surface areas of α-Al₂O₃powders were 99.99%, 0.74-1.49 ㎛ and 11.1-17.4㎡/g, respectively α-Al₂O₃powders prepared in this study were soft agglomerates, and, therefore, average particle sizes were remarkably reduced to 0.06 - 0.12 ㎛ by mechanical crushing.

α-Sialon 세라믹스(X=0.15)의 기계적 성질에 미치는 소결분위기 및 ZrO₂의 첨가 영향

임헌진,조덕호,이홍림,이경원 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1991 논문집 Vol.23 No.1

4.82 wt% AIN and 2.95 wt% Y₂O₃were added to Si₃N₄as sintering agents in order to have α-Sialon composition of X=0.15 and monoclinic ZrO₂between 0 to 10 wt% was admixed with Si₃N₄. Si₃N₄based ceramics were fabricated by hot-pressing at 1750℃ for 90 min under 30 MPa in argon and nitrogen atmospheres Effects of sintering atmospheres and addition of ZrO₂on mechanical proporties of Si₃N₄based ceramics were investigated. As ZrO₂content increased, the fraction of α-Sialon tended to decrease and the amount of cubic ZrO₂increased because Y₂O₃acted as the stabilizer of ZrO₂. The sintering atmospheres didn't affect on the sintering behavior and the product phases in hot-pressing of Si₃N₄. Bending strength increased when ZrO₂was added up to 3 wt%. Hardness showed tendency to decrease with ZrO₂content. ZrO₂didn't contribute to the increase of fracture toughness because stabilized cubic ZrO₂was produced by the added Y₂O₃.

실대실험을 통한 신배수 시스템의 배수유동특성에 관한 실험적 연구

임수형,김용경,박률,박흥진,이정재 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

In this research, we propose a new system. The system aim for an adaptedness with buildings, freedom of plan, construction and renewal in water pipe equipments, etc. Because pumping pipe using gravity way by water is most popular method in drainage system. But, it is difficult to repair a drainpipe in this method because the drain pipe diameter is increased as using this method. Therefore, we must have a new concept to shorten the pipe diameter. The new system is not need of incline of piping, and it uses drainage power that is changed potential energy by high velocity flow as making Siphonage at vertical pipe. Therefore, the diameter of piping can decreased than existing piping system established in the ceiling. Also because connecting position will be located at the lower part, it is changed the potential energy of drainage to the high velocity flow. In addition. Drainage will be smooth because the fixture drain is linked by each drain piping.