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Detecting defects in concrete structures using accumulated SIBIE
Lee, Sanghun,Endo, Takao,Ishida, Hiroki 한국방재학회 2015 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.14 No.-
Images created by stack imaging spectral amplitudes based on the impact-echo (SIBIE) method are largely one-dimensional because a single frequency domain spectrum for waves reflected below a single point of impact is used to create them. The method has limitations for representing defects in a cross section of a concrete structural element using two-dimensional coordinates. This study focused on defect detection and visualization in a concrete structural element using multiple impacts and accumulated SIBIE. An impactor was used to induce energy at multiple points positioned at prescribed intervals along the structural element. A modified SIBIE method was applied to the collected data for each point and the modified SIBIE images were accumulated to generate one image (an accumulated SIBIE image). As a result, the defect positions could be represented in the cross section of the structural element using a two-dimensional coordinate system. And the method appears to improve upon existing methods to detect voids or other defects in concrete.
Application of Model Predictive Control to Polishing Robot for Pushing Operation
Nobuaki Endo,Takashi Yoshimi,Koichiro Hayashi,Hiroki Murakami 제어로봇시스템학회 2022 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.11
Much of the polishing work is done manually by skilled workers. It is not easy to teach robots to perform the detailed work of theirs and to configure and operate an appropriate control system to achieve this, and automation of this process has been delayed. Polishing is performed by pressing a rotating tool against the workpiece to be machined. To achieve this motion, PID control is used in the controllers of many robots. However, to determine the appropriate control gain, it is necessary to repeatedly adjust the control gain according to the processing target and processing conditions. The purpose of this research is to introduce Model Predictive Control (MPC) as a new control system for polishing robots. MPC is a control that predicts control output using a model of the control target. Therefore, we considered the target force value could be achieved without changing the MPC parameters when the force condition, a machining condition, is changed. In this paper, control block diagrams were created in MATLAB Simulink to apply MPC. The block diagram was then mounted on the actual machine to check whether it could be pressed with appropriate force, and the differences from PID were evaluated.
Thermal strain imaging of chalcogenide in a phase change memory
Keiji Takata,Hiroya Maekawa,Hiroki Endo 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3
Thermal strain imaging using a scanning probe microscope enables us to observe thermal distribution with high resolution. A phase change memory (PCM) based on chalcogenide glasses switches their two stable states having low and relatively high resistances by Joule heating. Images obtained by thermal strain imaging revealed that Joule heating was mainly generated in particular regions and some boundaries. The large fluctuation of increases in temperature in the active area should greatly affect phase change in PCM.
( Eiji Yamada ),( Hidenori Ohkubo ),( Takuma Higurashi ),( Eiji Sakai ),( Hiroki Endo ),( Hirokazu Takahashi ),( Eri Uchida ),( Emi Tanida ),( Nobuyoshi Izumi ),( Akira Kanesaki ),( Yasuo Hata ),( Tet The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2013 Gut and Liver Vol.7 No.5
Background/Aims: Left-sided diverticulitis is increasing in Japan, and many studies report that left-sided diverticulitis is more likely to be severe. Therefore, it is important to identify the features and risk factors for left-sided diverticulitis. We hypothesized that left-sided diverticulitis in Japan is related to obesity and conducted a study of the features and risk factors for this disorder in Japan. Methods: Right-sided di-verticulitis and left-sided diverticulitis patients (total of 215) were compared with respect to background, particularly obesity-related factors to identify risk factors for diverticulitis. Results: There were 166 (77.2%) right-sided diverticulitis patients and 49 (22.8%) left-sided diverticulitis patients. The proportions of obese patients (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, p=0.0349), viscerally obese patients (visceral fat area ≥100 cm2, p=0.0019), patients of mean age (p=0.0003), and el-derly patients (age ≥65 years, p=0.0177) were significantly higher in the left-sided-diverticulitis group than in the right-sided-diverticulitis group. The proportion of viscerally obese patients was significantly higher in the left-sided-diverticulitis group than in the left-sided-diverticulosis group (p=0.0390). Conclusions: This study showed that obesity, particularly visceral obesity, was a risk factor for left-sided diverticulitis in Japan. (Gut Liver 2013;7:532-538)
Takeshi Hara,Masaki Mizuno,Kazutoshi Hida,Toru Sasamori,Yasuyuki Miyoshi,Hisaaki Uchikado,Hiroki Ohashi,Taku Sugawara,Yasuhiro Takeshima,Yukoh Ohara,Akihide Kondo,Toshiki Endo 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.3
Objective: This study was aimed to report the clinical characteristics of intramedullary schwannomas and discuss imaging findings and treatment strategies. Methods: The inclusion criterion was consecutive patients with intramedullary schwannomas who were surgically treated at 8 centers between 2009 and 2020. Clinical characteristics included age, sex, clinical presentation, disease duration, and follow-up period. The modified McCormick scale was used to compare the preoperative and postoperative conditions. Pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance images (MRI) of each case were analyzed. Results: The mean age of the total 11 patients at the operation was 50.2 years. The mean duration of the symptoms was 23 months, with limb paresthesia being the most common clinical presentation. The cervical spine was the most common localization level of the tumor in 6 cases. The mean follow-up duration was 49.4 months. Gross total resection (GTR) and subtotal resection (STR) was achieved in 9 and 2 cases, respectively. According to the modified McCormick scale at 6 months postoperatively, 7 cases (63.6%) had improved and 4 cases (36.3%) had unchanged grades. Typical MRI findings of the intramedullary schwannoma included ring-like enhancement, syringomyelia, cystic formation, intramedullary edema, and hemosiderin deposition. Gadolinium enhancement was homogenous in 8 cases (72.7%). The tumor margins were well demarcated in all cases. Conclusion: Intramedullary schwannoma should be considered when sharp margins and well-enhanced tumors are present at the cervical spine level and the initial symptoms are relatively mild, such as dysesthesia. When GTR cannot be achieved, STR for tumor decompression is recommended.
( Yasunari Sakamoto ),( Shingo Kato ),( Yusuke Sekino ),( Eiji Sakai ),( Takashi Uchiyama ),( Hiroshi Iida ),( Kunihiro Hosono ),( Hiroki Endo ),( Koji Fujita ),( Tomoko Koide ),( Hirokazu Takahashi ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2011 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.17 No.2
Background/Aims There are few reports on the correlation between chewing gum and the gastrointestinal functions. But previous report showed use of chewing gum to be an effective method for controlling gastrointestinal symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between chewing gum and gastric emptying using the continuous real time 13C breath test (BreathID system). Methods Ten healthy male volunteers participated in this randomized, 2-way crossover study. The subjects fasted overnight and were randomly assigned to chewing gum (Xylish, 2-3/1 tablet) for an hour following intake of a test meal (200 kcal/200 mL) or intake of the test meal alone. Gastric emptying was monitored for 4 hours after administration of the test meal by the 13C-acetic acid breath test performed continually using the BreathID system. Results No significant differences in the calculated parameters, namely, T1/2 (median, 111.82 vs 109.26 minutes; P = 0.575), Tlag (median, 53.28 vs 56.53 minutes; P = 0.333), gastric emptying coefficient (median, 3.58 vs 3.65; P = 0.285), regression-estimated constant β (median, 1.85 vs 1.80; P = 0.575) and regression-estimated constant κ (median, 0.61 vs 0.62; P = 0.959) were observed between the test meal alone group and the test meal and chewing gum group. Conclusions This study showed that chewing gum had no effect on the rate of gastric emptying. Therefore, since chewing gum did not enhance the speed of gastric emptying, it may ameliorate gastrointestinal symptoms through other mechanisms, such as saliva and autonomic nervous system. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011;17:174-179)
( Takashi Nonaka ),( Yusuke Sekino ),( Hiroshi Iida ),( Eiji Yamada ),( Hidenori Ohkubo ),( Eiji Sakai ),( Takuma Higurashi ),( Kunihiro Hosono ),( Hiroki Endo ),( Tomoko Koide ),( Hirokazu Takahashi 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2013 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.19 No.2
The gastrointestinal motility effects of endogenous incretin hormones enhanced by dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors have not yet been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this study was to determine whether single pre-prandial sitagliptin, the DPP-IV inhibitor, administration might have an effect on the rate of liquid gastric emptying using the 13C-acetic acid breath test. Methods Ten healthy male volunteers participated in this randomized, two-way crossover study. The subjects fasted for overnight and were randomly assigned to receive 50 mg sitagliptin 2 hours before ingestion of the liquid test meal (200 kcal per 200 mL, containing 100 mg 13C-acetate) or the test meal alone. Under both conditions, breath samples were collected for 150 minutes following the meal. Liquid gastric emptying was estimated by the values of the following parameters: the time required for 50% emptying of the labeled meal (T1/2), the analog to the scintigraphy lag time for 10% emptying of the labeled meal (Tlag), the gastric emptying coefficient and the regression-estimated constants (β and k), calculated by using the 13CO2 breath excretion curve using the conventional formulae. The parameters between the 2 test conditions were compared statistically. Results No significant differences in the calculated parameters, including T1/2, Tlag, gastric emptying coefficient or β and k, were observed between the 2 test conditions. Conclusions The present study revealed that single-dose sitagliptin intake had no significant influence on the rate of liquid gastric emptying in asymptomatic volunteers.
( Yasunari Sakamoto ),( Yusuke Sekino ),( Eiji Yamada ),( Hidenori Ohkubo ),( Takuma Higurashi ),( Eiji Sakai ),( Hiroshi Iida ),( Kunihiro Hosono ),( Hiroki Endo ),( Takashi Nonaka ),( Tamon Ikeda ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2011 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.17 No.4
Background/Aims The administration of liquid nutrients to patients is often accompanied by complications such as gastroesophageal reflux. To prevent gastroesophageal reflux, high-viscosity liquid meals are used widely, however, it still remains controversial whether high-viscosity liquid meals have any effect on the rate of gastric emptying. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining whether high-viscosity liquid meals had any effect on the rate of gastric emptying and mosapride might accelerate the rate of gastric emptying of high-viscosity liquid meals. Methods Six healthy male volunteers underwent 3 tests at intervals of > 1 week. After fasting for > 8 hours, each subject received one of three test meals (liquid meal only, high-viscosity liquid meal [liquid meal plus pectin] only, or high-viscosity liquid meal 30 minutes after intake of mosapride). A 13C-acetic acid breath test was performed, which monitored the rate of gastric emptying for 4 hours. Using the Oridion Research Software (β version), breath test parameters were calculated. The study parameters were examined for all the 3 test conditions and compared using the Freidman test. Results Gastric emptying was significantly delayed following intake of a high-viscosity liquid meal alone as compared with a liquid meal alone; however, intake of mosapride prior to a high-viscosity liquid meal was associated with a significantly accelerated rate of gastric emptying as compared with a high-viscosity liquid meal alone. Conclusions This study showed that high-viscosity liquid meals delayed gastric emptying: however, mosapride recovered the delayed rate of gastric emptying by high-viscosity liquid meals. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011;17:395-401)
Takashi Nonaka,Takaomi Kessoku,Yuji Ogawa,Shogo Yanagisawa,Tadahiko Shiba,Takashi Sakaguchi,Kazuhiro Atsukawa,Hisao Takahashi,Yusuke Sekino,Hiroshi Iida,Hiroki Endo,Yasunari Sakamoto,Tomoko Koide,Hiro 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2013 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.19 No.1
Background/Aims The aim of this study was to examine the convenience of the quality of life and utility evaluation survey technology (QUEST) questionnaire and the frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (FSSG) questionnaire as self-assessment diagnostic instrument. Methods This was a two-way crossover study conducted over 6 weeks from September 2010 to November 2010. The subjects were 60 consecutive patients admitted to the Hiratsuka city hospital with a gastrointestinal condition, regardless of the coexistence of heartburn. They were assigned to fill in both the QUEST and FSSG questionnaires in random order. We analyzed the time taken to complete the questionnaires, whether subjects asked any questions as they filled in the questionnaire, and the questionnaire scores. Results Comparison of the QUEST and the FSSG revealed significant differences in the completion time (196.5 vs. 97.5 seconds, respectively; P < 0.0001) and in whether subjects asked any questions (37 vs. 15 subjects, respectively; P < 0.0001). Completion time in QUEST scores of ≥ 4 was lower than < 4 (170.5 vs. 214.0 seconds, respectively; P = 0.022), and the QUEST score was significantly higher without questions than with question (3 vs. 1 points, respectively; P = 0.025). Conclusions This study revealed that the FSSG questionnaire may be easier for Japanese subjects to complete than the QUEST questionnaire.